Assessment of Beauveria bassiana and Their Enzymatic Extracts against Metamasius spinolae and Cyclocephala lunulata in Laboratory

The application of enzymatic extracts and conidia of Beauveria bassiana in Metamasius spinolae and Cyclocephala lunulata was evaluated. The variables were mortality and time of death. In M. spinolae, mortality with extracts 29%, conidia 27% and the combination of both 31%, all had a time of death of four days. Although with different symptoms, used enzymatic extracts: contraction and softening of the joints;by conidia: mycelium in the joints;in the combination of conidia and enzymatic extracts: abundant aerial mycelium. In C. lunulata, 100% mortality in all treatments;Time of death: enzymatic extracts and extracts with conidia 1.2 days;conidia 2.8 days. Symptoms were different, enzymatic extracts: melanization and internal tissue lysis;enzymatic extract and conidia: mycelium emerged and melanization;conidia: mycelium emerged. Enzymatic extracts showed insecticidal activity in M. spinolae and C. lunulata. These results suggest the potential of enzymatic extracts as biocontrol agents to improve the use of entomopathogenic fungi.

意大利蜜蜂授粉对沙打旺结实率的影响

采用意大利蜜蜂(Apismellifera ligustica Spinola)对人工种植的黄河2号沙打旺进行授粉,确定10个固定样地,其中5个作为蜜蜂授粉样地,8月20日前将蜂箱运入授粉样方进行诱导授粉,9月末开花末期停止授粉。授粉试验表明:经蜜蜂授粉的沙打旺结实率为(94.04±2.71)%,显著高于未经蜜蜂授粉的沙打旺(5.06±0.87)%;授粉样方由于受气象因子影响结实率有所不同,结实率最高的样方5与最低的样方2相差7.1%。