HOW TO DEVELOP "SPORTS AND FITNESS FOR THE MASSES"APPLYING THE SUPERIORITY OF PE INSTITUTES IN CHINA

Taking the exploration of superiority of PE institutes’sports facilities and equipment as a subject,this study is to search for a way to make full use of the advantages of PE institutes to serve for the development of " sports and fitness for the masses" throughout the country. PE institutes have their superiority of sports facilities and equipment,human resources and natural environment to serve for the development of sports and the fitness activity throughout the country.

Physical activity, physical fitness, and body mass index in the Chinese child and adolescent populations： An update from the 2016 Physical Activity and Fitness in China The Youth Study

In this special issue of the Journal of Sport and Health Science,analyses of the most recent national prevalence estimates from the 2016 Physical Activity and Fitness in China—The Youth Study(PAFCTYS)are presented.These include the prevalence of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity(MVPA)。

Body Mass Index and Health Related Physical Fitness in Saudi Girls and Adolescents Aged 8 - 15 Years

Health related physical fitness (HRPF) is considered to be an indirect marker of a person’s health and wellbeing, reflecting the interplay and integration of many persons’ systems and body functions. Purpose: To investigate the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and HRPF in a national cross-sectional sample of Saudi girls and adolescents. Methods: Weight, height and four components of HRPF (body fat composition, strength and endurance, flexibility and cardio-respiratory fitness) were measured in three age groups [(8 - 10), (11 - 12) and (13 - 15) years]. Pearson correlation coefficient and regressions analysis using a non-linear quadratic model were used to evaluate the relationship between BMI and HRPF in three age groups. Results: The results revealed variable relationships among tests. Lower scores in body fat composition and cardio-respiratory fitness were associated with higher body mass indexes in each age group. Also lower scores in muscle strength and endurance were recorded in girls aged from 11 to 15 years. Relationships between BMI and flexibility differed among age groups. Conclusion: BMI significantly and differentially influenced individual HRPF, but effects varied with age. Higher body mass indexes were generally associated with lower HRPF. The level of HRPF determined by this study may serve as an indicator of potential health risks that overweight and obese children girls and adolescents faced.

Mediation role of cardiorespiratory fitness on the association between fatness and cardiometabolic risk in European adolescents: The HELENA study

Purpose:This study was aimed to analyze the mediation role of cardiorespiratory fitness(CRF)on the association between fatness and cardiometabolic risk scores(CMRs)in European adolescents.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted in adolescents(n=525;46%boys;14.1±1.1 years old,mean ±SD)from 10 European cities involved in the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence study.CRF was measured by means of the shuttle run test,while fatness measures included body mass index(BMI),waist to height ratio,and fat mass index estimated from skinfold thicknesses.A clustered CMRs was computed by summing the standardized values of homeostasis model assessment,systolic blood pressure,triglycerides,total cholesterol/highdensity lipoprotein cholesterol ratio,and leptin.Results:Linear regression models indicated that CRF acted as an important and partial mediator in the association between fatness and CMRs in 1217-year-old adolescents(for BMI:coefficients of the indirect role b=0.058(95%confidence interval(95%CI):0.023-0.101),Sobel test z=3.11(10.0%mediation);for waist to height ratio:b=4.279(95%CI:2.242-7.059),z=3.86(11.5%mediation);and for fat mass index:b=0.060(95%CI:0.020-0.106),z=2.85(9.4%mediation);all p<0.01).Conclusion:In adolescents,the association between fatness and CMRs could be partially decreased with improvements to fitness levels;therefore,CRF contribution both in the clinical field and public health could be important to consider and promote in adolescents independently of their fatness levels.

Associations between Health-Related Fitness and Cardio-Metabolic Blood Profiles in Low-Income Children

Children from low-income families have a higher incidence for developing early onset cardio-metabolic disease risk factors. Optimal levels of health-related fitness may attenuate risk, but little research has examined its relationships with individual cardio-metabolic blood markers in low-income children. The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence and correlates of unfavorable cardio-metabolic blood profiles in children from low-income families. Data were collected and analyzed on 124 children (mean age = 10.4 ± 0.9 years;57 girls, 67 boys;97% Hispanic) recruited from three urban Title I schools from the state of Utah in the US Health-related fitness. Measures were collected using the validated FITNESSGRAM fitness test battery. The Cholestech LDX system was used to analyze students’ total cholesterol (TC), LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides (TRI), and blood glucose (BG). Capillary blood samples via finger sticks were collected while each student was in a fasted state before school hours. Unfavorable measurements were defined as TC ≥ 200 mg/dL, LDL ≥ 130 mg/dL, HDL 150 mg/dL, and BG ≥ 100 mg/dL (pre-diabetes). Approximately 5.3% of the total sample had unfavorable TC, 16.7% had unfavorable HDL, 16.0% had unfavorable LDL, 15.2% had unfavorable TRI, and 25.4% had unfavorable BG (pre-diabetes). Pearson’s chi-square tests revealed no significant differences between sexes on any unfavorable classification after alpha level adjustment (p > 0.01). When all parameters were analyzed as continuous variables, Spearman’s rank correlation revealed a statistically significant linear relationship between aerobic fitness and LDL in boys (rs = -?0.65, p - 0.46, p < 0.01), and between BMI and BG in girls (rs = 0.56, p < 0.01). Aerobic fitness relates to LDL cholesterol in low-income boys and BMI relates to HDL cholesterol and BG in low-income girls.

An Efficient and Enjoyable Way for Physical Fitness Development among Women at Midlife

The aim of the study was to examine the effect of Newcomb ball (also known by the name of catchball) training on the physical fitness of women at midlife. One hundred and eighteen women, aged 29 - 45 yrs, were assigned to an experimental group (EG) or a control group (CG), and completed two similar sets of tests before and after seven months of training. The EG performed two Newcomb ball training sessions per week that included technical and tactical drills with and without the ball, small sided games and full games at different variations. The CG remained non-active throughout the seven months. Leg power, arm power, agility, speed, and aerobic scores were significantly higher for the EG compared to the CG at baseline (p < 0.001 for all). EG showed significant training-related improvement in arm power (5.3 ± 0.9 vs 5.6 ± 0.9 m), agility (10.68 ± 0.95 vs 10.37 ± 0.89 sec), speed (4.11 ± 0.45 vs 4.01 ± 0.33 sec), and aerobic fitness (563 ± 328 vs 680 ± 378 m) (ES = 0.45 – 0.61, p < 0.001 for all), while no significant changes, except for a significant increase in arm power (ES = 0.42, p < 0.05), were found for the CG in any of the other fitness variables. The findings indicate that amateur Newcomb ball training can be used as an efficient and enjoyable tool for fitness development among midlife women.

Urban Leisure Sports:A New National Fitness Route

It has highlighted the innovative and opening orientation of the social sport development in the targets of constructing new normal of the social sport development.Therefore,taking the urban leisure sports as a brand new direction of breakthroughs,the social natural resources and ecological environment shall be effectively integrated to improve the inherent quality of the urban sport culture in order to meet the new demands and new standards for the social sport development of modern urban community.The effective integration of the ecological civilization and the national fitness will forma new tendency and a new trend of the coordinated development to make the urban leisure sport development a key complement to the construction and exploration of the route for the national fitness so as to improve the inherent quality of the national fitness and drive the progress of the diversified development and construction of the social sport culture.

Enhanced Surveillance for National (Handicapped) Sports Games in Wakayama, Japan 2015

Introduction: We undertook enhanced surveillance of the 2015 Kinokuni Wakayama National Sports Games (70th National Sports Games) and the Kinokuni Wakayama Handicapped Sports Games (15th National Handicapped Sports Games) held in Wakayama prefecture in 2015, for which this paper presented operational details and an evaluation. Methods: Enhanced surveillance conducted involved (Nursery) School Absenteeism Surveillance system ((N)SASSy), Prescription Surveillance, and Ambulance Transfer Surveillance from 30 August through 9 November. We evaluated those surveillances on all days including weekends, integrated the results as a daily report, and published it on the web. Results: We found no cluster or cases requiring more tracing and investigation except for suspected cases of rubella in (N)SASSy. Moreover, no moderate aberration was found for two consecutive days for the same area and symptom. Conclusion: Our experience with this enhanced surveillance presents important lessons for countermeasures by local governments for mass gatherings or politically important events.

全民健身公共服务治理的智慧化转型、升级与实现路径

智慧化转型和升级是全民健身公共服务体系迈向更高水平的现代化需要,也是纾解服务供需矛盾、信息不对称等现实困境的人民美好生活需求.基于整体性治理、组织变革等理论依托,全民健身公共服务政府组织主要从治理理念、治理方式、治理体系、治理主体4个层面实现智慧化转型.运用文献查阅、案例分析和分类比较等方法,综合应用数字化信息技术,对原有资源布局和功能布局、健身载体空间、健身指导、赛事活动形式和场馆运营管理等内容实现智慧升级.研究认为,实现路径主要包括:完善全国智慧健身信息服务体系,建设品质化“智慧社区健身中心”,打造场景化运动体验空间,分层分类制定智慧标准化等,进而推动全民健身公共服务的现代化治理和更高水平的发展.

我国体育非物质文化遗产保护探赜

运用文献资料法、逻辑分析法等,探究我国体育非遗保护现状、困境,并提出保护路径。现状:完善的顶层设计提供了政策保障,多样化的保护措施构建了多元化保护模式,产业化发展模式推动保护工作可持续发展。困境:机制建设不完善,业态融合不足,保护场域受限制,传承主体难以为继。路径:加强机制建设,营造良好环境;加强业态融合,全面激活动力;融入当代生活,展现时代价值;完善传承机制,增强存续力。

从技术赋能到整体重塑:公共体育服务数字化治理的模式重构、组织变革及推进机制

数字时代我国公共体育服务从“技术赋能”到“整体重塑”的数字化进程被视为一个重塑多元主体治理关系及其能力的演变历程,对于提高公共体育服务供给效率具有重要意义。运用文献资料法、逻辑分析法等厘清了公共体育服务数字化治理的基本内涵及现存困境,重新审视了其模式重构的核心维度,深入阐释了其组织变革的动因特征,重点讨论了其推进机制的实践要素。研究认为:理念重构、价值重构、方式重构等形成模式重构的核心维度;管理思维转换、运行范式转换、决策方式转换等构成组织变革的动因特征;管理机制、考核机制、协调机制等为推进机制的实践要素。

韩国生活体育发展历程、成效及启示

运用文献资料等研究方法,梳理韩国生活体育的发展历程,厘清其现行主要支持项目和成效,期冀为中国全民健身高质量发展提供参考。研究结果:韩国通过不断完善生活体育相关的政策法规,最直接的成效是扩大了体育基础设施、体育人口以及民众的体育与健康意识逐步提高,从而不同程度地增进国民健康水平,降低老龄化带来的高额医疗费用支出,并带动体育产业的发展。但也存在无法满足私营部门的需求和供给、体育福利扩散过程中存在显著地区间差异等问题。启示:构建标准化顶层设计,加强融合服务;以需求为主,扩大体育基础设施建设;构建宣传与志愿者服务体系;制定国民体力认证标准,创新激励机制。