A new 3,4-seco-lanostane triterpenoid, schisanlactone G （1）, was isolated from the fruits of Schisandra sphenanthera. Its structure was established on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis.
Alcohol abuse leads to alcoholic liver disease and no effective therapy is currently available.Wuzhi Tablet(WZ), a preparation of extract from Schisandra sphenanthera that is a traditional hepatoprotective herb, exert...Alcohol abuse leads to alcoholic liver disease and no effective therapy is currently available.Wuzhi Tablet(WZ), a preparation of extract from Schisandra sphenanthera that is a traditional hepatoprotective herb, exerted a significant protective effect against acetaminophen-induced liver injury in our recent studies, but whether WZ can alleviate alcohol-induced toxicity remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the contribution of WZ to alcohol-induced liver injury by using chronic-binge and acute models of alcohol feeding. The activities of ALT and AST in serum were assessed as well as the level of GSH and the activity of SOD in the liver. The expression of CYP2E1 and proteins in the NRF2-ARE signaling pathway including NRF2, GCLC, GCLM, HO-1 were measured, and the effect of WZ on NRF2 transcriptional activity was determined. We found that both models resulted in liver steatosis accompanied by increased transaminase activities, but that liver injury was significantly attenuated by WZ. WZ administration also inhibited CYP2E1 expression induced by alcohol, and elevated the level of GSH and the activity of SOD in the liver. Moreover, the NRF2-ARE signaling pathway was activated by WZ andthe target genes were all upregulated. Furthermore, WZ significantly activated NRF2 transcriptional activity. Collectively, our study demonstrates that WZ protected against alcohol-induced liver injury by reducing oxidative stress and improving antioxidant defense, possibly by activating the NRF2-ARE pathway.展开更多
Cholestasis is caused by the obstacle of bile formation or secretion and can develop into severe liver diseases. We previously reported the ethanol extract of Schisandra sphenanthera(Wuzhi tablet, WZ) can significantl...Cholestasis is caused by the obstacle of bile formation or secretion and can develop into severe liver diseases. We previously reported the ethanol extract of Schisandra sphenanthera(Wuzhi tablet, WZ) can significantly protect against lithocholic acid(LCA)-induced intrahepatic cholestasis in mice, partially due to the activation of PXR pathway and promotion of liver regeneration.However, the effect of WZ on the bile acids profile and gut microbiome in cholestastic mice remain unknown. In this study, the effect of WZ against LCA-induced liver injury was evaluated and its effect on the bile acids metabolome and gut microbiome profiles in cholestastic mice was further investigated. Targeted metabolomics analysis was performed to examine the change of bile acids in the serum, liver, intestine and feces. The change of intestinal flora were detected by the genomics method. Targeted metabolomics analysis revealed that WZ enhanced the excretion of bile acids from serum and liver to intestine and feces. Genomics analysis of gut microbiome showed that WZ can reverse LCA-induced gut microbiome disorder to the normal level. In conclusion, WZ protects against LCAinduced cholestastic liver injury by reversing abnormal bile acids profiles and alteration of gut microbiome.展开更多
Objective:Schisandra sphenanthera and S.chinensis are the two important medicinal plants that have long been used under the names of"Nan-Wuweizi"and"Wuweizi",respectively.The misuse of"NanWuwe...Objective:Schisandra sphenanthera and S.chinensis are the two important medicinal plants that have long been used under the names of"Nan-Wuweizi"and"Wuweizi",respectively.The misuse of"NanWuweizi"and"Wuweizi"in herbal medical products calls for an accurate method to distinguish these herbs.Chloroplast(cp)genomes have been widely used in species delimitation and phylogeny due to their uniparental inheritance and lower substitution rates than that of the nuclear genomes.To develop more efficient DNA markers for distinguishing S.sphenanthera,S.chinensis,and the related species,we sequenced the cp genome ofS.sphenanthera and compared it to that of S.chinensis.Methods:The cp genome of S.sphenanthera was sequenced at the lllumina HiSeq platform,and the reference-guided mapping of contigs was obtained with a de novo assembly procedure.Then,comparative analyses of the cp genomes of S.sphenanthera and S.chinensis were carried out.Results:The cp genome of S.sphenanthera was 146853 bp in length and consisted of a large single copy(LSC)region of 95627 bp,a small single copy(SSC)region of 18292 bp,and a pair of inverted repeats(IR)of 16467 bp.GC content was 39.6%.A total of 126 functional genes were predicted,of which 113 genes were unique,including 79 protein-coding genes,30 transfer RNA(tRNA)genes,and four ribosomal RNA(rRNA)genes.Five tRNA,four protein-coding genes,and all rRNA were duplicated in the IR regions.There were 18 intron-containing genes,including six tRNA genes and 12 protein-coding genes.In addition,45 SSRs were detected.The whole cp genome of S.sphenanthera was 123 bp longer than that of S.chinensis.A total of 474 SNPs and 97 InDels were identified.Five genetic regions with high levels of variation(Pi>0.015),trnS-trnG,ccsA-ndhD,psbI-trnS,trnT-psbD and ndhF-rpl32 were revealed.Conclusion:We reported the cp genome ofS.sphenanthera and revealed the SNPs and InDels between the cp genomes of S.sphenanthera and S.chinensis.This study shed light on the species identification and further phylogenetic study within the genus of Schisandra.展开更多
基金supported by the Foundation for the Author of National Excellent Doctoral Dissertation of PR China(No.200780)the Program for New Century Excellent Talents on University(No.NCET-06-0824)the Young Academic and Technical Leader Raising Foundation of Yunnan Province(No.2005py01-32).
文摘A new 3,4-seco-lanostane triterpenoid, schisanlactone G （1）, was isolated from the fruits of Schisandra sphenanthera. Its structure was established on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis.
基金The work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 20402016）；the Young Academic and Technical Leader Raising Foundation of Yunnan Province （No. 2005py01-32）；the Foundation of Excellent Ph.D. Dissertation of Chinese Academy of Sciences （No. O0602551221）；the Program for New Century Excellent Talents on University （No. NCET-06-0824）.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 81373470, 81573489, 81522047 and 81402998)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (No. 2015A030313124)
文摘Alcohol abuse leads to alcoholic liver disease and no effective therapy is currently available.Wuzhi Tablet(WZ), a preparation of extract from Schisandra sphenanthera that is a traditional hepatoprotective herb, exerted a significant protective effect against acetaminophen-induced liver injury in our recent studies, but whether WZ can alleviate alcohol-induced toxicity remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the contribution of WZ to alcohol-induced liver injury by using chronic-binge and acute models of alcohol feeding. The activities of ALT and AST in serum were assessed as well as the level of GSH and the activity of SOD in the liver. The expression of CYP2E1 and proteins in the NRF2-ARE signaling pathway including NRF2, GCLC, GCLM, HO-1 were measured, and the effect of WZ on NRF2 transcriptional activity was determined. We found that both models resulted in liver steatosis accompanied by increased transaminase activities, but that liver injury was significantly attenuated by WZ. WZ administration also inhibited CYP2E1 expression induced by alcohol, and elevated the level of GSH and the activity of SOD in the liver. Moreover, the NRF2-ARE signaling pathway was activated by WZ andthe target genes were all upregulated. Furthermore, WZ significantly activated NRF2 transcriptional activity. Collectively, our study demonstrates that WZ protected against alcohol-induced liver injury by reducing oxidative stress and improving antioxidant defense, possibly by activating the NRF2-ARE pathway.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81973392,81573489)the National Key Research and Development Program(No.2017YFE 0109900)+4 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong(No.2017A030311018)the 111 project(No.B16047)the Key Laboratory Foundation of Guangdong Province(No.2017B030314030)the Local Innovative and Research Teams Project of Guangdong Pearl River Talents Program(No.2017BT01Y093)the National Engineering and Technology Research Center for New drug Druggability Evaluation(Seed Program of Guangdong Province,No.2017B090903004)。
文摘Cholestasis is caused by the obstacle of bile formation or secretion and can develop into severe liver diseases. We previously reported the ethanol extract of Schisandra sphenanthera(Wuzhi tablet, WZ) can significantly protect against lithocholic acid(LCA)-induced intrahepatic cholestasis in mice, partially due to the activation of PXR pathway and promotion of liver regeneration.However, the effect of WZ on the bile acids profile and gut microbiome in cholestastic mice remain unknown. In this study, the effect of WZ against LCA-induced liver injury was evaluated and its effect on the bile acids metabolome and gut microbiome profiles in cholestastic mice was further investigated. Targeted metabolomics analysis was performed to examine the change of bile acids in the serum, liver, intestine and feces. The change of intestinal flora were detected by the genomics method. Targeted metabolomics analysis revealed that WZ enhanced the excretion of bile acids from serum and liver to intestine and feces. Genomics analysis of gut microbiome showed that WZ can reverse LCA-induced gut microbiome disorder to the normal level. In conclusion, WZ protects against LCAinduced cholestastic liver injury by reversing abnormal bile acids profiles and alteration of gut microbiome.
基金This study was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.81703650)the CAMS Initiative for Innovative Medicine(CAMS-I2M)(Grant No.2016-I2M-2-003).The funders had no role in study design,data collection and analysis,decision to publish,or preparation of the manuscript.
文摘Objective:Schisandra sphenanthera and S.chinensis are the two important medicinal plants that have long been used under the names of"Nan-Wuweizi"and"Wuweizi",respectively.The misuse of"NanWuweizi"and"Wuweizi"in herbal medical products calls for an accurate method to distinguish these herbs.Chloroplast(cp)genomes have been widely used in species delimitation and phylogeny due to their uniparental inheritance and lower substitution rates than that of the nuclear genomes.To develop more efficient DNA markers for distinguishing S.sphenanthera,S.chinensis,and the related species,we sequenced the cp genome ofS.sphenanthera and compared it to that of S.chinensis.Methods:The cp genome of S.sphenanthera was sequenced at the lllumina HiSeq platform,and the reference-guided mapping of contigs was obtained with a de novo assembly procedure.Then,comparative analyses of the cp genomes of S.sphenanthera and S.chinensis were carried out.Results:The cp genome of S.sphenanthera was 146853 bp in length and consisted of a large single copy(LSC)region of 95627 bp,a small single copy(SSC)region of 18292 bp,and a pair of inverted repeats(IR)of 16467 bp.GC content was 39.6%.A total of 126 functional genes were predicted,of which 113 genes were unique,including 79 protein-coding genes,30 transfer RNA(tRNA)genes,and four ribosomal RNA(rRNA)genes.Five tRNA,four protein-coding genes,and all rRNA were duplicated in the IR regions.There were 18 intron-containing genes,including six tRNA genes and 12 protein-coding genes.In addition,45 SSRs were detected.The whole cp genome of S.sphenanthera was 123 bp longer than that of S.chinensis.A total of 474 SNPs and 97 InDels were identified.Five genetic regions with high levels of variation(Pi>0.015),trnS-trnG,ccsA-ndhD,psbI-trnS,trnT-psbD and ndhF-rpl32 were revealed.Conclusion:We reported the cp genome ofS.sphenanthera and revealed the SNPs and InDels between the cp genomes of S.sphenanthera and S.chinensis.This study shed light on the species identification and further phylogenetic study within the genus of Schisandra.
