Setting: The Uganda National Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory (NTRL) in Kampala. Objective: The proportion of poor quality specimens received for drug susceptibility testing (DST) at the NTRL and factors contributing...Setting: The Uganda National Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory (NTRL) in Kampala. Objective: The proportion of poor quality specimens received for drug susceptibility testing (DST) at the NTRL and factors contributing to poor specimen quality were assessed. Design: A cross-sectional study was conducted of sputum samples received at the NTRL from patients at high risk for multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB) during July-October 2013. Demographic, clinical, and bacte-riological data were abstracted from laboratory records. A poor quality sample failed to meet any one of four criteria: ≥3 milliliter (ml) volume, delivered within 72 hours, triple packaged, and non-salivary appearance. Results: Overall, 365 (64%) of 556 samples were of poor quality;89 (16%) were not triple packaged, 44 (8%) were <3 mls, 164 (30%) were not delivered on time, and 215 (39%) were salivary in appearance. Poor quality specimens were more likely to be collected during the eighth month of TB treatment (OR = 2.5, CI = 1.2 - 5.1), from the East or Northeast zones (OR = 2.2, CI = 1.1 - 4.8), and from patients who previously defaulted from treatment (OR = 1.9, CI = 1.1 - 3.2). Conclusion: The majority of sputum samples had poor quality. Additional efforts are needed to improve quality of samples collected at the end of treatment, from East and Northeast zones, and from patients who had previously defaulted.展开更多
目的比较分析新型冠状病毒病例咽拭子与痰标本的病毒核酸检测效果。方法对4例新型冠状病毒确诊病例的咽拭子与痰标本分别进行人体细胞GAPDH管家基因、病毒ORF 1ab基因、N基因及S基因Real time RT-PCR核酸检测与比较。结果4例病例的咽拭...目的比较分析新型冠状病毒病例咽拭子与痰标本的病毒核酸检测效果。方法对4例新型冠状病毒确诊病例的咽拭子与痰标本分别进行人体细胞GAPDH管家基因、病毒ORF 1ab基因、N基因及S基因Real time RT-PCR核酸检测与比较。结果4例病例的咽拭子和痰标本中,人体细胞管家基因GAPDH均呈现明显典型的扩增信号曲线;病毒ORF 1ab基因、N基因及S基因核酸检测中,痰标本的扩增曲线信号均比咽拭子强,扩增曲线的CT值均低于咽拭子,在病例1和4表现更加明显,而病例4的咽拭子标本检测中,商品化试剂呈现阴性结果,而痰标本则呈现明显的阳性结果。结论在开展新型冠状病毒实验室核酸检测中,痰标本的病毒含量高于咽拭子标本,其检测效果优于咽拭子标本。展开更多
目的通过检测痰液脱落细胞FHIT基因微卫星不稳定性(microsatellite instability,MSI)和杂合性缺失(loss of heterozygosity,LOH),评价FHIT基因检测在肺癌早期诊断中的敏感性,探讨肺癌筛查的有效方法。方法以液基细胞学为基础,采集并分...目的通过检测痰液脱落细胞FHIT基因微卫星不稳定性(microsatellite instability,MSI)和杂合性缺失(loss of heterozygosity,LOH),评价FHIT基因检测在肺癌早期诊断中的敏感性,探讨肺癌筛查的有效方法。方法以液基细胞学为基础,采集并分离高危人群痰液脱落细胞,提取DNA,检测FHIT基因MSI和LOH。结果在肺癌患者中出现MSI或LOH异常的阳性率在41.6%～49.5%之间,以D3S1300最高,达到49.5%,3个位点中至少1个位点出现微卫星异常为72.3%(n=73),至少2个位点出现微卫星异常为45.5%(n=46)。统计学分析表明,FHIT基因出现MSI或LOH在肺癌和非肺癌患者中的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论以液基细胞学为基础,检测痰液脱落细胞FHIT基因的MSI和LOH可以作为肺癌早期诊断的新途径。不同微卫星位点出现异常表现的具体形式有所不同,多位点联合检测可以提高诊断的敏感性和特异性。展开更多
文摘Setting: The Uganda National Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory (NTRL) in Kampala. Objective: The proportion of poor quality specimens received for drug susceptibility testing (DST) at the NTRL and factors contributing to poor specimen quality were assessed. Design: A cross-sectional study was conducted of sputum samples received at the NTRL from patients at high risk for multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB) during July-October 2013. Demographic, clinical, and bacte-riological data were abstracted from laboratory records. A poor quality sample failed to meet any one of four criteria: ≥3 milliliter (ml) volume, delivered within 72 hours, triple packaged, and non-salivary appearance. Results: Overall, 365 (64%) of 556 samples were of poor quality;89 (16%) were not triple packaged, 44 (8%) were <3 mls, 164 (30%) were not delivered on time, and 215 (39%) were salivary in appearance. Poor quality specimens were more likely to be collected during the eighth month of TB treatment (OR = 2.5, CI = 1.2 - 5.1), from the East or Northeast zones (OR = 2.2, CI = 1.1 - 4.8), and from patients who previously defaulted from treatment (OR = 1.9, CI = 1.1 - 3.2). Conclusion: The majority of sputum samples had poor quality. Additional efforts are needed to improve quality of samples collected at the end of treatment, from East and Northeast zones, and from patients who had previously defaulted.
文摘目的比较分析新型冠状病毒病例咽拭子与痰标本的病毒核酸检测效果。方法对4例新型冠状病毒确诊病例的咽拭子与痰标本分别进行人体细胞GAPDH管家基因、病毒ORF 1ab基因、N基因及S基因Real time RT-PCR核酸检测与比较。结果4例病例的咽拭子和痰标本中,人体细胞管家基因GAPDH均呈现明显典型的扩增信号曲线;病毒ORF 1ab基因、N基因及S基因核酸检测中,痰标本的扩增曲线信号均比咽拭子强,扩增曲线的CT值均低于咽拭子,在病例1和4表现更加明显,而病例4的咽拭子标本检测中,商品化试剂呈现阴性结果,而痰标本则呈现明显的阳性结果。结论在开展新型冠状病毒实验室核酸检测中,痰标本的病毒含量高于咽拭子标本,其检测效果优于咽拭子标本。
文摘目的通过检测痰液脱落细胞FHIT基因微卫星不稳定性(microsatellite instability,MSI)和杂合性缺失(loss of heterozygosity,LOH),评价FHIT基因检测在肺癌早期诊断中的敏感性,探讨肺癌筛查的有效方法。方法以液基细胞学为基础,采集并分离高危人群痰液脱落细胞,提取DNA,检测FHIT基因MSI和LOH。结果在肺癌患者中出现MSI或LOH异常的阳性率在41.6%～49.5%之间,以D3S1300最高,达到49.5%,3个位点中至少1个位点出现微卫星异常为72.3%(n=73),至少2个位点出现微卫星异常为45.5%(n=46)。统计学分析表明,FHIT基因出现MSI或LOH在肺癌和非肺癌患者中的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论以液基细胞学为基础,检测痰液脱落细胞FHIT基因的MSI和LOH可以作为肺癌早期诊断的新途径。不同微卫星位点出现异常表现的具体形式有所不同,多位点联合检测可以提高诊断的敏感性和特异性。
