Profile Modification for Increasing the Tooth Strength in Spur Gear Using CAD

This paper examines the tooth failure in spur gears. Corrective measures are taken to avoid tooth damage by introducing profile modification in root fillet. In general, spur gear with less than 17 numbers of teeth had the problem of undercutting during gear manufacturing process which minimizes the strength of gear at root. In this study, a novel design method, namely circular root fillet instead of the standard trochoidal root fillet is introduced in spur gear and analyzed using ANSYS version 11.0 software. The strength of these modified teeth is studied in comparison with the standard design. The analysis demonstrates that the novel design exhibit higher bending strength over the standard trochoidal root fillet gear. The result reveals that the circular root fillet design is particularly suitable for lesser number of teeth in pinion and where as the trochoidal root fillet gear is more opt for higher number of teeth.

Effect of Tooth Profile Modification on Vibration of Power Split Gear Transmission System

Based on Newton ' s second law,the bend-torsion-shaft coupling nonlinear dynamic model and equations of power split gear transmission system are established.According to the principle of tooth profile modification,the tooth profile modification is considered as time-varying gear backlash function acting along the line of action.Then the dynamic functions are solved by using Runge-Kutta numerical method.After analyzing the effect of tooth profile modification quantity( TPMQ) and relative tooth profile modification length( TPML) to the nonlinear dynamic characteristics of power split gear transmission,the following conclusions are drawn:1 The TPMQ of a certain stage transmission affects the vibration of its own stage more significantly than the other stage,and the coupling effect between two stages can be ignored usually in the modification design;2 If the first stage TPMLs are less than 0.3,the influence of the first stage TPMLs to the first stage transmission vibration is much more greatly than the influence of the second stage TPMLs to the first stage transmission vibration,or else both the first and second stage TPMLs affect the first stage transmission vibration largely.The same is true for the second stage TPMLs,and the cutoff value is 0.2;3 The TPMQ affects the vibration of power split gear transmission system more principally than the TPML,and should be top-priority in the modification design.

Modification Design Method for an Enveloping Hourglass Worm Gear with Consideration of Machining and Misalignment Errors

The influences of machining and misalignment errors play a very critical role in the performance of the anti-backlash double-roller enveloping hourglass worm gear(ADEHWG).However,a corresponding efficient method for eliminating or reducing these errors on the tooth profile of the ADEHWG is seldom reported.The gear engagement equation and tooth profile equation for considering six different errors that could arise from the machining and gear misalignment are derived from the theories of differential geometry and gear meshing.Also,the tooth contact analysis(TCA) is used to systematically investigate the influence of the machining and misalignment errors on the contact curves and the tooth profile by means of numerical analysis and three-dimensional solid modeling.The research results show that vertical angular misalignment of the worm wheel(Δβ) has the strongest influences while the tooth angle error(Δα) has the weakest influences on the contact curves and the tooth profile.A novel efficient approach is proposed and used to minimize the effect of the errors in manufacturing by changing the radius of the grinding wheel and the approaching point of contact.The results from the TCA and the experiment demonstrate that this tooth profile design modification method can indeed reduce the machining and misalignment errors.This modification design method is helpful in understanding the manufacturing technology of the ADEHWG.

Investigation of a Design Modification for Double Helical Gears Reducing Vibration and Noise

To reduce vibration and noise and increase transmission efficiency, a three segment method for modifying the pinion profile was proposed. Cutter surface equations were deduced by changing the shape of the cutter-edge, substituting three segment parabolas for the line. The influence of longitudinal tooth modifications on tooth surface load distributions was discussed. Transmission error minimization and uniformity of tooth surface load distribution were chosen as optimization goals and the modified parameters were obtained by applying the complex method. Finally, an experiment comparing the loaded transmission error, vibration, and noise both before and after modifications was carried out. The results indicate that the modified design is reliable.

双摆线针齿传动齿廓特性与啮合特性分析

将双摆线齿廓运用到NN型少齿差行星齿轮传动领域,通过分析内外摆线轮齿廓的凹凸性、曲率和曲率半径,获得了内、外摆线齿廓的特性;通过图解法推导双摆线针齿传动中内、外摆线轮的压力角计算公式,获得了啮合过程压力角变化规律,以及双摆线针齿主要参数对于内、外摆线轮压力角的影响;通过对等距修形和移距修形进行研究,表明齿廓修形对齿形有明显影响。

修形斜齿轮成形磨削中齿廓精度补偿方法

建立了斜齿轮齿廓修形的坐标方程与成形磨削砂轮修整的几何算法,优化出齿廓修形后的砂轮截面廓形;通过数值模拟分析,得到了机床位置误差与齿廓偏差之间的耦合关系;编制了成形磨削齿廓精度调整软件,计算出斜齿轮修形与之对应的成形砂轮廓形和齿廓精度调整参数。通过修形斜齿轮的成形磨削试验,验证了砂轮廓形修整的正确性和齿廓精度调整的有效性。

核电循环泵行星齿轮热弹流润滑研究

核电齿轮箱的良好润滑性能是核电循环泵可靠运行的重要保障,充分考虑齿面形貌和齿廓修形等因素对内/外啮合齿轮副的影响是准确评估其润滑特性的前提。建立典型工况下核电循环泵行星传动系统斜齿轮热弹流润滑模型,首先将斜齿轮副的啮合状态几何等效为圆锥滚子的接触问题,然后考虑斜齿轮接触变形和齿廓偏差,计算得到内/外啮合齿轮副接触区域不同位置的油膜厚度、承载压力、摩擦应力和闪温等参数。考虑齿面磨合作用,采用移动平均滤波方法对未经磨合的初始形貌进行光滑处理,分析了齿面形貌对润滑行为的影响,最后采取齿廓修形改善润滑特性。结果表明:粗糙度和齿廓修形均会对润滑特性产生明显的影响,齿面粗糙形貌会造成油膜厚度减小,进而影响其润滑特性,弱化润滑油膜的承载能力;通过齿廓修形可以改善齿轮啮合边界处的几何过渡,降低该区域的应力集中和表面温度,从而明显改善啮合线终端的润滑状态。

内啮合短齿高直齿轮承载传动误差研究

齿轮承载传动误差是评价齿轮动态啮合性能的一个重要指标,承载传动误差波动幅值越小,齿轮副动态啮合性能越好。针对目前直齿内啮合齿轮承载传动误差研究不充分的问题,以Romax软件为工具,建立内啮合短齿高直齿轮副模型,研究了内啮合短齿高直齿轮齿廓修形参数和螺旋线修形参数对承载传动误差波动幅值的影响,获得了修形参数对承载传动误差波动幅值的影响规律,并采用粒子群算法研究了内啮合短齿高直齿轮修形优化设计方法。研究成果为提高内啮合短齿高直齿轮的动态啮合性能提供了依据。

计入齿形误差的直齿圆柱齿轮传动特性研究

针对齿轮齿廓修形和齿形磨损产生的齿形偏差,提出了一种改进的解析啮合刚度和准静态传动误差模型,该模型基于转动位移协调原理,考虑了齿轮啮合过程中角接触和结构耦合的影响。通过与有限元法计算结果的比较,验证了所建立模型的正确性。在该模型的基础上,研究了齿形误差和齿形磨损对啮合刚度和准静态传动误差特性的变化规律。结果表明,两种齿形偏差对啮合刚度和准静态传动误差的极限值和分布均有显著影响,且随着齿形磨损程度的增大,齿形磨损对啮合刚度和准静态传动误差的影响更大。

谐波减速器柔轮齿形修形啮合性能分析

为探究柔轮齿形修形对谐波减速器啮合性能的作用,建立了中空型谐波减速器的装配模型,采用有限元法分析了柔轮与刚轮啮合情况。以双圆弧齿形的在空载、负载过程中等效变形与等效应力作为对比条件。综合考虑柔轮齿形齿顶修形量,同时调整柔轮齿形轴向的齿高倾角,计算同等边界条件下齿形修形后的等效变形应力情况。对比结果表明,空载与负载条件下,提取柔轮轮齿前缘与后缘的中性层曲线,柔轮的等效变形基本不变,但最大等效应力分别降低至80%与76.6%,啮合性能得到提升。相关研究为谐波减速器的设计、评估及传动性能优化提供有益尝试和参考依据。

考虑热变形的齿轮修形研究

齿轮在高速重载条件下工作时,摩擦磨损造成的影响是不容忽视的,而修形可以降低齿轮的磨损及表面温度,对提高齿轮胶合承载能力有显著作用。为此,根据齿轮啮合原理、齿轮修形原理等基本理论,对齿轮的热变形以及齿廓修形进行了研究。利用有限元仿真软件建立齿轮热力耦合参数化模型,确定轮齿各面的稳态热平衡方程,利用仿真软件对齿轮各点施加对流边界条件和摩擦热流量,求解得到了齿轮的温度场;分析齿轮温升对齿轮变形的影响规律,对齿轮修形技术进行研究,推导了弹性变形、热变形、热力耦合变形的计算公式。结果表明,修形能够降低齿轮温度,提高齿轮抗胶合强度。

基于最佳逼近原理的摆线轮实际修形量计算

摆线轮修形量大小是影响加工误差评价的重要因素。针对组合修形方法设计加工的摆线轮,在修形量未知的情况下,提出了一种反求实际修形量的方法。通过分析摆线轮齿廓组合修形方法,以法向误差平方和为目标,构建最佳逼近齿廓计算模型,利用修正鲍威尔法求解模型,获取摆线轮实际修形量。通过对实际加工摆线轮的齿廓测量计算,验证了此方法的可行性,为修形量未知情况下的摆线轮误差评价提供了新的途径。

真实啮合状态的直齿轮副啮合刚度计算方法

为了准确计算直齿轮副在真实啮合状态下的时变啮合刚度,根据齿轮啮合原理和齿轮副啮合刚度的定义,提出通过齿面接触分析(TCA)/承载接触分析(LTCA)计算真实啮合状态下直齿轮副时变啮合刚度的方法。在考虑直齿轮副齿形修形和安装误差的基础上,构建真实啮合状态下直齿轮副的TCA和LTCA分析模型,采用数学规划与有限元结合的方法获得齿面载荷分布因子和传动误差,通过三次Hermite插值,计算获得一个啮合周期内齿轮副的时变啮合刚度。结果表明,齿廓修形影响直齿轮副啮合刚度的幅值和均值,且随修形量和修形长度的增大而减小。与有限元法计算结果比较相差3.1%,验证了结果的准确性。

面齿轮传动新齿形与齿面修形研究现状与展望

面齿轮传动是一种新型的齿轮传动形式,在航空航天领域具有重要的应用,其新齿形与齿面修形研究已成为齿轮传动的研究热点。首先,从齿面展成、啮合理论、设计方法和啮合特性等方面对国内外在面齿轮传动传统齿形的相关研究成果进行了概述;其次,阐述了国内外在新齿形面齿轮传动的啮合理论与设计方法方面的研究现状;再次,详细归纳论述了面齿轮传动在面齿轮齿面修形与小轮齿面修形两个方面的重要研究进展;最后,总结展望了今后面齿轮传动在新齿形加工、修形齿面的啮合分析、修形齿面的承载能力分析、修形优化设计、软件开发等方面的研究方向。

两级星型齿轮传动系统低振动齿廓修形设计研究

针对两级星型齿轮传动系统,为降低系统振动、提升系统性能,开展齿廓修形方法和动力学建模研究。并基于此开展修形参数对系统动态啮合力齿频幅值的影响规律研究,确定齿廓修形参数设计范围。获得齿廓修形参数的非劣解集合,以内外齿轮副啮合频率对应的幅值最小为目标,确定系统齿廓修形参数。开展未修形与修形齿轮系统的动态响应分析,验证了系统齿廓修形设计方法的可行性。结果表明,合理的修形参数可以有效地减小系统的振动。

Method for generating non-circular gear with addendum modification and its application in transplanting mechanism

With a focus on the design of tooth profiles of non-circular gears with addendum modifications that conform to the given complex transmission ratio curves and based on a series of discrete point sets on the pitch curves,the criteria for tooth profile distortion and undercut in non-circular gears were proposed.With the constraint of no tooth profile distortion and undercut,the addendum modification coefficient was introduced into the calculation of the distorted and undercut segments of the tooth profile of a non-circular gear,and the addendum modification coefficient of each contact point of the non-circular gear was obtained.Based on the generating principle for gear shaping with gear cutters,a theoretical model for calculating the tooth profile of non-circular gears with addendum modification was derived.The cutting and radial feeding motions of the pinion cutter were ignored,and only the meshing motion was considered.The involute tooth profiles of the pinion cutter enveloped the tooth profile of the non-circular gear.3D automatic non-circular gear model generation software was developed,which was a secondary development product of the software UG.A non-circular gear in a rice potted seedling transplanting mechanism was designed,and the transplanter was developed and tested.The test results showed that the designed tooth profile of non-circular gear achieved the variable transmission ratios required by the transplanting mechanism.When the transplanting efficiencies were 140 plants/min,160 plants/min and 180 plants/min,the transplanter completed the rice potted seedling transplanting operation with high quality.

含误差的直齿轮的齿廓修形

依据齿轮传动载荷与轮齿变形的关系,推导出定载荷条件下,修形直齿轮静态传动误差与齿对综合修形参数的关系表达式。提出含制造误差修形齿轮修形参数的确定原则:理论设计修形齿轮的最大综合修形量应能消除含误差齿廓轮齿在啮入和啮出位置产生的几何干涉,理论设计修形齿轮的静态传动误差应保持最小的变化。给出了合制造误差修形直齿轮修形参数的计算公式,阐述了相应的确定方法。系统动态响应计算表明该方法所获得的修形齿轮具有良好的减振效果。

直齿轮齿廓修形的实验研究

对 3种不同齿廓修形参数的渐开线直齿轮进行了振动和噪声的传动实验研究。实验结果表明 ,按下述原则设计的修形直齿轮具有较好的减振降噪效果 :不计误差的理论设计修形齿轮的最大综合修形量应能消除含误差齿廓轮齿在啮入和啮出位置产生的几何干涉 ,理论设计修形齿轮的静态传动误差应保持最小的幅值变化。

基于回差优化的RV减速器摆线轮齿廓修形

针对RV减速器回差的优化问题,基于RV减速器的二级结构和扭矩传递路径,从零件误差角度对回差影响因素进行分类.以工业机器人用RV-40E型减速器为实例,计算了各回差因素的敏感度和权重.其中,摆线轮齿廓修形具有较大的敏感度.为减小摆线轮修形引起的齿侧间隙,提出了基于形变量补偿的摆线轮齿廓修形方法,该方法在等距-移距组合修形基础上,将针齿在额定负载下的接触形变量补偿回摆线轮的齿廓中,在不改变摆线针轮径向间隙的基础上实现RV减速器回差的优化.对RV减速器样机进行虚拟样机仿真和试验验证.结果表明:回差优化RV的回差值为0. 66',传统修形RV的回差值为1. 3',与虚拟样机仿真结果基本一致,该基于回差优化的摆线轮修形方法可显著降低RV减速器回差.

渐开线齿轮动力接触有限元分析及修形影响

在ANSYS软件中建立了标准渐开线齿轮与修形齿轮的动力接触有限元模型。利用ANSYS/LS-DYNA的显式动力学计算方法,对不同转速下的齿轮副进行了动力接触分析,得出标准渐开线齿轮由于弹性变形导致较大的啮入冲击,齿轮修形后啮入冲击得到明显改善。齿轮啮合动力接触有限元仿真方法对合理确定齿轮修形量,减小齿轮动载荷具有重要理论意义。