Four new dammarane-type triterpenoid saponins,namely notoginsenosides SFt1-SFt4(1-4)were isolated from the steamed leaves of Panax notoginseng(Burk.)F.H.Chen(Araliaceae),together with 17 known saponins.Their structure...Four new dammarane-type triterpenoid saponins,namely notoginsenosides SFt1-SFt4(1-4)were isolated from the steamed leaves of Panax notoginseng(Burk.)F.H.Chen(Araliaceae),together with 17 known saponins.Their structures were established on the basis of detailed spectroscopic analyses and acidic hydrolysis.The known ginsenosides Rk2 and Rh3 were obtained from P.notoginseng for the first time.All of these new saponins showed no in vitro cytotoxicity against five human cancer cell lines(HL-60,SMMC-7712,A-549,MCF-7,and SW480).展开更多
Objective To prepare an active anti-tumor component,compound K(C-K),from saponins in leaves of Panax notoginseng(SLPN) using immobilized β-glucanase.Methods Two entrapments,alginate gel-1(Alg 1) and alginate gel-2(Al...Objective To prepare an active anti-tumor component,compound K(C-K),from saponins in leaves of Panax notoginseng(SLPN) using immobilized β-glucanase.Methods Two entrapments,alginate gel-1(Alg 1) and alginate gel-2(Alg 2),were evaluated for their ability to immobilize β-glucanase.The amount and purity of C-K obtained from the transformation process were analyzed by HPLC,and the immobilizing parameters were optimized.Results β-Glucanase can be immobilized and reused with either of the entrapment.However,using Alg 1 resulted in higher enzyme activity than Alg 2.The optimal concentration of the immobilized enzyme was 10%;The optimal crosslinking time was 4–6 h;and the optimal concentration of the crosslinking agent was 6%– 7%.Conclusion Immobilized β-glucanase shows sustained enzyme activity,good ethanol tolerance,and was reusable for the preparation of C-K from SLPN.展开更多
为选择较好的三七叶干燥方式,分别采用热风干燥、热泵干燥、真空干燥3种方式对三七叶进行干燥,测定不同干燥方式下三七叶的总皂苷、多糖、总酚和总黄酮含量以及单体皂苷含量,评估其体外抗氧化和α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制能力,采用气相色谱-离...为选择较好的三七叶干燥方式,分别采用热风干燥、热泵干燥、真空干燥3种方式对三七叶进行干燥,测定不同干燥方式下三七叶的总皂苷、多糖、总酚和总黄酮含量以及单体皂苷含量,评估其体外抗氧化和α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制能力,采用气相色谱-离子迁移谱联用技术鉴定其挥发性成分,并采用非靶向代谢组学技术分析其代谢物变化。结果表明:3种干燥方式均可明显提高三七叶的总皂苷和多糖含量,降低其总酚和总黄酮含量,但均不同程度地减弱了其功能活性;其中热泵干燥组的总皂苷和多糖含量最高,并具有最强的1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼自由基清除能力和α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制能力,以及较强的2,2’-联氮-双-3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸阳离子自由基清除能力和铁还原能力;高效液相色谱分析发现热泵干燥显著降低了三七叶中三七皂苷Fc、Fe的含量,而真空干燥组与之相反;从三七叶中共检测出85种挥发性成分,其中热泵干燥组的醇类和醛类化合物相对含量最高,而酮类化合物相对含量最低,且不同处理组之间有明显区别;采用超高效液相色谱-四极杆-轨道阱质谱联用技术从热泵干燥前后的三七叶中鉴定出659种代谢物,其中有113种和68种代谢物分别在正、负离子模式下表达显著上调,98种和31种代谢物分别在正、负离子模式下表达显著下调,主要包括脂质和类脂分子、有机杂环化合物、有机酸及其衍生物等。针对三七叶中24种皂苷类代谢物进行进一步分析,发现其中7种相对含量显著降低、1种相对含量显著升高,这也印证了高效液相色谱的测定结果;对差异代谢物进行京都基因与基因组百科全书(Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes,KEGG)富集分析,发现新鲜三七叶在热泵干燥过程中最可能存在的代谢通路有氨基酸的生物合成、2-氧羧酸代谢及辅助因子的生物合成。综上,热泵干燥对三七叶的化学成分和功能活性具有最好的保持效果,较适合用于三七叶的干燥,其可通过多个作用途径改变三七叶的代谢物组成,并影响其挥发性成分含量。展开更多
基金This work was supported by the 973 Program of Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2011CB915503).
文摘Four new dammarane-type triterpenoid saponins,namely notoginsenosides SFt1-SFt4(1-4)were isolated from the steamed leaves of Panax notoginseng(Burk.)F.H.Chen(Araliaceae),together with 17 known saponins.Their structures were established on the basis of detailed spectroscopic analyses and acidic hydrolysis.The known ginsenosides Rk2 and Rh3 were obtained from P.notoginseng for the first time.All of these new saponins showed no in vitro cytotoxicity against five human cancer cell lines(HL-60,SMMC-7712,A-549,MCF-7,and SW480).
基金ZHAO Yu-qing was supportive with a Liaoning Modernization TCM grant (LN403004),China
文摘Objective To prepare an active anti-tumor component,compound K(C-K),from saponins in leaves of Panax notoginseng(SLPN) using immobilized β-glucanase.Methods Two entrapments,alginate gel-1(Alg 1) and alginate gel-2(Alg 2),were evaluated for their ability to immobilize β-glucanase.The amount and purity of C-K obtained from the transformation process were analyzed by HPLC,and the immobilizing parameters were optimized.Results β-Glucanase can be immobilized and reused with either of the entrapment.However,using Alg 1 resulted in higher enzyme activity than Alg 2.The optimal concentration of the immobilized enzyme was 10%;The optimal crosslinking time was 4–6 h;and the optimal concentration of the crosslinking agent was 6%– 7%.Conclusion Immobilized β-glucanase shows sustained enzyme activity,good ethanol tolerance,and was reusable for the preparation of C-K from SLPN.
文摘为选择较好的三七叶干燥方式,分别采用热风干燥、热泵干燥、真空干燥3种方式对三七叶进行干燥,测定不同干燥方式下三七叶的总皂苷、多糖、总酚和总黄酮含量以及单体皂苷含量,评估其体外抗氧化和α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制能力,采用气相色谱-离子迁移谱联用技术鉴定其挥发性成分,并采用非靶向代谢组学技术分析其代谢物变化。结果表明:3种干燥方式均可明显提高三七叶的总皂苷和多糖含量,降低其总酚和总黄酮含量,但均不同程度地减弱了其功能活性;其中热泵干燥组的总皂苷和多糖含量最高,并具有最强的1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼自由基清除能力和α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制能力,以及较强的2,2’-联氮-双-3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸阳离子自由基清除能力和铁还原能力;高效液相色谱分析发现热泵干燥显著降低了三七叶中三七皂苷Fc、Fe的含量,而真空干燥组与之相反;从三七叶中共检测出85种挥发性成分,其中热泵干燥组的醇类和醛类化合物相对含量最高,而酮类化合物相对含量最低,且不同处理组之间有明显区别;采用超高效液相色谱-四极杆-轨道阱质谱联用技术从热泵干燥前后的三七叶中鉴定出659种代谢物,其中有113种和68种代谢物分别在正、负离子模式下表达显著上调,98种和31种代谢物分别在正、负离子模式下表达显著下调,主要包括脂质和类脂分子、有机杂环化合物、有机酸及其衍生物等。针对三七叶中24种皂苷类代谢物进行进一步分析,发现其中7种相对含量显著降低、1种相对含量显著升高,这也印证了高效液相色谱的测定结果;对差异代谢物进行京都基因与基因组百科全书(Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes,KEGG)富集分析,发现新鲜三七叶在热泵干燥过程中最可能存在的代谢通路有氨基酸的生物合成、2-氧羧酸代谢及辅助因子的生物合成。综上,热泵干燥对三七叶的化学成分和功能活性具有最好的保持效果,较适合用于三七叶的干燥,其可通过多个作用途径改变三七叶的代谢物组成,并影响其挥发性成分含量。