Synthesis of Water-Soluble Chitosan From Squid Pens Waste for Capsule Shell Materials

Water-Soluble Chitosan(WSC)has been sucessfuly synthesized from squid pens waste.The synthesis of chitosan from chitin was carried out by optimization of deacetylation temperature and time.Chitin was obtained from squid pens waste by demineralization and deproteinization process.HCl 7%was used for demineralization and NaOH 10%at 60℃ was applied for deproteinization process.Deacetylation reaction was carried out at varied temperatures i.e.,60℃,70℃,80℃,90℃ and 100℃ in NaOH 50%solution for 10 hours.Deacetylation reaction time were varied for 2 hours,4 hours,6 hours,8 hours,and 10 hours.The crude chitosan obtained then reacted with H2O230%to depolymerize.The synthesis product obtained then characterized by FTIR.The result of squid chitin yield was 33.9%.The optimum temperature and time of chitosan deacetylation process were 90℃ for 8 hours as indicated by the value of deacetylation degree(DD)that equal to 83.94%at optimum temperature and 82.22%at optimum reaction time.The percentage of WSC yield at optimum temperature(90℃)and optimum time(8 hours)were 27.59%and 23.16%,respectively.WSC solubility test was done in water and HCl 0,1N.The solubility of 2.8325 mg/mL and 0.8125 mg/mL were obtained in acid medium and water medium,respectively.

Tribological and Physicochemical Analysis of Squid Pen High-density Polyethylene Biocomposite for Medical Application

High-Density Polyethylene(HDPE)wear debris generated in the hip joint prothesis leads to its loosening.The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of Squid Pen(SP)on the tribological and physicochemical properties of HDPE matrix.Biocomposites filled with 0,5,10,15 and 20 wt.%SP were elaborated by hot compression molding.Wear tests were carried out using a reciprocating pin-on-disc tribometer.Rockwell hardness,Fourier-Transform infra-red(FTIR)analysis,Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM)of the biocomposite were analysed.FTIR analysis results of the biocomposites showed that an increase in the crystallinity rate was obtained with the addition of SP filler.Only 10 wt.%of SP has a significant effect on the hardness of the composite.The correlation between the friction coefficient and the wear resistance of the composite was investigated.The 5 wt.%SP-HDPE biocomposite has the lowest friction coefficient value with a decrease in the specific wear rate,compared to the unfilled HDPE.The SEM results showed that SP wear debris played an important role as a third roller body at the interface reducing the friction coefficient of the composite.It was concluded that the HDPE biocomposite could be successfully reinforced with 5 wt.%of SP.

Chitooligosaccharides from squid pen prepared using different enzymes:characteristics and the effect on quality of surimi gel during refrigerated storage

Chitooligosaccharides(COS)from squid pen produced using amylase,lipase and pepsin were characterized.COS produced by 8%(w/w)lipase(COS-L)showed the maximum FRAP and ABTS radical scavenging activity than those prepared using other two enzymes.COS-L had the average molecular weight(MW)of 79 kDa,intrinsic viscosity of 0.41 dL/g and water solubility of 49%.DPPH,ABTS radical scavenging activities,FRAP and ORAC of COS-L were 5.68,322.68,5.66 and 42.20μmol TE/g sample,respectively.Metal chelating activity was 2.58μmol EE/g sample.For antibacterial activity,minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC)and minimum bactericidal concentration(MBC)of COS-L against the targeted bacteria were in the range of 0.31–4.91 mg/mL and 0.62–4.91 mg/mL,respectively.Sardine surimi gel added with 1%(w/w)COS-L showed the lower PV,TBARS and microbial growth during 10 days of storage at 4°C.COS-L from squid pen could inhibit lipid oxidation and extend the shelf-life of refrigerated sardine surimi gel.

从鱿鱼软骨提取β-甲壳质及其结构表征与应用性能

采用海洋生物鱿鱼的软骨作为原料 ,通过简单的工艺 ,提取得到 β 甲壳质 ,并用波谱等表征技术确定了 β 甲壳质的结构。实验表明 β 甲壳质在 2 0 0℃以下是稳定的 ;80 0℃灼烧残渣质量分数可达 0 0 4% ;

鱿鱼骨壳聚糖的抑菌性能研究

研究了鱿鱼骨壳聚糖对食品中常见微生物的抑制作用,以大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、啤酒酵母、黑曲霉等为受试菌,研究了2种不同相对分子量的鱿鱼骨壳聚糖(1210、844kD)的抑菌性能,并探讨了壳聚糖抑菌作用的稳定性。结果表明,两种壳聚糖对四种菌都有明显的抑制作用,相应最小抑菌浓度对大肠杆菌为0·02%,对金黄色葡萄球菌、啤酒酵母、黑曲霉均为0·05%,壳聚糖的抑菌作用具有良好的热稳定性。

鱿鱼软骨壳聚糖的制备及其理化特性研究

以鱿鱼软骨为原料,研究碱液浓度、反应温度、反应时间等因素对甲壳素脱乙酰化的影响,得到较好的脱乙酰工艺,制得鱿鱼软骨壳聚糖,并对鱿鱼软骨壳聚糖的理化特性进行研究测定。结果表明:随着反应时间的延长、温度的升高以及NaOH浓度的增大,鱿鱼软骨壳聚糖的脱乙酰度增大;鱿鱼软骨壳聚糖具有较低的灰分含量、较强的黏性以及较高的水分和脂肪结合能力。红外分析表明:鱿鱼软骨壳聚糖为β-壳聚糖。

β-甲壳素的溶解及其流变性能分析

β-甲壳素是由鱿鱼软骨中提取的,其晶型结构区别于α-型。在LiCl/N-甲基吡咯烷酮和NaOH/尿素这两种溶剂体系中,β-甲壳素都表现出比α-甲壳素更好的溶解性能。通过对于LiCl/N-甲基吡咯烷酮体系做不同浓度的流变曲线,可以看出β-甲壳素的LiCl/N-甲基吡咯烷酮为假塑性流体,可纺性良好。通过红外图谱分析,LiCl/N-甲基吡咯烷酮体系溶解的甲壳素未发生晶型的转变。

秘鲁鱿鱼骨粉添加对酱油制曲的影响

通过在传统酱油曲料中添加鱿鱼骨粉,研究了鱿鱼骨粉对酱油曲料发酵过程中酵母和孢子数量、酶系及固形物含量变化的影响,并采用气相色谱质谱联用仪(gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer-computer,GC-MS)对酱油成曲进行挥发性香气成分分析。结果表明,添加适量鱿鱼骨粉对微生物生长及酶系分泌有一定促进效应,实验组中酵母数量、孢子数量、蛋白酶及淀粉酶活力及固形物含量等均高于对照组,其中鱿鱼骨粉添加量为1.3%的实验组在36 h时曲料外观、色泽、香气较好;GC-MS结果显示,添加量为1.3%实验组,成曲中挥发性成分达到36.31%,显著高于对照组的32.73%,但鱿鱼骨粉添加量与挥发性成分含量间并无正相关效应。

高透明度β-甲壳素纳米纤维薄膜的制备与性能

目的以废弃鱿鱼顶骨为原料,在温和条件下提取并制备高强度、高透明度的β-甲壳素纳米纤维薄膜。方法常温下利用温和提取法,从鱿鱼顶骨中提取β-甲壳素纳米纤维(β-ChNF);通过真空抽滤,制备β-甲壳素纳米纤维薄膜(β-ChNF/m)。并与以蟹壳为原料“高温提取”制备所得的α-甲壳素纳米纤维薄膜(α-ChNF/m)进行对比;通过力学性能、结晶结构、微观构造、表面化学特性及透光性分析,探索“温和条件”提取法对薄膜性能的影响规律。结果利用温和提取法,能最大程度保留β-ChNF在鱿鱼顶骨中的天然纳米形态与性能;与从蟹壳中提取所得α-甲壳素相比,研究制备所得β-ChNF/m比α-ChNF/m力学强度提高了近1.5倍,断裂伸长率提高了3倍,且具备优异的透光性,透光率为90%,雾度为4%。结论以鱿鱼顶骨为原料制备所得β-ChNF/m具有优异的透光性、力学性能,有望作为柔性电子标签基材应用于智慧包装、包装智能检测等研究领域。