Seismic performance of recycled concrete-filled square steel tube columns

An experimental study on the seismic performance of recycled concrete-filled square steel tube （RCFST） columns is carried out. Six specimens were designed and tested under constant axial compression and cyclic lateral loading. Two parameters, replacement percentage of recycled coarse aggregate （RCA） and axial compression level, were considered in the test. Based on the experimental data, the hysteretic loops, skeleton curves, ductility, energy dissipation capacity and stiffness degradation of RCFST columns were analyzed. The test results indicate that the failure modes of RCFST columns are the local buckling of the steel tube at the bottom of the columns, and the hysteretic loops are full and their shapes are similar to normal CFST columns. Furthermore, the ductility coefficient of all specimens are close to 3.0, and the equivalent viscous damping coefficient corresponding to the ultimate lateral load ranges from 0.323 to 0.360, which demonstrates that RCFST columns exhibit remarkable seismic performance.

Axial Compression Behavior and Analytical Method of L-Shaped Column Composed of Concrete-Filled Square Steel Tubes

Based on the characteristics of an L-shaped column composed of concrete-filled square steel tubes, the axial compression experiment and nonlinear finite element analysis were carried out to study the mechanical property of the L-shaped column. The load-displacement curve for the L-shaped column, the deflection and load-strain curves for the mono columns were obtained by the axial compression experiment. The results show that the L-shaped column exhibits a flexural-torsional buckling failure mode. The numerical simulation by the finite element analysis shows that the bearing capacity and failure mode are in accordance with those of the axial compression experiment and the feasi- bility of the finite element analysis is proved. For the calculation of the bearing capacity of the L-shaped column com- posed of concrete-filled square steel tubes, an analytical method is proposed based on the theory of the elastic stability and spatial truss model. The results of the analytical method are in good agreement with those of the axial compression experiment and the finite element analysis.

Prediction of Axial Capacity of Concrete-Filled Square Steel Tubes Using Neural Networks

The application of artificial neural network to predict the ultimate bearing capacity of CFST （ concrete-filled square steel tubes） short columns under axial loading is explored. Input parameters consiste of concrete compressive strength, yield strength of steel tube, confinement index, sectional dimension and width-to-thickness ratio. The ultimate bearing capacity is the only output parameter. A multilayer feedforward neural network is used to describe the nonlinear relationships between the input and output variables. Fifty-five experimental data of CFST short columns under axial loading are used to train and test the neural network. A comparison between the neural network model and three parameter models shows that the neural network model possesses good accuracy and could be a practical method for predicting the ultimate strength of axially loaded CFST short columns.

Seismic Behavior of Diaphragm-Through Connections of Concrete-Filled Square Steel Tubular Columns and H-Shaped Steel Beams

Based on the introductions of a type of diaphragm-through connection between concrete-filled square steel tubular columns (CFSSTCs) and H-shaped steel beams,a finite element model of the connection is developed and used to investigate the seismic behavior of the connection.The results of the finite element model are validated by a set of cyclic loading tests.The cyclic loading tests and the finite element analyses indicate that the failure mode of the suggested connections is plastic hinge at the beam with inelastic rotation angle exceeding 0.04 rad.The suggested connections have sufficient strength,plastic deformation and energy dissipation capacity to be used in composite moment frames as beam-to-column rigid connections.

Influence of Axial Load Ratio on Shear Behavior of Through-Diaphragm Connections of Concrete-Filled Square Steel Tubular Columns

Nonlinear finite element analysis and parametric studies were carried out to study the influence of axial load ratio on the shear behavior of the through-diaphragm connections of concrete-filled square steel tubular columns. The analysis reveals that smaller axial load ratio can improve the shear bearing capacity and ductility while larger axial load ratio will decrease the shear behavior of the through-diaphragm connections. The parametric studies indicate that the axial load ratio should be limited to less than 0.4 and its influence should be considered in the analysis and design of such connections.

Effect of contact thermal resistance on temperature distributions of concrete-filled steel tubes in fire

To predicate the temperature distribution of concrete-filled steel tubes(CFSTs) being exposure to fire,a finite element analysis model was developed using a finite element package,ANSYS.A suggested value of contact thermal resistance was therefore proposed with the supporting of massive numbers of collected test data.Parametric analysis was conducted subsequently towards the cross-sectional temperature distribution of CFST columns in four-side fire,in which the exposure time,width of the cross section,steel ratio were taken into account with considering contact thermal resistance.It was found that contact thermal resistance has little effect on the overall temperature regulation with the exposure time,the width of cross-section or the change of steel ratio.However,great temperature dropping at the concrete adjacent to the contact interface,and gentle temperature increase at steel tube,exist if considering contact thermal resistance.The results of the study are expected to provide theoretical basis for the fire resistance behavior and design of the CFST columns being exposure to fire.

Behavior of High Strength Concrete Filled Square Steel Tube Stub Columns with Inner CFRP Tube Under Biaxial Eccentric Compression

This paper studies the contribution of CFRP(carbon fiber-reinforced polymer)to the mechanical behavior of high strength concrete-filled square steel tube(HCFST)under biaxial eccentric compression.The new type of composite member is composed of an inner CFRP tube and an outer steel tube with concrete filled in the two tubes.The finite element analysis was made by ABAQUS on the behavior of high strength concrete filled square steel tubular columns with inner CFRP circular tube subjected to bi-axial eccentric loading.The results obtained from the finite element analysis were verified with the experimental results.In addition,the load-deflection curves in the whole process were calculated and analyzed,which can be divided into three segments:Elastic phase,plastic phase,descending phase.Based on the load-deflection curves,the stresses analysis on the core concrete,CFRP tube and steel tube were conducted.The confinement effect of the CFRP tube improves the ductility of HCFST-CFRP stub column.CFRP ratio and eccentricity affect the ultimate bearing capacity of HCFST stub column.Finally,a calculation formula of ultimate bearing capacity was proposed in the paper.

Reliability analysis of circular concrete-filled steel tube with material and geometrical nonlinearity

Most of the previous research on concrete-filled steel tube is restricted to a deterministic approach. To gain clear insight into the random properties of circular concrete-filled steel tube, reliability analysis is carried out in the present study. To obtain the Structural nonlinear response and ultimate resistance capacity, material and geometrical nonlinear analysis of circular concrete-filled steel tube is performed with a three-dimensional degenerated beam ele- ment. Then we investigate the reliability of concrete-filled steel tube using the first-order reliability method combined with nonlinear finite element analysis. The influences of such parameters as material strength, slenderness, initial geo- metrical imperfection, etc. on the reliability of circular concrete-filled steel tube column are studied. It can be con- cluded that inevitable random fluctuation of those parameters has significant influence on structural reliability, and that stochastic or reliability methods can provide a more rational and subjective evaluation on the safety of CFT structures than a deterministic approach.

Ductility and Ultimate Capacity of Concrete-Filled Lattice Rectangular Steel Tube Columns

A kind of concrete-filled lattice rectangular steel tube(CFLRST)column was put forward.The numerical simulation was modeled to analyze the mechanical characteristic of CFLRST column.By comparing the load-deformation curves from the test results,the rationality and reliability of the finite element model has been confirmed,moreover,the change of the section stiffness and stress in the forcing process and the ultimate bearing capacity of the column were analyzed.Based on the model,the comparison of ultimate bearing capacity and ductility between CFLRST column and reinforced concrete(RC)column were also analyzed.The results of the finite element analysis show that the loading process of CFLRST column consists of elastic stage,yield stage and failure stage.The failure modes are mainly strength failure and failure of elastoplastic instability.CFLRST column has higher bearing capacities in comparison with reinforced concrete columns with the same steel ratio.In addition,the stiffness degeneration of CFLRST column is slower than RC column and CFLRST column has good ductility.

Axial Bearing Capacity of Short FRP Confined Concrete-filled Steel Tubular Columns

The bearing capacity of FRP confined concrete-filled steel tubular （FRP-CFST） columns under axial compression was investigated. This new type of composite column is a concrete-filled steel tube （CFST） confined with fiber-reinforced polymer （FRP） wraps. Totally 11 short column specimens were tested to failure under axial compression. The influences of the type and quantity of FRP, the thickness of steel tube and the concrete strength were studied. It was found that the bearing capacity of short FRP-CFST column was much higher than that of comparable CFST column. Furthermore, the formulas for calculating the bearing capacity of the FRP-CFST columns are proposed. The analytical calculated results agree well with the experimental results.

An Experimental Study on the Behavior of Square Concrete-Filled High Strength Steel Tube Columns

The paper presents an experimental study on the behavior of square concrete-filled high strength steel tube columns until failure.Four specimens were tested to investigate the effect of high strength steel and plain strength concrete on the load carrying capacity of the square concrete-filled steel tube columns.The effect of the concrete which filled in the steel tube was also investigated.Also,the effect of high strength steel and the presence of concrete were also investigated.The main parameters in the tests were:(1) the ultimate strength of steel (800 Mpa),(2) the presence of concrete in steel tube (hollow steel tube and concrete-filled steel tube),and (3) slender ratio.The main objectives of these tests were three-step:(1) to describe a series of tests on composite columns,(2) to analyze the influence of several parameters,and (3) to compare the accuracy of the predictions by using the specifications in the code (AISC-LRFD,EC4 and AIJ etc.) for the design of high-strength composite columns.Experimental results indicate that the ultimate strength of steel and presence of concrete had significant influence on both the axial compressive load capacity and the ductile of the square steel tube.

Joint member angle limits of composite beams and CFT square columns

This work aims to understand the relationship between the member angle limit and the energy ratio for 24 test samples of composite beams and CFT square steel tube columns. This work also compares the formula applicability for member angle limit with the previous test result to provide the basic data for the design of composite beam-CFT column. The evaluation of the member angle limit was performed with concrete compressive strength (fC =22.16 MPa, 30.49 MPa), breadth-to-thickness ratio (B/t=25.0, 33.3, 43.5), and axial capacity ratio (N/N0=0, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5) as the main variables of the test samples. For the relationship between the member angle limit (Ru) and the energy ratio (ES/EC ), the test result shows that the energy ratio becomes lower as the axial capacity ratio and the breadth-to-thickness ratio increase. The energy ratio is lower for the Type B test sample compared with that of Types A and C. For the formula suggested by SATO, the test samples are distributed evenly for comparison between test values and the member angle limit; however, other formulas indicate a deviation. Specifically, for the comparison between R u,cal and R u (Test), Maeda's formula shows severe deviation.

Expansive Performance of Self-stressing and Self-compacting Concrete Confined with Steel Tube

Combining with the technology of self-compacting concrete, self-stressing concrete and concrete-filled steel tube, we can get self-compacting and self-stressing concrete-filled steel tube. In order to study the expansive mechanism of self-stressing concrete, the continuous observation of 47 days on six specimens was carried on. The specimens have different steel area to concrete area ratio. The expansive process in hoop and axial direction were studied, and the expansive mechanism was discussed too. The experimental results identify that the creep and elastic deformation take a large proportion in effective free expansion. The calculating formulas of self-stress in hoop and axial directions were presented here.

局部环向变厚度方钢管混凝土柱偏压力学性能研究

针对海洋环境中飞溅区造成的钢管混凝土柱局部环向腐蚀现象,采用机械削减方式模拟钢管壁厚局部环向腐蚀,进行了7个方钢管混凝土柱偏压试验,揭示了削弱率和偏心率对其偏压承载力的影响,并通过数值模拟对削弱率进行拓展分析.提出了基于削弱率的偏压承载力降低系数,代入中、美规范进行偏压承载力计算.结果表明:钢管的局部环向变厚度严重削弱了方钢管混凝土柱的偏压承载力和侧向挠曲能力;较大的加载偏心率也降低了其偏压承载力,但增大了其侧向挠曲能力.引入偏压承载力降低系数后,根据中、美规范计算得到的偏压承载力与试验值均吻合较好;相比于我国规范,美国规范在计算偏压承载力时相对更加保守.

配筋空心方钢管高强混凝土纯弯构件受力性能有限元分析

目的 研究配筋空心钢管高强混凝土构件的抗弯性能,推动其在建筑结构中的应用。方法 采用有限元分析软件ABAQUS建立配筋空心钢管混凝土构件有限元模型,在验证模型准确的基础上,分析构件的受力全过程及钢材屈服强度、混凝土抗压强度、钢管壁厚、钢筋直径、普通钢筋数量对构件受弯性能的影响。结果 纯弯试件在荷载作用下受力过程可分为3个阶段:弹性阶段、弹塑性阶段和强化阶段;试件破坏形态均为受弯破坏,表现出较好地延性。结论 组合构件在弯矩作用下可以很好地协同工作;钢材屈服强度和钢管壁厚的增加对构件承载力的提高影响最显著,建议配置普通钢筋数量在6~8根为最优。

方钢管煤矸石混凝土短柱轴压承载力有限元分析

目的 研究各设计参数在不同煤矸石粗骨料取代率下对方钢管煤矸石混凝土短柱轴压承载力的影响规律,提出轴压承载力计算式。方法 利用ABAQUS有限元分析软件建立方钢管煤矸石混凝土短柱轴压有限元模型,并与试验结果对比,验证模型的准确性;分析试件应力分布与荷载分配,并采用控制变量法分析试件在5种煤矸石粗骨料取代率下主要参数对其轴压承载力的影响。结果 相同设计参数下,试件轴压承载力随煤矸石粗骨料取代率的提高而降低,且最大降幅未超过14%;当试件截面边长一定时,含钢率对试件轴压承载力的影响最显著,其中,含钢率由7.4%增加至20.3%使试件轴压承载力在不同取代率下平均提升68.85%。结论 掺入煤矸石粗骨料不会使构件轴压承载力显著劣化,依据《钢管混凝土结构技术规范》(GB 50936—2014),引入煤矸石粗骨料取代率影响系数后的计算误差小于5%,可为相关研究提供参考。

Experimental study on the seismic behavior of high strength concrete fi lled double-tube columns

To study the seismic behavior of high strength concrete fi lled double-tube(CFDT) columns,each consisting of an external square steel tube and an internal circular steel tube,quasi-static tests on eight CFDT column specimens were conducted.The test variables included the width-to-thickness ratio(β1) and the area ratio(β2) of the square steel tube,the wall thickness of the circular steel tube,and the axial force(or the axial force ratio) applied to the CFDT columns.The test results indicate that for CFDT columns with a square steel tube with β1 of 50.1 and 24.5,local buckling of the specimen was found at a drift ratio of 1/150 and 1/50,respectively.The lateral force-displacement hysteretic loops of all specimens were plump and stable.Reducing the width-to-thickness ratio of the square steel tube,increasing its area ratio,or increasing the wall thickness of the internal circular steel tube,led to an increased fl exural strength and deformation capacity of the specimens.Increasing the design value of the axial force ratio from 0.8 to 1.0 may increase the fl exural strength of the specimens,while it may also decrease the ultimate deformation capacity of the specimen with β1 of 50.1.

Experimental Study on Seismic Behavior ofSeismic-damaged Lateral Joints in CompositeFrame Consisting of CFSST Columns and SteelBeams Strengthened with Enclosed ReinforcedConcrete

A new composite strengthening method of seismic-damaged lateral joints in composite frame consisting of Concrete-Filled SquareSteel Tubes （CFSST） columns and steel beams strengthened with enclosed Reinforced Concrete （RC） at the ends of columns andwelding steel plates at the ends of beams was presented. Based on the current design specifications, one half scaled models of 4lateral joints in composite frame consisting of CFSST columns and steel beams were designed and manufactured. One model wasoriginal control specimen, one was strengthened by enclosed RC, and the others were strengthened after pre-damage. The destructiontests under lateral cyclic load on the models were carried. The effectiveness of seismic-damaged joints strengthened with enclosedRC and the reinforcement effect on different levels of seismic damage were studied. The test results show that seismic- damagedjoints in composite frame consisting of CFSST columns and steel beams strengthened with enclosed RC meets the strongcolumn-weak beam joints requirement of seismic design, and the failure modes are of all joints are the bending failure of steel beam.The reinforcement with enclosed RC has a significant on increasing the ultimate capacity and the seismic behaviors of joints. Thestudy indicated the rehabilitated joints recover the level of their original seismic performances before seismic damage in a certainextent damage level. Based on the test data, namely the ultimate capacity, limit displacement, ductility, the energy consumptioncoefficient, limit displacementthe strengthening method of seismic-damaged joints by strengthened with enclosed RC is an effectivemethod for seismic strengthening.

配筋空心方钢管高强混凝土轴压中长柱有限元分析

目的 研究配筋空心方钢管高强混凝土轴压中长柱受力性能,改善传统空心钢管混凝土的力学性能,并为该类型柱的设计及试验研究提供依据。方法 基于有限元分析软件ABAQUS,对配筋空心方钢管高强混凝土轴压中长柱的力学性能进行有限元分析,在分析受力全过程的基础上,重点分析长细比、钢管宽厚比,混凝土强度、钢管强度、管桩类型、配筋率等参数对轴压力学性能的影响,并基于统一理论提出承载力计算公式。结果 配筋空心方钢管高强混凝土轴压中长柱各组分之间组合作用良好,内置管柱、增大钢管宽厚比、减小长细比及缩小夹层混凝土强度与管柱混凝土强度差距可以改善构件的延性、提升构件组合作用;笔者提出的修正公式计算结果精确且安全。结论 提高配筋空心方钢管高强混凝土的钢管强度、增大宽厚比、减小夹层混凝土与管柱混凝土强度差距可有效改善空心钢管混凝土脆性破坏,充分发挥构件的性能。