Effect of Different Raw Material Processing Methods on the Quality of Apple Distilled Spirits

In this study,the effect of yeast strains(X16 and RMS2),fruit seed,and pectinase on the quality of apple distilled spirits were investigated with apple as material.The results showed that pectinase shortened the fermentation period.The strain X16,fruit seed remaining,and pectinase addition groups had higher yields of crude distilled spirits than the strain RMS2,fruit seed removal,and without pectinase groups,respectively.Regarding the first-grade distilled spirits quality,the X16 group had higher content of total acids,total esters,higher alcohols,and alcohol content than the RMS2 group;the group with fruit seeds had higher total acids but lower alcohol content and total esters than the group with fruit seed removal;the group with pectinase addition had higher total acids and alcohol content than the group without pectinase addition.Regarding the second-grade distilled spirits quality,the X16 group had higher total acids,total esters,and alcohol content than the RMS2 group;the group without fruit seeds had higher alcohol content than the group with fruit seeds;the group with pectinase addition showcased higher total acids but lower alcohol content than the group without pectinase addition.In summary,yeast strains and pectinase affected the quality of apple distilled spirits,and strain X16 was more suitable for brewing apple distilled spirits.Pectinase affected the quality of apple distilled spirits by affecting fermentation rate and temperature.

Entrepreneurial Spirit for China in the New Era and Strategies for Cultivation

What type of entrepreneurial spirit is needed for China’s new era,and how can we unlock its innovation potential?Answers to these questions will unleash vital forces to drive China’s high-quality economic development.After reviewing the theories,dimensions,features,and limitations of the entrepreneurial spirit in the Western context,we concluded that the entrepreneurial spirit in China’s new era,which is characterized by patriotism,innovation,trustworthiness,adherence to the law,fulfillment of social responsibilities,and a global horizon,has overcome the limitations that come with self-interested entrepreneurship in the context of Western economics.This is a major step forward in the development of theories on entrepreneurial spirit.In the development context of the new era,this paper argues that the entrepreneurial spirit should become an important force at the individual level to implement the new development concept,foster the new development paradigm,and promote high-quality development in the new stage.This paper provides answers to the question of what type of entrepreneurial spirit China’s new era requires.Finally,this paper presents basic strategies for cultivating entrepreneurial spirit in the context of China’s new era,emphasizing the importance to promote the healthy growth of young entrepreneurs,ensure their business autonomy,develop a multi-tiered capital market,implement the factor market reforms,improve the business climate,and accelerate the digital transition.

Integrated flotation therapy for emotional regulation during the viral recovery period: Applying “form and spirit co-nourishing” in Chinese medicine

Objective:The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of flotation therapy combined with psychological resilience training in improving emotional regulation and sleep quality in patients recovering from viral infections and to assess the application of the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)theory of“form and spirit co-nourishing”in modern healthcare interventions.Methods:A total of 20 patients recovering from viral infections with anxiety and sleep disturbances were randomly assigned to the experimental group(n=10)and the control group(n=10).The experimental group received a combination of resilience training,targeting five key areas:physiological regulation,cognitive restructuring,emotional management,self-efficacy,and social support,alongside flotation therapy,with 45-min weekly sessions.The control group received conventional medical treatment.Anxiety levels were measured using the Hamilton Anxiety Scale,while sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index,both before and after the intervention.Results:Compared with intervention before,the resilience level of the experimental group significantly increased after the intervention(P<0.001),while no notable changes were detected in the control group(P>0.05);the experimental group demonstrated significantly lower anxiety level and sleep disorder level and higher resilience level compared to the control group after the intervention(all P<0.001).Conclusion:The combined use of flotation therapy and resilience training,grounded in the TCM principle of“form and spirit co-nourishing,”significantly improves emotional regulation and sleep quality in patients recovering from viral infections.This integrative approach supports both physical and psychological healing,aligning with the TCM holistic treatment model,and offers a promising avenue for modern mental health interventions.

From Differential Mode of Association to Tianxia Worldview:A Study on Chinese Entrepreneurial Spirit

China has made significant strides in economic and social development since reform and opening up over the past four decades.This process has been influenced by the exceptional innovation and entrepreneurship of Chinese business leaders,as well as their profound sentiments of compassion for the world and their country.It is of great significance to foster and promote an entrepreneurial spirit with distinctive Chinese characteristics.Not only is such spirit essential to the high-quality development of enterprises and the economy,but it is also a critical impetus for achieving Chinese modernization.Nevertheless,there is still a paucity of adequate theoretical discourse on the cultural origins and entrepreneurial spirit of outstanding Chinese business leaders.This paper employs the classical grounded theory method to conduct a 10-year follow-up research on 11 representative entrepreneurs and their enterprises.The results indicate that these entrepreneurs exhibit an evolving worldview along the paths of“self-cultivation and moral conduct”,“assisting employees to achieve”,“multilateral symbiosis”,and“the oneness of existence”when interacting with themselves,employees,partners,the general public,and all things in nature.Such entrepreneurial spirit is embodied in this paper as the“Tianxia(all-under-heaven)worldview”.Through theoretical construction,this study defines the concept of“Tianxia worldview”and extensively examines the distinctions and connections between the broadminded“Tianxia worldview”and the kinship-centered“differential mode of association”in terms of internal structure,value orientation,and applicable groups.It is posited that the transition from the former to the latter is a continuous process of transcendence and evolution of the individual mindset.This study has theoretical significance in the context of advancing the research on the Chinese entrepreneurial spirit,transcending the constraints of the management approach based on the“differential mode of association”,and enhancing the research on social responsibility from the perspective of“benefit corporations”.It also has practical value in overcoming the trust dilemma and development impediment of family businesses,ensuring that enterprises consciously fulfill their social responsibilities in a broader social context,and achieving common prosperity and progress for both enterprises and society.

Classic Translation and Humanistic Spirit in the Age of AI

This article hopes to explore a question:in the era of artificial intelligence,do we still need traditional translation of canonical texts,and how is such translation possible?Artificial intelligence has an all-round impact on the world’s productivity,and translation is the first area to be challenged.With the increasing accuracy and optimization of big data computing,daily translation,business translation,simultaneous interpretation and even general academic translation are gradually being replaced by machine translation.In this context,whether the canon translation by scholars is still meaningful has become a question that must be asked.This article believes that translation of canonical texts will never be out of date,and it is precisely in this era that the canon translation with academic standards and humanistic spirit are more needed by academia and society.The contemporary task of canon translation is not only translation and introduction,but more importantly,the inheritance and construction of its own academic history and humanistic thoughts,as well as the understanding and cultivation of human history,civilization and humanistic spirit.

From Rejection to Embracement:The Catholic Perception of Spiritism in Brazil

The history of the relationship between Spiritism and Catholicism in Brazil can be traced through pivotal moments in the trajectory of the First Republic and the religious field since the 19th century,reflecting Brazil’s evolution into a modern,urban,and industrial society.Introduced to Brazil in the 1880s,Spiritism initially faced severe opposition from the Catholic Church,being dismissed as superstition and demon worship due to its engagement with death and spirits.Unlike Christianity,Spiritism denies the divinity of Jesus,the resurrection,and the sanctity of Church sacraments,viewing demons and angels merely as disembodied souls at different spiritual stages.Early perceptions were further complicated by the mixing of Spiritism with African and indigenous rites,which led critics to associate it with madness and mental health threats.However,the relationship between Catholicism and Spiritism in Brazil has evolved positively,particularly following the popularization of Spiritism by figures like Chico Xavier.Modern Brazilian society,characterized by increased education and religious syncretism,has grown more tolerant of diverse practices and beliefs,diminishing historical prejudices against Spiritists.This qualitative study,drawing on scholarly research and first-hand interviews,reveals that Spiritism's acceptance among Brazilian Catholics is due to its convergence with contemporary social values and the evolving profile of the average Catholic.Despite possessing a religion-like character,Spiritism is seen less as a distinct religion and more as a complementary set of practices and beliefs that enhance Catholic faith.This phenomenon mirrors the integration of Agama Hindu practices,reinforcing rather than undermining traditional religious identities.

Innovation and Practice of the Cultivation Mode of Application-Oriented Undergraduate Talents in Agricultural and Forestry Colleges under the Guidance of the Spirit of the Great Northern Wilderness

Heilongjiang reclamation area has made great progress since its development and construction, among which the agricultural and forestry colleges in China have played a key role in the input of talents for the production of reclamation area, and the spirit of the Great Wilderness has important strategic significance for the cultivation of agricultural and forestry talents. Taking Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University as an example, this paper analyzes the ways of the Great Northern Wilderness Spirit for cultivating application-oriented undergraduate talents in agricultural and forestry colleges, improving the curriculum system of undergraduate talents through innovation, strengthening the cultivation of students’ innovative ability, leading students’ scientific research and academic level, and enhancing students’ practical ability. To innovate the cultivation mode of application-oriented undergraduate talents in agricultural and forestry colleges under the guidance of the spirit of the Great Northern Wilderness, and to provide a reference mode for the cultivation of undergraduate talents in agricultural and forestry colleges in China.

Multidimensional Interpretation of National Spirit and Literary Education:Cultural and Educational Value of Color Symbols in Tolstoy’s Works

This article analyzes the symbolic colors red,white,and blue in Lev Tolstoy’s works,exploring their interrelation and educational significance in reflecting the Russian national spirit.The article first reviews the symbolic significance of red,white,and blue in Russian history,and then analyzes in depth the multiple connotations of colors in Tolstoy’s classic works Anna Karenina,War and Peace,and Resurrection.Through the combination of color symbols with characters’destinies,inner conflict,and historical background,this paper explores how Tolstoy’s literary works reflect the historical changes and national spirit of Russia,especially the important value in education and cultural inheritance,providing a new perspective for the study of literary education and emphasizing the educational role of color symbols in literary works in shaping national spirit and cultural identity.

The Spirit of Lei Feng

The spirit of Lei Feng is great.It's very important for us to have the spirit of Lei Feng.My friend Jim is very kind and helpful.He is always there to help others.I used to be too shy to speak in front of class.I always kept silent on myself^(1).So I didn't have any friends.Luckily,Jim tried his best to help me deal with my shyness.He always encouraged me to express myself bravely.What's more,he talked about everything I was interested with^(2).Now I'm more outgoing than I used to be.I dare talking^(3) in front of strangers.I will even join the speech competition.

Exploring the Role of Narrative Medicine in the Cultivation of Humanistic Spirit among Respiratory Medicine Interns

Objective:To explore the role of narrative medicine in cultivating the humanistic spirit of respiratory medicine interns.Methods:Thirty interns were selected,all of whom were received by the respiratory department of our hospital from September 2023 to June 2024 and underwent narrative medicine teaching.Scores on narrative medicine knowledge,empathy ability,humanistic care ability,and teaching recognition were compared before and after the internship.Results:Compared to before the internship,the interns’scores on narrative medicine knowledge were significantly higher after the internship,as were their empathy and humanistic care scores(P<0.05).Among the 30 interns,25 expressed interest in narrative medicine,and 29 were willing to continue with the narrative medicine teaching model.Conclusion:The application of narrative medicine in respiratory medicine internship teaching is highly effective.It cultivates the humanistic spirit of interns,improves their empathy and humanistic care abilities,and is worthy of wider implementation.

Analysis of the Spirit of Struggle in the New Era Based on General Secretary Xi Jinping’s New Year’s Greetings in the Past Decade

In order to realize the national rejuvenation,General Secretary Xi Jinping attaches great importance to the spiritual strength of struggle,and has repeatedly advocated that all people should exalt the spirit of strive on different occasions.According to his New Year’s greetings since 2014,Xi Jinping has illustrated the connotation of the spirit of enterprising,the necessity of carrying forward and the requirements for practicing the spirit of struggle from different perspectives,pointing out that all Chinese must keep in mind both domestic and international situations,strive in unity,work creative and industrious with the enthusiasm of seizing every minute,catch the opportunity and solve the problem,make substantial progress on the new journey to construct China into a great modern socialist country in all respects.

Study on the Spirits of University Teachers

The paper intends to study the formation of the spirit of independence, curiosity, innovation and benevolence which the university teachers in Medieval Europe had under the specific social and historical conditions. Based on this, by contrast the current crisis of spirits of medieval university teachers in modem society, the paper also analyzes the reasons and tries to find out the mechanism to cultivate the spirit of the university teachers in modem society.

The Spirit of Craftsmanship and Industrial Civilization

The spirit of craftsmanship applies to every trade. In the context of opportunities arising from the new industrial revolution and China＇s transition towards high-end manufacturing, Premier Li Keqiang put forward the concept of the spirit of craftsmanship. This paper reckons that the spirit of craftsmanship can be defined from six dimensions including dedication, standard, precision, innovation, perfection and human care. In fact, the spirit of craftsmanship abounds in China, as illustrated by the examples of Tongrentang and Haier. In comparing the three manufacturing powers of Germany, Japan and the United States, this paper reveals the differences in the connotations of the spirit of craftsmanship across these countries. According to specific national conditions and development stage, China must achieve structural re-engineering of corporate organizations at the level of firms, products, divisions and modules. In a nutshell, the spirit of craftsmanship is a core component of corporate and industrial civilization and it holds an important historic position in industrial and social civilization.

Humanistic Spirit Contained in Traditional Chinese Medicine should Be Valued

Medicine is a science studying human's health and diseases as well as the regularity between them. Its research subject is human, who possess natural attribute, psychological attribute and social attribute. Therefore, medicine is bound to possess humanistic attribute. Rooted in Chinese traditional culture, Traditional Chinese Medicine contains abundant humanistic thoughts, for instance, pursuing the unity of human and nature, advocating the vital importance of life, sticking to the virtue of "medicine being humane art", abiding by the principle of "Benevolence prior to interest", complying with the medical rule of "Respecting peers". These are the very concrete reflections of medical humanistic spirit. In this article we aim to explore the humanistic thoughts contained in Traditional Chinese Medicine, and try to inherit and carry forward the spirit to better relieve the tensions between doctors and patients and improve the quality of medical services.

六力互动钻石型SPIRIT教学支持服务体系研究

围绕如何全方位提升教学质量这一事关现代远程开放教育是否能健康发展的问题,本文在探索和实践的基础上,提出了"完善教学支持服务,实施教学质量推进工程,打造内涵可持续发展"的工作思路,认为通过重塑教学支持服务体系可以统筹远程开放教育的教学质量提升,构建了由"两个环境、三条主线、六项支撑"搭成的"六力互动钻石型SPIRIT教学支持服务体系",分析了远程教育施教机构应该围绕该支持服务体系大力实施教学质量推进工程的主要运作措施,并以重庆广播电视大学为例对该体系提升教学质量的效果进行了实证检验,得出该SPIRIT支持服务体系建设对提升远程教育教学质量具有重要的应用价值和可推广性。

19世纪中国人关于基督教God/Spirit汉译问题的讨论

如何用汉语词翻译圣经中的God(Elohim/Theos)和Spirit(ruach/pneuma)?近代以来,就成为讨论的问题,被称为"术语问题"。不过,学界一般认为这只是外籍传教士内部的争论,中国学者并未参与。其实,查阅当时的资料就会发现,中国人对这个问题也一直进行着认真的讨论。19世纪四五十年代,何进善、徐继?、洪秀全等就使用了"上帝"、"神天"、"天父"、"真神"等译名。19世纪70年代末,更多学者参与其中,福州征文活动和《万国公报》起了推波助澜的作用,使讨论达到高潮,这个时期出现了"造化主"、"真宰"等译名。中国学者的主张具有深厚的民族文化底蕴,表现了鲜明的民族特色,对中西文化交流产生重要的推动意义。

人工智能干预临床试验研究方案报告规范指南:SPIRIT-AI扩展版(2020)解读

临床试验研究方案的公开与发表有利于提高临床试验研究设计与方法报告的透明度,提高临床试验研究质量,并最终促使试验结果顺利通过同行评议、得到大量推广与应用。为更好地规范临床试验研究方案,临床试验研究方案报告规范指南[Standard Protocol Items:Recommendations for Interventional Trials,SPIRIT](2013)应运而生。2020年9月8日,涉及人工智能(AI)干预的SPIRIT(SPIRIT-AI)扩展版(2020)正式在线发表。SPIRIT-AI扩展版(2020)是在SPIRIT(2013)的基础上进行的扩增,并经历成立工作组、邀请并获取参与者知情同意、生存初始条目清单、德尔菲调查、共识会议和撰写六个步骤;共对12个条目进行了延伸,对另外3个条目进行了更详细阐述,有助于AI干预试验研究方案的撰写和报告,提高AI干预临床试验方案的透明度和完整性,并最终提高临床干预试验质量。现本研究对SPIRIT-AI扩展版(2020)进行解读,以期为相关研究工作者的实践应用提供借鉴和帮助。

"Skeleton" and "Spirit" of Architecture——With the Library in Henan University of Urban Construction as a Study Case

This study,taking the library in Henan University of Urban Construction for an example,points out that constant elements in the evaluation system of architecture are its "skeleton" and "spirit",that is,"space" and "spirit of place".Through analyzing the significant role of space in modern architecture and the appeal of spirit of place to construction users,it is explained that space and spirit of place are closely related and mutually dependent.

Landscape Pattern and Its Spirit of Place under the Influence of Zen Doctrine——Analysis and Evaluation of Landscape Environment of Wenshu Temple in Chengdu City of China

The paper had illustrated current status of Chinese temple gardens and background of Wenshu Temple in Chengdu City,analyzed that landscape spatial pattern of Wenshu Temple was characterized by introverted enclosed quadrangle courtyard including religious activity zone,life activities zone and garden rest zone.It also discussed the influences of artistic conception of Zen on spirit of place of landscape space in the perspectives of Zen architectural factors,introverted national culture,religious color of architectural space,and cultural landscape.It had proposed that there existed imperfections in later management of greening and landscaping in Wenshu Temple,and some problems such as enclosed space and isolated space from surrounding historical and cultural carrier.It pointed out that landscape perseverance was a long process and it should not restrict to protection of internal environment of carrier space but should enhance restoration of external part and relevant parts to display cultural and economic value of historical and cultural carrier.

An Analysis of Huck's Rebellious Spirit in Mark Twain's the Adventures of Huckleberry Finn

The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is one of the most famous works of Mark Twain. It is a story about a white boy Huck who helps a black slave Jim to get rid of misery life. He is so outright,kind-hearted,and pure that showes big difference with the rigid and cruel society.Through an analysis of Huck's rebellious spirit,this paper intends to reveal the violent conflict between the traditional concept and Huck's kind consciousness,and to lead a deep thinking of social problems such as social discrimination,social morals,etc. In the meantime,the title character's strong rebelling feature plays an important role in the future literary writing. Huck has become the antihero in American literature. Furthermore,Huck wants for freedom and natural life. He isn't afraid to break the laws of society. This kind of rebellion of spirit even has a realistic sense at present days.