Orchard Sports Injury and Illness Classification System (OSIICS) Version 15

Background:Sports medicine(injury and illnesses)requires distinct coding systems because the International Classification of Diseases is insuf-ficient for sports medicine coding.The Orchard Sports Injury and Illness Classification System(OSIICS)is one of two sports medicine coding systems recommended by the International Olympic Committee.Regular updates of coding systems are required.Methods:For Version 15,updates for mental health conditions in athletes,sports cardiology,concussion sub-types,infectious diseases,and skin and eye conditions were considered particularly important.Results:Recommended codes were added from a recent International Olympic Committee consensus statement on mental health conditions in athletes.Two landmark sports cardiology papers were used to update a more comprehensive list of sports cardiology codes.Rugby union protocols on head injury assessment were used to create additional concussion codes.Conclusion:It is planned that OSIICS Version 15 will be translated into multiple new languages in a timely fashion to facilitate international accessibility.The large number of recently published sport-specific and discipline-specific consensus statements on athlete surveillance warrant regular updating of OSIICS.

Orientation and Decision-Making for Soccer Based on Sports Analytics and AI:A Systematic Review

Due to ever-growing soccer data collection approaches and progressing artificial intelligence(AI) methods, soccer analysis, evaluation, and decision-making have received increasing interest from not only the professional sports analytics realm but also the academic AI research community. AI brings gamechanging approaches for soccer analytics where soccer has been a typical benchmark for AI research. The combination has been an emerging topic. In this paper, soccer match analytics are taken as a complete observation-orientation-decision-action(OODA) loop.In addition, as in AI frameworks such as that for reinforcement learning, interacting with a virtual environment enables an evolving model. Therefore, both soccer analytics in the real world and virtual domains are discussed. With the intersection of the OODA loop and the real-virtual domains, available soccer data, including event and tracking data, and diverse orientation and decisionmaking models for both real-world and virtual soccer matches are comprehensively reviewed. Finally, some promising directions in this interdisciplinary area are pointed out. It is claimed that paradigms for both professional sports analytics and AI research could be combined. Moreover, it is quite promising to bridge the gap between the real and virtual domains for soccer match analysis and decision-making.

An integrated spatial planning of the mountainous landscapes for ski sports in a case area at the eastern Türkiye

Mountainous regions have disadvantages in economic development because of harsh physical and climatic conditions.However,winter tourism activities are one of the key components for supporting economic development in the highlands.Establishing a ski resort area supports direct and indirect employment in a region,and it stops immigration from mountainous regions to other places.This research aimed to assess the potential ski areas using a multi criteria evaluation technique in the Van region which is located in the eastern part of Türkiye.In this context,snow cover duration,sun effect,slope,slope length,elevation,population density,distance from main roads and lake visibility were used as input factors in the decision making process.Each factor was standardized using a fuzzy technique based on existing well-known ski centers in Türkiye.The weight of inputs was defined by applying a survey to the professional skiers.The most important factors were detected as transportation opportunities and snow covers whereas,the least important factors were elevation and population density.Additionally,lake visibility was very important to make a difference from other existing facilities in the region.Therefore,it was included as constraints and lake visible areas were extracted at the final stage of the research.Potential ski areas were mapped in three levels as professional,intermediate and beginner skiers.One of the suitable areas was selected as a sample projection and for the 3D simulation of the ski investment area.Potential costs and benefits were discussed.It was found that a ski tourism area investment can be amortized in 3 years in the region.

Enhanced Surveillance for National (Handicapped) Sports Games in Wakayama, Japan 2015

Introduction: We undertook enhanced surveillance of the 2015 Kinokuni Wakayama National Sports Games (70th National Sports Games) and the Kinokuni Wakayama Handicapped Sports Games (15th National Handicapped Sports Games) held in Wakayama prefecture in 2015, for which this paper presented operational details and an evaluation. Methods: Enhanced surveillance conducted involved (Nursery) School Absenteeism Surveillance system ((N)SASSy), Prescription Surveillance, and Ambulance Transfer Surveillance from 30 August through 9 November. We evaluated those surveillances on all days including weekends, integrated the results as a daily report, and published it on the web. Results: We found no cluster or cases requiring more tracing and investigation except for suspected cases of rubella in (N)SASSy. Moreover, no moderate aberration was found for two consecutive days for the same area and symptom. Conclusion: Our experience with this enhanced surveillance presents important lessons for countermeasures by local governments for mass gatherings or politically important events.

Research on Sports Public Service Supply in the Chengdu-Chongqing Twin-City Economic Circle under the Background of Regional Economic Development

Using literature,questionnaires,interviews,and mathematical statistics to investigate the current situation of sports public services in the Chengdu-Chongqing Twin-city Economic Circle.The results show that there are some problems in Chengdu-Chongqing sports public services,such as big difference in the development level of supply between urban and rural areas,low supply level,low efficiency,supply mechanism defect,lack of social sports instructors,an outstanding contradiction between the quality of sports public service and residents’demand.To address the problems,government departments should accelerate the transformation of government functions,improve the relevant regulations and systems,increase the investment in sports public services,improve the quality of supply,cultivate the backbone team,integrate resources,and combine the national characteristics with regional characteristics,take into account the personalized needs of the residents,combine the sports public services with intelligence,and build the service system of“Internet+Fitness.”

转型期我国有效体育需求不足问题研究

运用问卷调查及资料分析的方法研究转型期我国有效体育需求发展的水平及社会经济环境。结果表明,转型期虽然我国的有效体育需求水平呈总体上升趋势,但体育消费额占居民收入和消费总支出的比例还很小,整个体育产业对GDP的贡献是很有限的。加快完善社会保障体制的步伐,努力提高低收入者的可支配收入,增强居民的体育消费意识,完善体育市场服务体系,政府运用税收手段调节体育商品供给是提高我国有效体育需求的有效手段。

丝裂霉素C对粘膜损伤修复作用的实验研究

目的 观察高浓度和长时间接触丝裂霉素C(MitomycinC ,MMC)对创面损伤修复的作用,以期为临床上MMC的合理应用提供依据。方法 将使用同种方法致鼻粘膜损伤的4 0只兔随机分为4组,每组10只。分别为生理氯化钠溶液对照组(A)和3组MMC实验组,B组药物浓度0 .4mg·ml-1、接触时间5min ;C组药物浓度0 .4mg·ml-1、留置;D组浓度2 .0mg·ml-1、接触时间5min。术后1月对各组粘膜愈合情况、病理形态学变化进行观察。结果 A组9例粘连,B组仅有2例粘连发生,B组与A组比较差异具有显著性的意义(P <0 .0 5 )。C组、D组均未有粘连发生。C组有6例鼻中隔穿孔,D组2例。光镜和电镜检查显示:A组成纤维细胞大量增殖,B组、C组、D组的成纤维细胞增殖受到抑制,B组创面修复良好,C组、D组中可见大量坏死细胞,粘膜上皮不连续,D组有结构异常的合胞纤毛和裸纤毛出现。结论 MMC能有效的抑制成纤维细胞增殖,但是高浓度和长时间接触MMC对于创面愈合均有不良影响。应用浓度0 .4mg·ml-1MMC ,接触时间5min对于鼻粘膜修复是安全、简单而有效的。

Scientific evidence is just the starting point: A generalizable process for developing sports injury prevention interventions

Background: The 2 most cited sports injury prevention research frameworks incorporate intervention development, yet little guidance is available in the sports science literature on how to undertake this complex process. This paper presents a generalizable process for developing implementable sports injury prevention interventions, including a case study applying the process to develop a lower limb injury prevention exercise training program(Footy First) for community Australian football.Methods: The intervention development process is underpinned by 2 complementary premises:(1) that evidence-based practice integrates the best available scientific evidence with practitioner expertise and end user values and(2) that research evidence alone is insufficient to develop implementable interventions.Results: The generalizable 6-step intervention development process involves(1) compiling research evidence, clinical experience, and knowledge of the implementation context;(2) consulting with experts;(3) engaging with end users;(4) testing the intervention;(5) using theory; and(6)obtaining feedback from early implementers. Following each step, intervention content and presentation should be revised to ensure that the final intervention includes evidence-informed content that is likely to be adopted, properly implemented, and sustained over time by the targeted intervention deliverers. For Footy First, this process involved establishing a multidisciplinary intervention development group, conducting 2targeted literature reviews, undertaking an online expert consensus process, conducting focus groups with program end users, testing the program multiple times in different contexts, and obtaining feedback from early implementers of the program.Conclusion: This systematic yet pragmatic and iterative intervention development process is potentially applicable to any injury prevention topic across all sports settings and levels. It will guide researchers wishing to undertake intervention development.

高职院校排球环境的培植与训练分析

高职教育是高等教育体系的另一种高级人才培养体系,其目标是培养应用型、技能型、管理型高级人才。现代人才应具备能力、体力、心理三方面最基本素质与条件。体育运动环境的培植与运动队建设是体育教育体系的重要组成部分。经过培植的运动环境更能使学生的能力、体力、心理得到培养与锻炼。经过对排球运动的环境培植、运动队建设、取得的比赛成绩以及对学生体育兴趣调查、对比,证明体育兴趣的形成与培植在直接关系,经过培植后的运动环境既有序, 而且专业,氛围良好,在高职教育中较其它专业更具有全面、直接的优点。

中日美英普通高校社会体育专业的比较研究

日本、美国和英国普通高校社会体育专业都是为了适应本国社会发展对体育人才的新需求而产生并发展起来的。细化专业方向,以满足新形势下社会对不同体育人才的需求,是日美英3国社会体育专业培养目标的共同趋向。以培养复合型人才为指导思想,合理构建课程结构,重视公共基础课程,课程小型化与多样化,加大选修课的比重,减小必修课的比重,是日美英3 国社会体育专业课程设置的共同特征。随着全面建设小康社会进程的日益加快,我国普通高校社会体育专业应细化专业设置,更新培养目标,优化课程设置,以适应我国社会进步对体育人才的新需求。

经济全球化对我国体育产业影响以及相应对策的研究

阐述了国内体育产业的现状,及经济全球化以后,体育产业迎来难得的发展机遇,市场的开发和国外资本的进入有利于体育产业向产业化、社会化方向发展,加速产业结构的调整和优化,提高产品的竞争能力。同时,也面临一定的挑战,我国企业规模、产品质量、技术水平与国外同行相比差距较大,国外资本的进入和体育产品的投资使国内一些企业受到较大的冲击甚至被淘汰出局。因此,建议有关部门有计划逐步的开放市场,进行行业保护,加大培育体育经营商、建立体育产业投资基金,对拓展体育产业投资发展空间,促进体育产业的发展具有重要意义。

影响中国女子竞技体育发展的文化学因素分析

体育是社会文化的一个重要组成部分,我国竞技体育成绩的取得在很大程度上依赖于女子运动员的发挥。运用文献资料、理论分析等方法,从性别文化学角度揭示出社会文化与女子竞技体育的关系,探究影响女子竞技体育发展的深层因素,即个人因素、家庭因素和社会因素的影响,从而使人们更清晰认识中国妇女体育发展所处的环境,加深对女子竞技体育的理解。

营养补充对运动性低血色素大鼠血清、组织铜蓝蛋白及血清铁等铁代谢指标变化规律的研究

为了探寻营养补充对运动性低血色素大鼠铜蓝蛋白与铁代谢指标变化的规律,以大鼠为实验对象,采用跑台作为运动方式建立运动性低血色素大鼠模型,并对大鼠进行营养干预,对其血清、组织中的铜蓝蛋白以及铁代谢相关指标进行测定。实验结果表明:长时间的运动训练导致运动性低血色素大鼠血清铜蓝蛋白、转铁蛋白明显上升,铁蛋白明显下降,而且与血清铁浓度具有较高的相关性,说明血清铜蓝蛋白、铁蛋白、转铁蛋白可以反映机体铁代谢情况;运动训练导致运动性低血色素大鼠组织铜蓝蛋白含量与血清铜蓝蛋白变化不一致;营养补剂的干预显著降低了运动性低血色素大鼠血清铜蓝蛋白、转铁蛋白含量,提高了血清铁及铁蛋白含量,表明抗贫血铁制剂复合营养补剂对提高大鼠铁贮备和维持大鼠铁代谢稳定具有积极作用。

新生儿窒息后血清心肌肌钙蛋白I的检测及其意义

目的 探讨血清心肌肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)评估新生儿窒息后的心肌损害的临床价值。方法 采用ELISA法对 2 0例窒息新生儿和 2 5例正常新生儿进行cTnI检测 ,同时检测肌酸磷酸激酶同功酶 (CK -MB)。结果 窒息组急性期血清cTnI、CK -MB水平明显高于对照组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,且窒息时间越长 ,血清cTnI、CK -MB水平升高越明显 ,cTnI诊断新生儿窒息后心肌损伤的特异性均优于CK -MB。结论 血清cTnI和CK -MB的测定有助于早期预测心肌细胞损害 ,cTnI优于CK

肋间神经压榨止痛的实验与临床研究

目的探讨压榨肋间神经对开胸术后切口疼痛的止痛效果。方法建立家兔肋间神经压榨损伤模型,观察病理改变及修复过程,寻找出可供临床应用的最佳压榨程度。按此过程采用随机双盲法将210例开胸手术患者随机分为肋间神经压榨组(A组),压榨+药物浸润组(B组)和对照组。A组在关胸前常规钳夹切口及其上下各一肋间以及放置引流管的肋间神经根部,根据视觉模拟评分法观察术后切口疼痛及度冷丁使用情况;B组在A组的基础上将布吡卡因5ml浸润引流管处的肋间神经干;对照组未行钳夹或药物浸润止痛。B组和对照组的其他处理同A组。三组患者分别于术后第3,7,15和30d测定动脉血氧饱和度。结果随着钳夹程度的加大神经轴索髓鞘的病理损害逐渐加重,但4～6周后均恢复正常;将血管钳锁至第3牙,维持60s能够有效止痛。临床应用中A组、B组止痛效果极为满意,术后3d内镇痛优良率分别为97.1%和98.6%,对照组为0%,A组、B组优良率明显高于对照组(P<0.001,0.001);A组和B组间比较差别无统计学意义(P=0.897)。度冷丁用量A组为40.20±4.12mg,B组为35.42±3.31mg,对照组为135.10±8.17mg,A组、B组度冷丁用量明显低于对照组(P<0.01)。三组患者动脉血氧饱和度差别无统计学意义(P=0.475)。结论钳夹肋间神经操作方法简单,止痛迅速而持久,可改善呼吸功能,

面向21世纪我国高校体育改革的6个问题的新思考

主要采用文献资料法、专家调查法和经验总结法,收集近年来国外高等教育改革的信息和我国高等学校教育教学改革的经验与研究成果,结合我国高校的具体情况进行分析比较,通过分析我国高校体育教育现状,指出了我国大学体育课存在的6个问题,同时从课程创新观念、教学内容、高校体育的目标定位、考核与评价方式、课外体育群体活动中的组织管理、高水平运动队的办学模式与竞赛体制6个方面提出了我国高校体育改革的建议。

The Impact of Sports Games on the Psychological Health of Middle School Students

This study conducted a 16-week comparative experiment with 160 students from Jinan No.5 Middle School in Shandong Province as the experimental subjects.During the implementation of the experiment,the subjects were divided into two groups:an experimental group and a control group.The experimental group was subjected to physical exercise interventions using sports game teaching methods during physical education class,while the control group followed traditional physical education teaching methods.The results showed that the psychological health status of the students in the experimental group was significantly better than that of the control group after the experiment.The application of sports games helps to improve the psychological health of middle school students in the course of physical education,promoting a positive and forward direction in student psychology and is an effective means to enhance the psychological health level of middle school students.

尿甘氨酰脯氨酸二肽氨基肽酶测定对老年急性脑卒中患者早期肾损害的临床应用

目的研究尿甘氨酰脯氨酸二肽氨基肽酶(GPDA)诊断老年急性脑卒中患者早期肾损害的临床应用价值。方法选择老年急性脑卒中患者57例,正常人对照组30例,其中脑卒中患者分为轻、中、重三组,采用GPDA连续监测法,分别对其尿中GPDA活性进行测定并与其他反映早期肾损害的指标N-乙酰β-D氨基葡萄糖苷酶(NAG)及尿微量白蛋白(UMA)相比较。结果脑卒中患者尿液GPDA的水平[(57.4±33.9)u/(g.Cr)]显著高于正常人对照组的水平[(21.5±16.9)u/(g.Cr),P<0.01],尿GPDA活性与脑卒中的严重程度有关。尿GPDA与NAG及UMA均呈显著正相关(r=0.690,r=0.647,P<0.01)。结论尿液GPDA测定是一项新的监测急性脑卒中早期肾损害的敏感指标。

影响我国竞技体育战略选择的内外部因素分析

采用文献资料法和逻辑分析法,分别从项目布局与管理、后备人才培养体系、科学训练与技战术创新、区域体育发展、管理体制和基础保障条件六个方面,从经济因素、社会因素、政府因素、大众体育和世界竞技体育发展趋势五个方面,对影响我国竞技体育战略选择的内外部因素进行了系统分析,旨在为新时期我国竞技体育发展战略的制定与选择提供参考。

职业性三氯乙烯中毒分析

目的:了解近年来深圳市宝安区职业性三氯乙烯(trichloroethylene ,TCE)中毒发病和死亡情况,为三氯乙烯中毒预防和机理研究提供依据。方法:以1 993～2 0 0 3年诊断的三氯乙烯中毒病人为研究对象,分析患者年龄、性别、工龄、累积时间加权浓度、行业等构成特征。结果:TCE中毒病人共83例,其中1 4人死亡,病死率1 6.9%。TCE职业中毒病例临床表现有如下共同特征:1、发热;2、皮肤损害,以弥漫性斑丘疹最为常见,严重者发展为表皮坏死松解症;3、化学性肝脏损伤,主要表现为血清转氨酶等指标显著增高;4、潜伏期为3 0d左右;5、无明显的男女性别差异,无明显的年龄构成差异;6、有明确的接触TCE职业史,但无明显的剂量-反应关系;7、尿三氯乙酸与中毒无明确对应关系,中毒患者三氯乙酸浓度不一定超标,超标者也不一定有临床表现。结论:TCE引起的职业损伤是本区的主要危害因素之一,其所引起的病症与传统的毒理学描述不同。