As a highly integrative and demanding receptive skill,listening comprehension presents a challenge to both learners and researchers.The study reported in this paper is listening comprehension objective-factor research...As a highly integrative and demanding receptive skill,listening comprehension presents a challenge to both learners and researchers.The study reported in this paper is listening comprehension objective-factor research.Manipulating topic factors,the study investigated the effect of topic familiarity and linguistic difficulty on EFL(English as a foreign language)listening comprehension of learners at different proficiency levels.展开更多
Objective This study is to examine the influence of familiarity on energy intake, eating behavior, and concentration of the plasma gut hormones in lean and overweight young male subjects. Methods Twenty-eight lean and...Objective This study is to examine the influence of familiarity on energy intake, eating behavior, and concentration of the plasma gut hormones in lean and overweight young male subjects. Methods Twenty-eight lean and twenty-eight overweight participants were recruited. Their food consumption was documented and analyzed when they had a test meal while they were paired with friends or strangers at the same weight stature. Their eating behavior was recorded with cameras hidden in the carton, and postprandial plasma gut hormone concentration were measured. Results Compared with overweight strangers（OS）, overweight friends（OF） had increased food consumption, prolonged and decreased number of chews per 10 g food. Compared with OS, postprandial plasma concentration of cholecystokinin-8 was significantly lower in OF group at 30, 60, and 90 min, whereas the concentration of glucagon-like peptide 1 was significantly lower at 60 and 90 min. Plasma ghrelin concentration was significantly higher in the OF group than that in the OS group at 90 and 120 min. No significant differences in gut hormone concentration were observed between lean strangers（LS） and lean friends（LF） groups at all time points. Conclusion Familiarity plays an important role in increasing energy intake and in changing of postprandial gut hormone concentration in overweight individuals.展开更多
With the rapid development of social networks, there is a focus on marketing strategies and business models that are based on social media. In the academic world, scholars believe that online trust is a key factor con...With the rapid development of social networks, there is a focus on marketing strategies and business models that are based on social media. In the academic world, scholars believe that online trust is a key factor contributing to online purchasing behavior. This article explored several factors in social media trust and verified the moderating role of offline familiarity by using relevant research on online trust in conjunction with a structure equation model. The results show that independent variables such as reputation, SNS interaction, information quality, reciprocity, satisfaction and shared values have a positive influence on trust, whereas perceived similarity does not, and information quality is the most important factor. In addition, offline familiarity significantly moderates the relations between information quality, reciprocity, reputation, shared values and social media trust. This information is important to assist companies in developing an effective social network marketing strategy.展开更多
Idiopathic nondementing Parkinson’s disease (PD) is marked by progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta and ventral tegmental area. Recent brain imaging work implicates these stru...Idiopathic nondementing Parkinson’s disease (PD) is marked by progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta and ventral tegmental area. Recent brain imaging work implicates these structures in dopamine modulated networks subserving episodic memory. These findings are of relevance to PD because they suggest that dopamine depletion contributes to the disease-dependent decline in episodic memory, and therefore, this decline should, at least partially, be remediated by dopaminergic medication. Recognition memory (RM), recollection and familiarity during recognition was examined in 17 PD patients, 12 of whom were medicated with a D2 dopamine agonist (pramipexole or ropinirole) and l-dopa, with a further 5 PD control patients on l-dopa but no D2 agonist. Memory was tested “ON” and, following a period of medication withdrawal, “OFF” and compared to a group of 14 matched healthy volunteers (HV). The HVs were also tested twice in the absence of medication. The patients on the agonists PD showed significant impairments in recollection ON- and OFF-medication, whereas the l-dopa control patients exhibited a decline in OFF-recollection only. RM and familiarity were spared in both groups ON- and OFF-medication. These findings suggest that D2 dopamine agonists (combined with l-dopa) contribute to disease-dependent episodic memory impairment.展开更多
Ease of use is one of the main criteria that customers consider when making a purchase decision.To provide a pleasant experience to the customers,offering products or services consisting of advanced features and funct...Ease of use is one of the main criteria that customers consider when making a purchase decision.To provide a pleasant experience to the customers,offering products or services consisting of advanced features and functions is no longer enough,due to the existing competition in the global market.In reality,the ease of use of any product is influenced by the conditions of the product and the familiarity of the user.This study examines the influence of the familiarity and the product conditions on the ease of use of a product.This only explains how the conditions of the product and the familiarity of the user,influence on the ease of use of a product when the usage hours of a product increases.A case study would be conducted to validate the results.The results of this study indicate that in the case where both the product conditions and the familiarity has been varied,the ease of use of the product has been increased from 0.229 to 0.380 gradually within the 10 weeks period.Through these results valuable guidance could be obtained by the manufacturers to identify how the ease of use level of a product deviates from the standard level when the usage hours of the product would increase.展开更多
The high-quality development of tourism aims to improve tourists'sense of well-being and fulfillment.The improvement of tourists'sense of well-being will not only enable tourists to obtain positive emotional e...The high-quality development of tourism aims to improve tourists'sense of well-being and fulfillment.The improvement of tourists'sense of well-being will not only enable tourists to obtain positive emotional experiences but is also an important way to improve their quality of life.However,the existing research has not yet reached a clear conclusion on how tourists'sense of well-being is formed,whether tourists'sense of well-being will spill over(i.e.,knowledge sharing)after tourists obtain it,and whether the destination familiarity brought by the spillover of sense of well-being(i.e.,knowledge sharing)will affect other tourists.Therefore,based on the experience marketing theory and the embodiment theory,this paper empirically examines the formation and spillover effect of tourists'sense of well-being through structural equation modeling(SEM).The research shows that:(a)Subject presence has a positive effect on tourists'sense of well-being,which further promotes knowledge sharing and realizes the spillover of tourists'sense of well-being,and tourists'sense of well-being plays a mediating role between subject presence and knowledge sharing;(b)Destination familiarity resulting from the spillover of sense of wellbeing(i.e.,knowledge sharing)plays a negative moderating role in the positive impact of subject presence on tourists'sense of well-being.This paper not only expands the boundaries of research on tourists'sense of well-being and embodiment theory to some extent but also provides theoretical support and countermeasures for the high-quality development of China's tourism and even service industry.展开更多
Dilated cardiomyopathy（DCM）is characterized by the dilated heart chambers and reduced systolic function in the absence of specific aetiology[1].Approximately one third of DCM cases are hereditary.In recent years,DCM...Dilated cardiomyopathy（DCM）is characterized by the dilated heart chambers and reduced systolic function in the absence of specific aetiology[1].Approximately one third of DCM cases are hereditary.In recent years,DCM concomitant with arrhythmias and sudden death resulting from gene mutation has been widely展开更多
Objective To study the clinical and genetic features of familiar amyloid polyneuropathy (FAP). Methods Three families of suspected FAP in China mainland and Macao were investigated on aspects of clinical manifestation...Objective To study the clinical and genetic features of familiar amyloid polyneuropathy (FAP). Methods Three families of suspected FAP in China mainland and Macao were investigated on aspects of clinical manifestations, histological features, and gene analysis. Results All the 3 families had the clinical features of sensory and motor polyneuropathies, and notable vegetative nerve involvements. Affected cases of one family had ultrasound proved cardiomyopathy. Histological studies showed amyloid deposition in all the biopsy tissues of the affected cases of the 3 families, and anti-transthyretin antisera staining was positive in 3 cases of one family. Gene analysis confirmed that mutation types were amyloidogenic transthyretin (ATTR) Val30Met, Phe33Val, and Gly67Glu in the 3 families respectively. The ATTR Gly67Glu family had a shorter survival time due to the heart involvement compared with the other 2 families. Conclusion FAP is an autosomal dominant inherited disease, with its clinical manifestations related to the type of genetic mutation.展开更多
Communal eating reportedly induces changes in food-related behaviors such as increased consumption and alleviation of indefinite complaints. Here, we examined the influence of intimacy with co-eaters on the palatabili...Communal eating reportedly induces changes in food-related behaviors such as increased consumption and alleviation of indefinite complaints. Here, we examined the influence of intimacy with co-eaters on the palatability of the food and the physiological taste thresholds. The study was a single-blind crossover trial with 16 healthy women aged 18 - 19 years (two close friends × 8) as participants. We examined the effect of four preset conditions with regard to taste (condition 1 = tasting alone;condition 2 = tasting with a friend;condition 3 = tasting with three unfamiliar individuals;condition 4 = tasting with a friend and two unfamiliar individuals). Electrical taste thresholds were measured pre-and post-eating. The subjective evaluation of taste did not show any significant difference between the four conditions (p > 0.05). However, the electrical taste threshold significantly decreased when eating with close friends (p < 0.05). As a factor associated with the meal environment, co-eating with family or friends appears to influence tastiness;however, in the present study, it showed no effect on the perception of taste. Nevertheless, eating with friends significantly decreased the electrical taste threshold and enhanced the perception of taste. Decrease in the electrical taste threshold was observed only when eating with a close friend;it was not observed when eating with other people and showed no association with the total number of individuals co-eating.展开更多
This study conducted an eye-tracking experiment on processing different patterns of Chinese familiar metonymy in sentential contexts.It analyzes five eye-tracking measures concerning the processing of metonymy.The res...This study conducted an eye-tracking experiment on processing different patterns of Chinese familiar metonymy in sentential contexts.It analyzes five eye-tracking measures concerning the processing of metonymy.The results indicate that different patterns of metonymy experience different processing processes under a sentential-context condition,and results in prototype effects.The main finding is that Spatial Part&Whole metonymy is more prototypical than other three patterns of metonymy,i.e.,Container and Contained,Location and Located,Entity and Adjacent Entity,and that the effect of metonymy pattern on the processing is stable and observable.It concludes that contextual information facilitates the processing of non-prototypical metonymy,but restrain the processing of prototypical metonymy.展开更多
文摘As a highly integrative and demanding receptive skill,listening comprehension presents a challenge to both learners and researchers.The study reported in this paper is listening comprehension objective-factor research.Manipulating topic factors,the study investigated the effect of topic familiarity and linguistic difficulty on EFL(English as a foreign language)listening comprehension of learners at different proficiency levels.
基金supported by the Scientific Research Fund Project of Qiqihar Medical University under grant No.QY2016M-17.The study of social effects on energy intake and plasma gut hormone concentration
文摘Objective This study is to examine the influence of familiarity on energy intake, eating behavior, and concentration of the plasma gut hormones in lean and overweight young male subjects. Methods Twenty-eight lean and twenty-eight overweight participants were recruited. Their food consumption was documented and analyzed when they had a test meal while they were paired with friends or strangers at the same weight stature. Their eating behavior was recorded with cameras hidden in the carton, and postprandial plasma gut hormone concentration were measured. Results Compared with overweight strangers（OS）, overweight friends（OF） had increased food consumption, prolonged and decreased number of chews per 10 g food. Compared with OS, postprandial plasma concentration of cholecystokinin-8 was significantly lower in OF group at 30, 60, and 90 min, whereas the concentration of glucagon-like peptide 1 was significantly lower at 60 and 90 min. Plasma ghrelin concentration was significantly higher in the OF group than that in the OS group at 90 and 120 min. No significant differences in gut hormone concentration were observed between lean strangers（LS） and lean friends（LF） groups at all time points. Conclusion Familiarity plays an important role in increasing energy intake and in changing of postprandial gut hormone concentration in overweight individuals.
文摘With the rapid development of social networks, there is a focus on marketing strategies and business models that are based on social media. In the academic world, scholars believe that online trust is a key factor contributing to online purchasing behavior. This article explored several factors in social media trust and verified the moderating role of offline familiarity by using relevant research on online trust in conjunction with a structure equation model. The results show that independent variables such as reputation, SNS interaction, information quality, reciprocity, satisfaction and shared values have a positive influence on trust, whereas perceived similarity does not, and information quality is the most important factor. In addition, offline familiarity significantly moderates the relations between information quality, reciprocity, reputation, shared values and social media trust. This information is important to assist companies in developing an effective social network marketing strategy.
文摘Idiopathic nondementing Parkinson’s disease (PD) is marked by progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta and ventral tegmental area. Recent brain imaging work implicates these structures in dopamine modulated networks subserving episodic memory. These findings are of relevance to PD because they suggest that dopamine depletion contributes to the disease-dependent decline in episodic memory, and therefore, this decline should, at least partially, be remediated by dopaminergic medication. Recognition memory (RM), recollection and familiarity during recognition was examined in 17 PD patients, 12 of whom were medicated with a D2 dopamine agonist (pramipexole or ropinirole) and l-dopa, with a further 5 PD control patients on l-dopa but no D2 agonist. Memory was tested “ON” and, following a period of medication withdrawal, “OFF” and compared to a group of 14 matched healthy volunteers (HV). The HVs were also tested twice in the absence of medication. The patients on the agonists PD showed significant impairments in recollection ON- and OFF-medication, whereas the l-dopa control patients exhibited a decline in OFF-recollection only. RM and familiarity were spared in both groups ON- and OFF-medication. These findings suggest that D2 dopamine agonists (combined with l-dopa) contribute to disease-dependent episodic memory impairment.
文摘Ease of use is one of the main criteria that customers consider when making a purchase decision.To provide a pleasant experience to the customers,offering products or services consisting of advanced features and functions is no longer enough,due to the existing competition in the global market.In reality,the ease of use of any product is influenced by the conditions of the product and the familiarity of the user.This study examines the influence of the familiarity and the product conditions on the ease of use of a product.This only explains how the conditions of the product and the familiarity of the user,influence on the ease of use of a product when the usage hours of a product increases.A case study would be conducted to validate the results.The results of this study indicate that in the case where both the product conditions and the familiarity has been varied,the ease of use of the product has been increased from 0.229 to 0.380 gradually within the 10 weeks period.Through these results valuable guidance could be obtained by the manufacturers to identify how the ease of use level of a product deviates from the standard level when the usage hours of the product would increase.
基金supported by the Sichuan Social Science Planning Project (General Project)“Research on the Development of Rural Tourism Sharing Economy in Sichuan from the Perspective of Rural Revitalization Strategy and All-for-one Tourism” (SC20B133)the Humanities and Social Sciences Research Special Fund Cultivation Project (2022-2023RW021)of Southwest Petroleum University。
文摘The high-quality development of tourism aims to improve tourists'sense of well-being and fulfillment.The improvement of tourists'sense of well-being will not only enable tourists to obtain positive emotional experiences but is also an important way to improve their quality of life.However,the existing research has not yet reached a clear conclusion on how tourists'sense of well-being is formed,whether tourists'sense of well-being will spill over(i.e.,knowledge sharing)after tourists obtain it,and whether the destination familiarity brought by the spillover of sense of well-being(i.e.,knowledge sharing)will affect other tourists.Therefore,based on the experience marketing theory and the embodiment theory,this paper empirically examines the formation and spillover effect of tourists'sense of well-being through structural equation modeling(SEM).The research shows that:(a)Subject presence has a positive effect on tourists'sense of well-being,which further promotes knowledge sharing and realizes the spillover of tourists'sense of well-being,and tourists'sense of well-being plays a mediating role between subject presence and knowledge sharing;(b)Destination familiarity resulting from the spillover of sense of wellbeing(i.e.,knowledge sharing)plays a negative moderating role in the positive impact of subject presence on tourists'sense of well-being.This paper not only expands the boundaries of research on tourists'sense of well-being and embodiment theory to some extent but also provides theoretical support and countermeasures for the high-quality development of China's tourism and even service industry.
基金the funds of "the Youth Fund of Nantong Health Bureau 2015",ID:WQ2015009
文摘Dilated cardiomyopathy（DCM）is characterized by the dilated heart chambers and reduced systolic function in the absence of specific aetiology[1].Approximately one third of DCM cases are hereditary.In recent years,DCM concomitant with arrhythmias and sudden death resulting from gene mutation has been widely
文摘Objective To study the clinical and genetic features of familiar amyloid polyneuropathy (FAP). Methods Three families of suspected FAP in China mainland and Macao were investigated on aspects of clinical manifestations, histological features, and gene analysis. Results All the 3 families had the clinical features of sensory and motor polyneuropathies, and notable vegetative nerve involvements. Affected cases of one family had ultrasound proved cardiomyopathy. Histological studies showed amyloid deposition in all the biopsy tissues of the affected cases of the 3 families, and anti-transthyretin antisera staining was positive in 3 cases of one family. Gene analysis confirmed that mutation types were amyloidogenic transthyretin (ATTR) Val30Met, Phe33Val, and Gly67Glu in the 3 families respectively. The ATTR Gly67Glu family had a shorter survival time due to the heart involvement compared with the other 2 families. Conclusion FAP is an autosomal dominant inherited disease, with its clinical manifestations related to the type of genetic mutation.
文摘Communal eating reportedly induces changes in food-related behaviors such as increased consumption and alleviation of indefinite complaints. Here, we examined the influence of intimacy with co-eaters on the palatability of the food and the physiological taste thresholds. The study was a single-blind crossover trial with 16 healthy women aged 18 - 19 years (two close friends × 8) as participants. We examined the effect of four preset conditions with regard to taste (condition 1 = tasting alone;condition 2 = tasting with a friend;condition 3 = tasting with three unfamiliar individuals;condition 4 = tasting with a friend and two unfamiliar individuals). Electrical taste thresholds were measured pre-and post-eating. The subjective evaluation of taste did not show any significant difference between the four conditions (p > 0.05). However, the electrical taste threshold significantly decreased when eating with close friends (p < 0.05). As a factor associated with the meal environment, co-eating with family or friends appears to influence tastiness;however, in the present study, it showed no effect on the perception of taste. Nevertheless, eating with friends significantly decreased the electrical taste threshold and enhanced the perception of taste. Decrease in the electrical taste threshold was observed only when eating with a close friend;it was not observed when eating with other people and showed no association with the total number of individuals co-eating.
基金the Humanities and Social Sciences Fund of Guangdong Province During the 13th-Year Plan(GD16YWW03)the Humanities and Social Sciences Fund of the Ministry of Education(16YJC740038)the National Social Science Fund of China(17CYY003).
文摘This study conducted an eye-tracking experiment on processing different patterns of Chinese familiar metonymy in sentential contexts.It analyzes five eye-tracking measures concerning the processing of metonymy.The results indicate that different patterns of metonymy experience different processing processes under a sentential-context condition,and results in prototype effects.The main finding is that Spatial Part&Whole metonymy is more prototypical than other three patterns of metonymy,i.e.,Container and Contained,Location and Located,Entity and Adjacent Entity,and that the effect of metonymy pattern on the processing is stable and observable.It concludes that contextual information facilitates the processing of non-prototypical metonymy,but restrain the processing of prototypical metonymy.
