The Dilemma and Path of China's Sports Management System in the New Era

Strong in sports is strong in China,and the prosperity of sports is the prosperity of country.Sports embody the dream of national strength and revitalization,which is not only the true meaning of national strength,but also an important component of people's healthy and happy lives.Since the 18th Party Congress of the Communist Party of China,General Secretary Xi Jinping has delivered a number of important speeches on sports reform and development,as well as a series of important instructions and comments.China's sports management framework is essentially complete,the sports management mechanism has been improved,and the legalization has been developed.Despite China’s success in sports governance,there are still issues that need to be addressed,such as the conflict between administration and sports management,the imperfection of the relevant sports legislation system,the lack of methods for utilizing modern technology,and unified approach to sports development.This paper will examine the evolution of sports governance in China,analyze its problems.Finally,in response to the existing problems,investigate some viable options for promoting the development of sports in China.

Sports Management Education in Turkish Universities, Analysis of Undergraduate Programs

The aim of the study is to examine the undergraduate program courses of the universities providing training in Sports Management in Turkey. In this study, electronic screening method was used via web sites of universities. 80 Sports Management Departments （SMD） were found and only 20 of them which were up to date were analyzed. 2016-2017 academic year curriculums were examined. All universities examined were state universities. The courses were grouped as Compulsory-Elective, Theoretical-Practical and Total number of course-hour and credit. The percentages of the courses were calculated over the total course hours for that group.

Development of a Sports Safety Promotion Framework Based on KABP Theory and 4M Management

This study explores the significance,current research landscape,and conceptualization of sports safety promotion.Safety in sports is fundamental to youth physical activities,and an excessive focus on or neglect of safety is unwarranted.Globally,numerous countries have extensively researched sports safety promotion and implemented diverse strategies.Drawing from KABP(Knowledge,Attitude,Behavior,Practice)theory and 4M(Man,Machine,Medium,Management)management,this paper presents a conceptual framework for sports safety promotion.It integrates these theories to devise a comprehensive accident prevention model within a sports safety promotion system.The framework prioritizes enhancing students’safety literacy and underscores the practical application of safety knowledge and skills in simulated sports settings following structured safety education.It aims to enhance students’competency and proficiency in averting sports-related injuries.

The Comparative Study on the Subject Librarians System of University Libraries at Home and Abroad

本文通过对国内外高校图书馆学科馆员的职责、素质、管理模式和服务模式等进行比较研究，提出构建阶梯式学科馆员服务模式。

Management of achilles tendon injury: A current concepts systematic review

Achilles tendon rupture has been on the rise over recent years due to a variety of reasons. It is a debilitating injury with a protracted and sometimes incomplete recovery. Management strategy is a controversial topic and evidence supporting a definite approach is limited. Opinion is divided between surgical repair and conservative immobilisation in conjunction with functional orthoses. A systematic search of the literature was performed. Pubmed, Medline and EmB ase databases were searched for Achilles tendon and a variety of synonymous terms. A recent wealth of reporting suggests that conservative regimens with early weight bearing or mobilisation have equivalent or improved rates of re-rupture to operative regimes. The application of dynamic ultrasound assessment of tendon gap may prove crucial in minimising re-rupture and improving outcomes. Studies employing functional assessments have found equivalent function between operative and conservative treatments. However, no specific tests in peak power, push off strength or athletic performance have been reported and whether an advantage in operative treatment exists remains undetermined.

New Attempt for Building Rural Water Environment Management System Based on the Investigation and Analysis of Water Environment in Xianxia Town, Yudu County

Water environment is a part of ecological environment, and conservation of water environment has always been a focus of public attention in China, but water environment management in the vast countryside has been stuck in bottleneck. Based on the fi eld investigation in Xianxia Town, Yudu County, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, this paper explored the current situation of local water environment and the management diffi culties, then introduced the holistic view to integrate the linkage of government, market and society, proposed the universality of the individual case, and the new attempt centering on urban-rural integrated water environment management system with public participation mechanism, management subjects' benefit balance and coordination system, marketing operation mechanism and economic incentive mechanism as the extension.

Risk Management Strategy for Agricultural Operation Subjects in Simple Scale Expansion Mode

Agricultural operation subject is a main body of the market economy. At present,the simple scale expansion mode is a major mode of agricultural operation in China. According to some hypothesis,scale expansion will inevitably bring high income,but such hypothesis has serious defects. The operation mechanism of the simple scale expansion mode includes farmer operation mechanism,professional farmer operation mechanism,and " company + farmers" operation mechanism. In the production and operation,they will be faced with different natural risks,technical risks,market risks and policy risks. Besides,their risk control ability is also varied. Therefore,it is required to take different agricultural risk management strategies. The " company + farmers" production and operation subjects have the highest ability of risk management. Other subjects should learn their experience.

Managing Innovation in the Sports Equipment Industry： Upstream Process Management

The point under study is the first of such a nature. This paper investigates the management of innovation adopted by the European leader in sports equipment： Decathlon （Oxylane Group）. In recent years, vertical integration push and innovation have secured the company＇s leadership and success in a number of sports markets throughout Europe. It now has 909 stores located globally. Oxylane Group designs, manufactures, and sells sports products for sports people worldwide. It offers fitness, dance, gymnastics, and combat sports products; bicycles, equipment, and accessories; team sports products; nautical and water sports products （surf sports, diving, sailing, and kayaking products）; swimming products; mountain sports products （for hiking, mountain trailing, camping, skiing, and snow shoe hiking）; skiing and snowboarding products （for snowboarders and skiers）; and climbing and mountaineering products. The company is now a direct challenger for world sports leaders. Since the end of the 1990＇s, Decathlon different sports brands have not taken a unique and rational path to success. The company has built insights about its customers, identified and evaluated unique market opportunities, and prepared a bold game plan to seize them. By doing so, Decathlon has developed a stream of winning products. The process of new business creation generally splits into two parts： an upstream process （sensing and creating opportunities） and a downstream process （converting the selected opportunities into successful products）. Most businesses have a formal process implemented to manage the downstream part. Few that people know of have set up an equivalent process like Oxylane and Decathlon to sense and create new opportunities in the sports equipment industry. The aim of the paper is to examine how the brand has developed two of its successful product： the tent two seconds and the wetsuit ＂Inergy＂. These two products are chosen as examples to understand how the upstream process articulate with the downstream one.

An Empirical Study of the Earnings Management of the Enterprises Taking Sports Industry as the Main Business： Based on USA Listed Companies

This study combines the listed companies which regard the sports industry as the main business with eamings management which is the current hot issue in the study of corporate governance at home and abroad to explore corporate governance of the enterprises taking sports industry as the main business. By summarizing and analyzing the relevant theory, the study establishes a hypothesis, designs empirical models, and verifies the hypothesis using the data of USA listed companies. Empirical results show that enterprises taking the sports industry as the main business have a higher degree of earnings management, due to the high growth potentials of this type of enterprise.

Impact of Chinese social transformation on the reform of social st）orts management system

China after the efforts of reform and opening up for 30 years, has established a relatively complete featuring system of sports administration, providing a system of protection for sports development in China. With the further improvement of the socialist market economy, the existing sports administrative functions are incompatible with the economic and social side of the market gradually. The current sports administrative functions can no longer adapt to the development and deeper reforms of sports system are imminent. Only by speeding up the reform of sports administration, can eliminate obstacles and promote rapid and healthy development of China＇s sports industry. In this paper, the object is the administrative functions of the sport in the social transformation period, through expert interviews, literature, and logical analysis, comparative study to discuss the problems of the administrative functions of sport in the social transformation period and propose appropriate countermeasures. Studies suggest that： sports administration departments should focus to implementing national policies, the development of the sports industry policy research and development planning, management and delivery of services. In accordance with the uniform principles of responsibility, rights and interests, to further clarify the responsibilities of all levels of sports administration, handling good working relationship between them. By Complete separation between rowing and steering, governance and administration, government and industry, to achieve ＂four transformations＂, and to break plan ＂all-round＂ type of government in the economic system, and establish ＂limited＂ government, effectively carry out the functions of guidance, policy regulation, market supervision, social management and public services.

基于“SPORTS”模式的大学英语听说教学改革探索

鉴于当前听说教学中存在的诸多困境,教改活动从主体式与技能化的教学目标、项目式与实践性的教学方式、专业化与选择性的教学内容、多模态与推荐性资源整合的教学平台以及教师监控与目标达成性的教学评价和管理等5大维度入手,希冀助力学生体验英语学习的成功和可持续发展,简称为SPORTS教学模式。通过解读SPORTS模式的理念内涵和三步走的实践操作构想,明晰SPORTS模式的理论架构与实践落实。

Lower limb stress fractures in sport:Optimising their management and outcome

Stress fractures in sport are becoming increasing more common,comprising up to 10%of all of sporting injuries.Around 90%of such injuries are located in the lower limb.This articles aims to define the optimal management of lower limb stress fractures in the athlete,with a view to maximise return rates and minimise return times to sport.Treatment planning of this condition is specific to the location of the injury.However,there remains a clear division of stress fractures by"high"and"low"risk."Low risk"stress fractures are those with a low probability of fracture propagation,delayed union,or non-union,and so can be managed reliably with rest and exercise limitation.These include stress fractures of the PosteroMedial Tibial Diaphysis,Metatarsal Shafts,Distal Fibula,Medial Femoral Neck,Femoral Shaft and Calcaneus."High risk"stress fractures,in contrast,have increased rates of fracture propagation,displacement,delayed and non-union,and so require immediate cessation of activity,with orthopaedic referral,to assess the need for surgical intervention.These include stress fractures of the Anterior Tibial Diaphysis,Fifth Metatarsal Base,Medial Malleolus,Lateral Femoral Neck,Tarsal Navicular and Great Toe Sesamoids.In order to establish the optimal methods for managing these injuries,we present and review the current evidence which guides the treatment of stress fractures in athletes.From this,we note an increased role for surgical management of certain high risk stress fractures to improve return times and rates to sport.Following this,key recommendations are provided for the management of the common stress fracture types seen in the athlete.Five case reports are also presented to illustrate the application of sportfocussed lower limb stress fracture treatment in the clinical setting.

Research on Mobile Internet Mobile Agent System Dynamic Trust Model for Cloud Computing

This paper analyzes the reasons for the formation of security problems in mobile agent systems, and analyzes and compares the security mechanisms and security technologies of existing mobile agent systems from the perspective of blocking attacks. On this basis, the host protection mobile agent protection technology is selected, and a method to enhance the security protection of mobile agents (referred to as IEOP method) is proposed. The method first encrypts the mobile agent code using the encryption function, and then encapsulates the encrypted mobile agent with the improved EOP protocol IEOP, and then traces the suspicious execution result. Experiments show that using this method can block most malicious attacks on mobile agents, and can protect the integrity and confidentiality of mobile agents, but the increment of mobile agent tour time is not large.

Fractures in sport: Optimising their management and outcome

Fractures in sport are a specialised cohort of fracture injuries, occurring in a high functioning population, in which the goals are rapid restoration of function and return to play with the minimal symptom profile possible. While the general principles of fracture management, namely accurate fracture reduction, appropriate immobilisation and timely rehabilitation, guide the treatment of these injuries, management of fractures in athletic populations can differ significantly from those in the general population, due to the need to facilitate a rapid return to high demand activities. However, despite fractures comprising up to 10% of all of sporting injuries, dedicated research into the management and outcome of sport-related fractures is limited. In order to assess the optimal methods of treating such injuries, and so allow optimisation of their outcome, the evidence for the management of each specific sport-related fracture type requires assessment and analysis. We present and review the current evidence directing management of fractures in athletes with an aim to promote valid innovative methods and optimise the outcome of such injuries. From this, key recommendations are provided for the management of the common fracture types seen in the athlete. Six case reports are also presented to illustrate the management planning and application of sport-focussed fracture management in the clinical setting.

Mobile Internet Mobile Agent System Dynamic Trust Model for Cloud Computing

In mobile cloud computing,trust is a very important parameter in mobile cloud computing security because data storage and data processing are performed remotely in the cloud.Aiming at the security and trust management of mobile agent system in mobile cloud computing environment,the Human Trust Mechanism(HTM)is used to study the subjective trust formation,trust propagation and trust evolution law,and the subjective trust dynamic management algorithm(MASTM)is proposed.Based on the interaction experience between the mobile agent and the execution host and the third-party recommendation information to collect the basic trust data,the public trust host selection algorithm is given.The isolated malicious host algorithm and the integrated trust degree calculation algorithm realize the function of selecting the trusted cluster and isolating the malicious host,so as to enhance the security interaction between the mobile agent and the host.Given algorithm simulation and verification were carried out to prove its feasibility and effectiveness.

A Framework for Designing and Managing a Best-of-N Sports Tournament

A framework is provided for analyzing the time and resource requirements for a tournament where matches are played to a best-of-N format, to ensure maximal use of available facilities and a maximal number of competitors. A baseline of average length of games and number of games played per match is necessary. The analysis informing development of the framework was carried out in the context of the sport of golf croquet. Based on the results of this analysis, golf croquet tournaments should have four best-of-three matches scheduled per court per day to optimize playing time and minimize the need to play matches outside regular playing hours.

Management of Innovation Process in Services： Micro and Small Enterprises of the Metropolitan Region of Campinas

This study aimed to explore how processes of innovation are perceived and managed in micro and small service-oriented companies in Campinas, i.e., verifying how people in these companies understand, identify, and manage innovation （what tools or methodologies）. Innovation is not a new concept, but its perception as a process, detached from randomness, is. This understanding is what allows its management as a tool to improve results and competitiveness, and to the perpetuation of the company. The research had a qualitative approach that consisted in the content analysis of structured interviews held with 10 respondents of five different companies, using eight innovation-focused questions, adapted from the Brazilian National Quality Foundation （FNQ）. After interviews, four categories were identified： innovation understanding, innovative ambience, innovation process management, and learning during the process--the first two regarding the subjective features of innovation and the latter two the objective features. Analysis outcome has shown that companies understand the concept and importance of innovation, but still do not see it as a process, which leads them to try isolated initiatives, usually executed by instinct only. Due to the fact that innovation is not considered as a process, most practices encourage generation of ideas, instead of goals, key performance indicators （KPIs）, and learning--this latter one, only occurs informally and over time.

The Development Trend of China＇s agricultural economic management disciplines

Modern Agricultural Economics and Management has a nature of the fusion cross, and agricultural economic management has economics, agronomy, management and integration and it also has the particularity of disciplines, from the position in terms of management and economics agricultural economy belongs to the branch pipe and branch management economics. As China＇ s reform and opening up, the whole society is in a new phase of a transition, Agricultural Economics and Management disciplines would like to be explored in more areas, but we still want to keep the cross and integration features. In this paper, a modem agricultural economy management disciplines is in order to adapt to the transition period which is characterized by a series of market analyzes and reflection.

Bioethics in the Training and Management of Sport

The aim of this paper is to examine the opportunities and problems presented by the increasing availability of technologies which is capable of enhancing sporting performance and identifying the risks in sports for creating educational and sports management practices to lead with justice, honesty, and beneficence. A questionnaire is developed to ascertain the social determinants and risks of health aspects of sports in a sample of professionals and amateurs. Descriptive and correlation analysis were used for data analysis. The study identifies health risks connected with the intensive loading of locomotors system, poor working conditions which cause working trauma and diseases as well as low level of health culture regarding the effects of performance-enhancing drugs including anabolic steroids, stimulants, human growth hormone, and supplements. There are arguments that the quality of sport education will be achieved by addressing the study of sports ethics coupled with a study of management and law.

The application of concentrated computer technology in sports training

With the continuous development of science and technology, sports training are coming to the scientific era; it has penetrated into all aspects of sports training from the experience of the era to modem science and technology, and plays an increasingly large role. Computer and information processing technology in improving the level of sports, especially as a secondary means of training, is playing an essential role. In the field of sports, the science control of Computer in sports training process and many other factors provides possibilities and the necessary in technical support for exercise training.