Stability Criterion with Less LMI Variables for Linear Discrete-time Systems with Additive Time-delays

In this correspondence paper, an equivalent stability criterion with minimal number of linear matrix inequality （LMI） variables is presented for a delay-dependent stability criterion reported recently in the International Journal of Automation and Computing for a class of linear discrete-time systems with additive time delays. The reported stability criterion for the additive timedelay systems has more number of matrix variables in the LMI and, hence, demand additional computational burden. The proposed equivalent stability criterion, unlike the reported one, does not involve free-weighing matrices and encompass only the matrix variables that are associated in the Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional, making the criterion mathematically less complex and computationally more effective.

Energy analysis of stability of twin shallow tunnels based on nonlinear failure criterion

Based on nonlinear Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion, the analytical solutions of stability number and supporting force on twin shallow tunnels were derived using upper bound theorem of limit analysis. The optimized solutions were obtained by the technique of sequential quadratic programming. When nonlinear coefficient equals 1 and internal friction angle equals 0, the nonlinear Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion degenerates into linear failure criterion. The calculated results of stability number in this work were compared with previous results, and the agreement verifies the effectiveness of the present method. Under the condition of nonlinear Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion, the results show that the supporting force on twin shallow tunnels obviously increases when the nonlinear coefficient, burial depth, ground load or pore water pressure coefficients increase. When the clear distance is 0.5to 1.0 times the diameter of tunnel, the supporting force of twin shallow tunnels reaches its maximum value, which means that the tunnels are the easiest to collapse. While the clear distance increases to 3.5 times the diameter of tunnel, the calculation for twin shallow tunnels can be carried out by the method for independent single shallow tunnel. Therefore, 3.5 times the diameter of tunnel serves as a critical value to determine whether twin shallow tunnels influence each other. In designing twin shallow tunnels,appropriate clear distance value must be selected according to its change rules and actual topographic conditions, meanwhile, the influences of nonlinear failure criterion of soil materials and pore water must be completely considered. During the excavation process, supporting system should be intensified at the positions of larger burial depth or ground load to avoid collapses.

A simple criterion for finite time stability with application to impacted buckling of elastic columns

The existing theories of finite-time stability depend on a prescribed bound on initial disturbances and a prescribed threshold for allowable responses. It remains a challenge to identify the critical value of loading parameter for finite time instability observed in experiments without the need of specifying any prescribed threshold for al- lowable responses. Based on an energy balance analysis of a simple dynamic system, this paper proposes a general criterion for finite time stability which indicates that finite time stability of a linear dynamic system with constant coefficients during a given time interval [0, tf] is guaranteed provided the product of its maximum growth rate （determined by the maximum eigen-root pl 〉0） and the duration tf does not exceed 2, i.e., pltf 〈2. The proposed criterion （pltf=2） is applied to several problems of impacted buckling of elastic columns： （i） an elastic column impacted by a striking mass, （ii） longitudinal impact of an elastic column on a rigid wall, and （iii） an elastic column compressed at a constant speed （＂Hoff problem＂）, in which the time-varying axial force is replaced approximately by its average value over the time duration. Comparison of critical parameters predicted by the proposed criterion with available experimental and simulation data shows that the proposed criterion is in robust reasonable agreement with the known data, which suggests that the proposed simple criterion （pltf---2） can be used to estimate critical parameters for finite time stability of dynamic systems governed by linear equations with constant coefficients.

Another Elementary Proof of the Stability Criterion of Liénard and Chipart

Using the theory of polynomials,this paper gives a new necessary and sufficient condition for a polynomial to be Hurwitz polynomial,a simple proof of the stability criterion of Liénard and Chipart is also obtained.

THE CRITERIONS FOR ABSOLUTE STABILITY OF DIRECT CONTROL SYSTEMS OF LURIE TYPE

In this paper, we give necessary and sufficient conditions for absolute stability of several classes of direct control systems, and discuss the absolute stability of the first canonical form of control system. The corresponding results in references [3,5,6] and [7] are improved.

Stability analysis of the projectile based on random center manifold reduction

The center manifold method has been widely used in the field of stochastic dynamics as a dimensionality reduction method.This paper studied the angular motion stability of a projectile system under random disturbances.The random bifurcation of the projectile is studied using the idea of the Routh-Hurwitz stability criterion,the center manifold reduction,and the polar coordinates transformation.Then,an approximate analytical presentation for the stationary probability density function is found from the related Fokker–Planck equation.From the results,the random dynamical system of projectile generates three different dynamical behaviors with the changes of the bifurcation parameter and the noise strength,which can be a reference for projectile design.

Simplified Method of Stability Analysis of Nonlinear Systems without Using of Lyapunov Concept

In this paper a new simplified method of stability study of dynamical nonlinear systems is proposed as an alternative to using Lyapunov’s method. Like the Lyapunov theorem, the new concept describes a sufficient condition for the systems to be globally stable. The proposed method is based on the assumption that, not only the state matrix contains information on the stability of the systems, but also the eigenvectors. So, first we will write the model of nonlinear systems in the state-space representation, then we use the eigenvectors of the state matrix as system stability indicators.

Stability Investigation and Improvement for DC Cascade Systems with Simplified Impedance-based Stability Criterion

In DC distributed power systems(DPSs),the complex impedance interactions possibly lead to DC bus voltage oscillation or collapse.In previous research,the stability analysis of DPSs is implemented based on mathematical analysis in control theory.The specific mechanisms of the instability of the cascade system have not been intuitively clarified.In this paper,the stability analysis of DPSs based on the traditional Nyquist criterion is simplified to the resonance analysis of the seriesconnected port impedance(Z=R+jX)of source and load converters.It reveals that the essential reason for impedance instability of a DC cascade system is that the negative damping characteristic(R<0)of the port the overall impedance amplifies the internal resonance source at reactance zero-crossing frequency.The simplified stability criterion for DC cascade systems can be concluded as:in the negative damping frequency ranges(R<0),there exists no zero-crossing point of the reactance component(i.e.,X=0).According to the proposed stability criterion,the oscillation modes of cascade systems are classified.A typical one is the internal impedance instability excited by the negative damping,and the other one is that the external disturbance amplified by negativity in a low stability margin.Thus,the impedance reshaping method for stability improvement of the system can be further specified.The validity of the simplified criterion is verified theoretically and experimentally by a positive damping reshaping method.

Comparison of Two Novel MRAS Based Strategies for Identifying Parameters in Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors

Two model reference adaptive system （MRAS） estimators are developed for identifying the parameters of permanent magnet synchronous motors （PMSM） based on the Lyapunov stability theorem and the Popov stability criterion, respectively. The proposed estimators only need online measurement of currents, voltages, and rotor speed to effectively estimate stator resistance, inductance, and rotor flux-linkage simultaneously. The performance of the estimators is compared and verified through simulations and experiments, which show that the two estimators are simple, have good robustness against parameter variation, and are accurate in parameter tracking. However, the estimator based on the Popov stability criterion, which can overcome parameter variation in a practical system, is superior in terms of response speed and convergence speed since there are both proportional and integral units in the estimator, in contrast to only one integral unit in the estimator based on the Lyapunov stability theorem. In addition, the estimator based on the Popov stability criterion does not need the expertise that is required in designing a Lyapunov function.

Frequency domain stability criteria for fractional-order control systems

This paper concerns about the frequency domain stability criteria for fractional-order control systems. On the base of characteristics of the fractional-order equations solutions, we consider the Nyquist stability criterion in a wider sense and obtain a more common means to analyze the stability of fractional-order systems conveniently. Finally, this paper illustrates the generalized stability criteria with an example to show the effect of the parameters variation on the fractional-order control systems.

Feedback Scheduling of Model-based Networked Control Systems with Flexible Workload

In this paper,a novel control structure called feedback scheduling of model-based networked control systems is proposed to cope with a flexible network load and resource constraints.The state update time is adjusted according to the real-time network congestion situation.State observer is used under the situation where the state of the controlled plant could not be acquired.The stability criterion of the proposed structure is proved with time-varying state update time.On the basis of the stability of the novel system structure,the compromise between the control performance and the network utilization is realized by using feedback scheduler. Examples are provided to show the advantage of the proposed control structure.

A DISCUSSION OF NON-LINEAR MECHANISM ON SUBTROPICAL ANTICYCLONE'S EXTENDING/SHRINKING OVER EAST-ASIA IN SUMMER

Based on the actual circulation structure as well as weather characters over East_Asia subtropical region in summer, by using three_dimension non_linear forced/dissipated dynamic model, the activities of subtropical anticyclone over East_Asia have been studied and discussed. The potential enstrophy criteria of system stability have been derived and also been analysed. The criterion can provide useful reference for analysing and predicting subtropical anticyclone's extending/shrinking as well as corresponding weather over East_Asia in summer.

Dynamical investigation and parameter stability region analysis of a flywheel energy storage system in charging mode

In this paper, the dynamic behavior analysis of the electromechanical coupling characteristics of a flywheel energy storage system （FESS） with a permanent magnet （PM） brushless direct-current （DC） motor （BLDCM） is studied. The Hopf bifurcation theory and nonlinear methods are used to investigate the generation process and mechanism of the coupled dynamic behavior for the average current controlled FESS in the charging mode. First, the universal nonlinear dynamic model of the FESS based on the BLDCM is derived. Then, for a 0.01 kWh/1.6 kW FESS platform in the Key Laboratory of the Smart Grid at Tianjin University, the phase trajectory of the FESS from a stable state towards chaos is presented using numerical and stroboscopic methods, and all dynamic behaviors of the system in this process are captured. The characteristics of the low-frequency oscillation and the mechanism of the Hopf bifurcation are investigated based on the Routh stability criterion and nonlinear dynamic theory. It is shown that the Hopf bifurcation is directly due to the loss of control over the inductor current, which is caused by the system control parameters exceeding certain ranges. This coupling nonlinear process of the FESS affects the stability of the motor running and the efficiency of energy transfer. In this paper, we investigate into the effects of control parameter change on the stability and the stability regions of these parameters based on the averaged-model approach. Furthermore, the effect of the quantization error in the digital control system is considered to modify the stability regions of the control parameters. Finally, these theoretical results are verified through platform experiments.

Transient Stability Analysis Using Transmission Line Measurement

The novel quantitative assessment method using transmission line measurement was developed. A new style of stability criterion was suggested which is based on the line measurement. The stability indices for lines, cutsets and power system according to features of transient energy in the lines were given, which not only provide a reliable and accurate assessment of the transient stability of power system, but also can be used to assess the effect of lines and cutsets on the transient stability and identify the weak transmission segment. Examples were presented by simulation on the IEEE-39 buses test system.

Schur Complement Based Preconditioners for Twofold and Block Tridiagonal Saddle Point Problems

In this paper,we consider using Schur complements to design preconditioners for twofold and block tridiagonal saddle point problems.One type of the preconditioners are based on the nested(or recursive)Schur complement,the other is based on an additive type Schur complement after permuting the original saddle point systems.We analyze different preconditioners incorporating the exact Schur complements.We show that some of them will lead to positively stable preconditioned systems if proper signs are selected in front of the Schur complements.These positive-stable preconditioners outperform other preconditioners if the Schur complements are further approximated inexactly.Numerical experiments for a 3-field formulation of the Biot model are provided to verify our predictions.

A novel LMI criterion for power system stability with multiple time-delays

This paper presents a novel LMI criterion for electric power system stability with multiple time-delays.Initially,the linear time-invariant model of the power system with multiple delays is constructed,subsequently,the former criteria and the novel criterion of this paper are demonstrated in this paper,and the novel criterion is fully proved according to Lyapunov direct method.Specifically,the proposed criterion utilizes a properly simplified Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional,and no free-weighting matrix is introduced in the formation of new criterion,as a consequence,the calculation efficiency is remarkably enhanced.A typical second-order delay system,a single-generator-infinite-bus system and the WSCC 3-generator-9-bus delay system are taken to validate the effectiveness and efficiency enhancement of the proposed criterion.The numerical results indicate that the criterion of this paper can generate the same stability margin with the former ones.Further,the numerical results also verify that the proposed criterion’s efficiency is substantially boosted and calculation time is greatly curtailed.

The Stability Criterion Model and Stability Analysis of Waxy Crude Oil Pipeline Transportation System Based on Excess Entropy Production

Based on the theory of non-equilibrium thermodynamics, considering the dynamic effect of molecular diffusion and the change in thermodynamic parameters caused by wax precipitation, the phenomenological relations of different thermodynamic "force" and "flow" interactions were derived. The corresponding thermodynamic model of a waxy crude oil pipeline transportation system was built, and then, the excess entropy production expression was proposed. Furthermore, the stability criterion model of the pipeline transportation system was established on the basis of Lyapounov stability theory. Taking the oil pipeline in Daqing oilfield as an example, based on the four parameters of out-station temperature, out-station pressure, flow rate and water content, the stable and unstable regions of the system were divided, and the formation mechanisms of the two different regions were analyzed. The experimental loop device of wax deposition rate was designed, and then, the wax deposition rate under the four parameters was measured. The results showed that the stable region of the wax deposition rate fluctuation was basically in accordance with the stability region analyzed by the criterion model established in this paper, which proved that the stability criterion model was feasible for analyzing the stability of the waxy crude oil pipeline transportation process.

The stability analysis of rolling motion of hypersonic vehicles and its validations

The stability of the rolling motion of near space hypersonic vehicles with rudder control is studied using method of qualitative analysis of nonlinear differential equations, and the stability criteria of the deflected rolling motions are improved. The out- comes can serve as the basis for further study regarding the influence of pitching and lateral motion on the stability of rolling motion. To validate the theoretical results, numerical simulations were do^e for the rolling motion of two hypersonic vehicles with typical configurations. Also, wind tunnel experiments for four aircraft models with typical configurations have been done. The results show that： 1） there exist two dynamic patterns of the rolling motion under statically stable condition. The first one is point attractor, for which the motion of aircraft returns to the original state. The second is periodic attractor, for which the aircraft rolls periodically. 2） Under statically unstable condition, there exist three dynamic patterns of rolling motion, namely, the point attractor, periodic attractor around deflected state of rolling motion, and double periodic attractors or chaotic attrac- tors.

Theoretical and experimental investigation on novel 2D maglev servo proportional valve

This paper presents a novel two-dimensional maglev servo proportional cartridge valve(2 D maglev valve),where a contactless maglev coupling is introduced between electro-mechanical converter and valve body to realize functions of force transmission,spool position feedback and linear-rotary motion conversion.Such configuration can effectively reduce cost of both valve manufacturing and electro-mechanical converter,while still maintain features of 2 D valve such as null pilot leakage,high power-to-weight ratio and excellent anti-pollution capacity.Firstly,the characteristic equation of the valve is derived using linear theory,and the stability criterion is established for parameter determination.The influences of crucial structural parameters such as initial height of overlapping area,width of high-pressure and low-pressure holes,acting radius of magnetic force,pitch angle of maglev coupling,length of sensitive chamber and system pressure on the dynamic response are investigated based on AMESim numerical simulation.The prototype valve is then designed and manufactured and a special test rig is built.The no-load flow characteristic,load flow characteristic,leakage characteristic,amplitude and phase frequency characteristics and step response under different system pressures are measured.The experimental results are in a good agreement with the simulated analysis.As an over-damped system,the prototype valve has excellent working stability,which can reach a no-load flow rate of 105.9 L/min with hysteresis of 3.51%,amplitude bandwidth of 28.7 Hz and phase bandwidth of 42.8 Hz under 21 MPa.The research indicates that the 2 D maglev valve can be a potential solution of flow rate control valve for flight control surface system of civil aircraft with high pressure and large flow rate application.

Stability Analysis of Multi-paralleled Grid-connected Inverters Including Distribution Parameter Characteristics of Transmission Lines

The sparse distribution characteristics of renewable energy resources can lead to there being tens of kilometers of transmission lines between a grid-connected inverter and the actual grid.Accurate analysis of the stability of such gridconnected inverter systems currently involves using a complex hyperbolic function to shaped model of the transmission line circuit.This has proved to be problematic,so,drawing upon the distribution parameter characteristics of transmission lines,this paper looks at how to use impedance-based stability criteria to assess the stability of multi-paralleled grid-connected inverters.First,the topology of multi-paralleled inverters connected to the grid via transmission lines is established,using each transmission line terminal as a grid connection point.Each grid-connected system is taken to be equivalent to a small-signal circuit model of the“current source-grid”.Euler’s formula and the Nyquist stability criterion are combined to assess the stability of the associated grid-connected current transfer functions and evaluate the stability of the grid-connected current.Finally,a simulation analysis circuit is constructed to verify whether power line intervention will cause stability problems in the grid-connected system.Overall,it is found that long-distance transmission lines are more likely to cause unstable output of the grid-connected current.It is also found that the number of grid-connected inverters,the short-circuit ratio(SCR),the distorted grid and the inverter parameters can all have a significant impact on the stability of the grid-connected current.