NEJM:阿比特龙在未接受过激素治疗的高危前列腺癌中的应用(STAMPEDE试验结果)

前列腺癌去势抵抗的重要机制之一是甾体类前体可在前列腺癌细胞中转化为雄激素类甾体。CYP17是睾丸、肾上腺和前列腺癌组织中雄激素合成的一种重要的酶，抑制CYP17与雄激素剥夺治疗联用可更为有效的降低雄激素。而醋酸阿比特龙是一种高选择性的、不可逆的CYP17抑制剂，已有研究表明，标准治疗联用醋酸阿比特龙和泼尼松可以延长去势抵抗性前列腺癌患者的生存率。

Emergency preparedness for mass gatherings： Lessons of ＂12.31＂ stampede in Shanghai Bund

According to WHO, one of these mass gatherings with critical risk is stampedes. Shanghai “12.31” stampede was a preventable tragedy that the government and event planner hold responsibility for. At the same time, it can be a legacy for improvement in the future. The government should draw experience on the implementation of an emergency preparedness system, in order to improve the rapid emergency response during mass gatherings in the future.

Pudong’s Growth Spurt

FOR many native residents of Shanghai in their middle advanced years,the stampede at the Lujiazui ferry on December 10,1987,that killed 66 is a memory too painful to let go.On the morning of that fateful day,the ferry service on the Huangpu River,which divides the city into Pudong and Puxi,was suspended for hours due to heavy fog.When it resumed,tens of thousands of anxious passengers from Pudong who had jobs in Puxi jostled to take the boat,resulting in a stampede killing dozens and injuring many more.

Prediction and Control of Wrinkle and Fracture for Stamping Regular Polygonal Box

Based on the deformation characteristic of regular polygonal box stamped parts and the superfluous triangle material wrinkle model,the criterion of regular polygonal box stamped parts without wrinkle was deduced and used to predict and control the wrinkle limit.According to the fracture model,the criterion of regular polygonal box stamped parts without fracture was deduced and used to predict and control the fracture limit.Combining the criterion for stamping without wrinkle with that without fracture,the stamping criterion of regular polygonal box stamped parts was obtained to predict and control the stamping limit.Taken the stainless steel0Cr18Ni9(SUS304)sheet and the square box stamped part as examples,the limit diagram was given to predict and control the wrinkle,fracture and stamping limits.It is suitable for the deep drawing without flange,the deep drawing and stretching combined forming with flange and the rigid punch stretching of plane blank.The limit deep-drawing coefficient and the minimum deep-drawing coefficient can be determined,and the appropriate BHF(blank holder force)and the deep-drawing force can be chosen.These provide a reference for the technology planning,the die and mold design and the equipment determination,and a new criterion evaluating sheet stamping formability,which predicts and controls the stamping process,can be applied to the deep drawing under constant or variable BHF conditions.

Glass Forming Ability and Magnetic Property of Fe74Al4Sn2（PSiB）20 Amorphous Alloy

Based on the deformation characteristic of regular polygonal box stamped parts and the superfluous triangle material wrinkle model, the criterion of regular polygonal box stamped parts without wrinkle was deduced and used to predict and control the wrinkle limit. According to the fracture model, the criterion of regular polygonal box stamped parts without fracture was deduced and used to predict and control the fracture limit. Combining the criterion for stamping without wrinkle with that without fracture, the stamping criterion of regular polygonal box stamped parts was obtained to predict and control the stamping limit. Taken the stainless steel 0Cr18Ni9 (SUS304) sheet and the square box stamped part as examples, the limit diagram was given to predict and control the wrinkle, fracture and stamping limits. It is suitable for the deep drawing without flange, the deep drawing and stretching combined forming with flange and the rigid punch stretching of plane blank. The limit deep-drawing coefficient and the minimum deep-drawing coefficient can be determined, and the appropriate BHF (blank holder force) and the deep-drawing force can be chosen. These provide a reference for the technology planning, the die and mold design and the equipment determination, and a new criterion evaluating sheet stamping formability, which predicts and controls the stamping process, can be applied to the deep drawing under constant or variable BHF conditions.

Stereo Matching of Planar Curves Composed of Time Stamped Points

Matching features such as curve segments in stereo images play a very important role in scene recomtruction. In this paper, a stereo matching algorithm for the trajectories composed of time stamped points is proposed. Based on time stamped points, planar curve match measurements are given first, such as time constraint, cross-ratio invariant constraint and eplpolar geometry constraint; then, a trajectory matching method is proposed based on epipolar geometry constraint and cross-ratio invariant constraint. In order to match the planar curve segments projected by perspective projection system, the curve start time and end time are selected first to prepare match candidates. Then, the epipolar equation is used to discard the unmatched curve segment candidates. At last, a cross ratio invariant constxaint is used to find the most matched curve segments. If their match measurement is higher than the specialized threshold, a candidate with the least cross ratio difference is then selected as the match result; otherwise, no match is found. Unlike the conventional planar curve segments matching algorithm, this paper presents a weakly calibrated binocular stereo vision system which is based on wide baseline. The stamped points are obtained by targets detecting method of flying objects from image sequences. Due to wide baseline, there must exist the projection not in epipolar monotonic order or the curve segments located in very short distance and keeping the epipolar monotonic order. By using the method mentioned above, experiments are made to match planar curve segments not only in epipolar monotonic order but also not in epipolar monotonic order. The results show that the performance of our curve matching algorithm is effective for matching the arc-like planar trajectories composed of time stamped points.

Getting better at treating prostate cancer: what clinicians should want from scientists

If the treatment landscape for prostate cancer is to be transformed,clinicians and scientists must work together ever more closely.Prostate cancer defeats physicians when patients are not accurately stratified according to patients’risk of dying of disease,when the effects of tumor heterogeneity are insufficiently understood,and when attempts at therapy by clinicians spur further disease evolution and the emergence of new resistance mechanisms.At the same time,clinicians’over-treat men who in reality do not need it,and some of those men needlessly suffer long term side effects as a result.This commentary is aimed at stimulating debate about how we as clinicians and scientists can assist one another and improve our knowledge to the benefit of patients dying from metastatic disease.

Optimal Exit Layout Strategy for Crowd Safety Evacuation in a Ramp Domain

Pedestrian behavior modeling plays a considerably important role in improving operational efficiency and safety of pedestrian infrastructure.In this paper,we first propose a cost potential field cellular automata model that simulates crowd evacuation dynamics on a ramp with two exits.In the model,each pedestrian navigates according to the cost potential field in the ramp domain.Evacuation behaviors of pedestrians are investigated with respect to the ramp angle and the layout of the exits.An aggregated pushing force field is introduced to capture the effects of pushing interactions among pedestrians under congested situations.The phenomenon of pedestrians’falling down is modeled and demonstrated under various scenarios with different exit layouts and ramp angles.Numerical results show that an optimal layout strategy is to set the two exits in the center of the bottom and the top of the ramp,respectively.This typical exit layout design could effectively prevent and/or reduce crowd injury caused by the domino effect of pedestrians falling down in a stampede.

Fracture morphologies of a hot stamped steel and comparisons with several sheet metals

Hot stamping has been widely used in car industry to produce safety components. Most existing re- searches focused on the stamping and quenching process, but less on the mechanical properties of stamped parts. The fracture behaviors of hot stamped boron steel B1500HS have been studied, and other four commonly used sheet metals with different strengths, including Q235, TRIP780, QP980 and MS1300, were also introduced for comparison. Both uniaxial tests and mechanical trimming tests were performed, and the fracture surfaces under different stress states were observed and discussed. The SEM observations showed that the fracture models are closely related to the stress states, i. e., the tensile surfaces have ductile rupture characters while the trimming surfaces have brittle rupture characters. Compared with other steels, the quenched boron steel has smaller dimple size accompa- nied by shear planes in the tensile surface, and has smaller burnish zone in the trimming surface, and its cutting surface with ＇S＇ like shape is also very different with others. Furthermore, two fitted em pirical models were derived to describe the quantitative correlations between the average dimple diam- eter and the steel strength and between the percentage of burnish zone and the steel strength.