Cross-Target Stance Detection with Sentiments-Aware Hierarchical Attention Network

The task of cross-target stance detection faces significant challenges due to the lack of additional background information in emerging knowledge domains and the colloquial nature of language patterns.Traditional stance detection methods often struggle with understanding limited context and have insufficient generalization across diverse sentiments and semantic structures.This paper focuses on effectively mining and utilizing sentimentsemantics knowledge for stance knowledge transfer and proposes a sentiment-aware hierarchical attention network(SentiHAN)for cross-target stance detection.SentiHAN introduces an improved hierarchical attention network designed to maximize the use of high-level representations of targets and texts at various fine-grain levels.This model integrates phrase-level combinatorial sentiment knowledge to effectively bridge the knowledge gap between known and unknown targets.By doing so,it enables a comprehensive understanding of stance representations for unknown targets across different sentiments and semantic structures.The model’s ability to leverage sentimentsemantics knowledge enhances its performance in detecting stances that may not be directly observable from the immediate context.Extensive experimental results indicate that SentiHAN significantly outperforms existing benchmark methods in terms of both accuracy and robustness.Moreover,the paper employs ablation studies and visualization techniques to explore the intricate relationship between sentiment and stance.These analyses further confirm the effectiveness of sentence-level combinatorial sentiment knowledge in improving stance detection capabilities.

Writer Stance in Citations: An Ethnolinguistic and Paradigmatic Perspective

This study examines how writer stance is projected in citation from a comparative perspective.The dataset consisted of 120 qualitative and quantitative research articles(RAs)that were authored by Anglophone and Chinese applied linguists.ANO?VA tests revealed marked cross-language and cross-paradigmatic differences in stance-based dialogic engagement.

A multi-target stance detection based on Bi-LSTM network with position-weight

In the task of multi-target stance detection,there are problems the mutual influence of content describing different targets,resulting in reduction in accuracy.To solve this problem,a multi-target stance detection algorithm based on a bidirectional long short-term memory(Bi-LSTM)network with position-weight is proposed.First,the corresponding position of the target in the input text is calculated with the ultimate position-weight vector.Next,the position information and output from the Bi-LSTM layer are fused by the position-weight fusion layer.Finally,the stances of different targets are predicted using the LSTM network and softmax classification.The multi-target stance detection corpus of the American election in 2016 is used to validate the proposed method.The results demonstrate that the Bi-LSTM network with position-weight achieves an advantage of 1.4%in macro average F1 value in the comparison of recent algorithms.

RECOMMENDATIONS FOR REGIONAL COOPERATION IN DISTANCE EDUCATION

The Workshop acLopted the foliowlng recommendations for further actlon to promote regional cooperation In stance education：

Age-Related Differences in Coupling of Toe and Center of Pressure during the One-Legged Stance

This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of the coupling of the center of pressure (COP) movement and toes in older adults during one-legged standing (OLS). Participants were community dwelling older and younger adults. Toe vertical force during the OLS was recorded using a plantar-pressure distribution system, and the vertical forces in the hallux, little toe, and the first and fifth metatarsophalangeal (MP) joints were analyzed. A cross-correlation function was performed to examine the coordination between toes and between COP movement and four regions of the foot. The cross-correlation functions showed no significant difference in coefficients between toes. The OLS duration in the older adults was significantly correlated with the coefficient between the medial-lateral component of the COP and the first MP region. This study suggests that it is important to press the first MP region appropriately relative to COP movement to maintain the OLS.

Analysis of Authorial Stance in BA Thesis by EFL Learners in China

Based on Hyland’s(2005)framework of stance,this study explored the distribution of authorial stance used by undergraduates in their BA thesis.Through two self-built corpora,the result of the study shows that the use of stance markers in the corpora displays the following sequence:hedges>boosters>attitude markers>self-mentions.Further analysis on each stance marker reveals that undergraduates,as novice academic writers,have some problems with appropriately using stance markers in their academic discourses.The results provide some implications for both student writers and teachers of academic writing.

Tough Stance

A cross-continent operation against illegal wildlife trade was conducted from December 30, 2013, to January 26. 2014. The operation, codenamed Cobra II. was co-or- ganized by China, the United States, South Africa. the Lusaka Agreement Task Force （LATF）, the ASEAN Wild- life Enforcement Network and the South Asia Wildlife Enforcement Network. along with the support of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora （CITES）, the World Customs Organization and Interpol. The global crackdown focused on key species that are subject to illegal trade and achieved ＂excellent＂ results, according to john E. Scanlon, Secretary General of the CITES.

Taking the Hard-line Stance

CHINA＇S capital Beijing is home to about 120,000 foreign na- tionals. Their rising numbers add to the city＇s diversity and dynamism, but also pose a challenge - an administrative challenge - for government at different levels. A 100-day crackdown launched in May marks the country＇s first open attempt to target illegal aliens in Beijing.

The stance and factors of international organizations towards countries from a Chinese perspective

The degree and scope of constraints imposed by International Organizations(IOs)on States are increasing,and identifying the factors affecting the IOs’stances on States is helpful to enhance the state's discourse power and influence in the international community.First,by coding the records of Regular Press Conferences of the Speaking Office of the Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs during the period of 20182022,we obtained a dataset of IOs’stances on China-related events.Second,we constructed political relation,economic relation,and humanistic relation indicators to complement the influence factors,adopted the Bayesian logit model,and applied the Monte Carlo Markov chain algorithm and Gibbs sampling to analyze the probability of IOs’positive stances towards China.The result shows that IOs’category,length of establishment,functional position,and relationship with China are all related to their tendency of making a statement about China.In terms of the heterogeneity of event types,forum-type IOs are significantly inclined to give positive assessment compared to service-type IOs on events focusing on China's own development.Further analysis reveals that the model for analyzing and predicting the attitudes of IOs is more effective when the international situation is in a stable period.

Stance detection via sentiment information and neural network model

Stance detection aims to automatically determine whether the author is in favor of or against a given target.In principle,the sentiment information of a post highly influences the stance.In this study,we aim to leverage the sentiment information of a post to improve the performance of stance detection.However,conventional discrete models with sentimental features can cause error propagation.We thus propose a joint neural network model to predict the stance and sentiment of a post simultaneously,because the neural network model can learn both representation and interaction between the stance and sentiment collectively.Specifically, we first learn a deep shared representation between stance and sentiment information,and then use a neural stacking model to leverage sentimental information for the stance detection task.Empirical studies demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed joint neural model.

Reporting and Stance in Second Language Academic Writing

This paper reports on an inquiry into the construction of stance in finite reporting that-clauses. The data were drawn from two corpora of academic papers from a journal in the discipline of Applied Linguistics written by different language users： native speakers of English and Chinese writers using English as L2. By drawing on Sindair＇s distinction between ＂averral＂ and ＂attribution,＂ as well as Martin and White＇s notion of extra-vocalization, this paper sets up a framework for analyzing the sources in reporting clauses in order to examine how the writers construe their stances as visible, hedged or concealed. The study found that for self-sourced reports, the L2 writers are inclined to avoid direct self-mention which shows the greatest writer visibility, but instead use hidden averral with internal attribution. As for other-sourced reports, L2 writers prefer reporting verbs which are strong in the strength of attitude to make a much more definite and stronger claim, while native writers tactically use the moderate verbs and boosting expressions to construct more flexible stances. These discrepancies are likely to result from the disciplinary characteristics which are both community-based and context-situated.

STANCE中国智慧工厂

地点/浙江海宁设计/2017年/竣工/2018年业主浙江针永体育用品有限公司设计团队刘俊明、景怀睿(建筑);杜月、马海依、刘平、李季、朱健、濮思睿(室内);陈隽隽、赵敏、姜志远(景观)基地面积2.16 hm^2建筑面积2.

A Corpus-Based Comparative Study of Generality in Chinese EFL Students’ and International Scholars’ Stance in Academic Writing

Authorial stance has attracted increasing attention in the study of second language writing. Many studies have focused on certainty in students’ academic writing, but little attention has been paid to generality in students’ academic stance. Employing a corpus-based approach, this study investigates features of generality in Chinese EFL students’ stance in academic writing through comparison with the writing of international scholars. Results show that the Chinese EFL students employed significantly more generalization markers than international scholars in their academic writing, while the international scholars used more qualified generalizations. Moreover, clear differences in the focus of generalization markers and in the distribution of qualified generalizations were found, though the two groups exhibit similar tendencies in the functions of these generalization features. The findings suggest that Chinese EFL students tend to generalize their claims to a larger scope in order to make their academic writing more persuasive, leaving an impression of exaggeration and overstatement, whereas international scholars are more likely to restrict the use of generality markers in their academic writing, making more circumscribed claims. The results have practical and pedagogical implications for second language academic writing instruction.

Writer Identity Construction Revisited: Stance, Voice, Self, and Identity in Academic Written Discourse

Recent research on academic discourse has revealed the intersection of writing and writer identity construction. However, some terms that are being used in writer identity study are sometimes not only interchangeably used without making an explicit connection between them but also used in a way that may cause misunderstanding. The paper is intended to tease out four key terms, namely, stance, voice, self, and identity so that the respective role that each plays in academic written discourse can be differentiated on the one hand, and their interrelationship can be clarified on the other. It is hoped that such a panoramic picture can offer some pedagogical implications for academic writing teaching and research and provide some insights into the research on writer identity construction in academic written discourse as well.

Strait Stance

Despite rebukes against pro-independence Taiwan leader Chen Shui-bian's move to disrupt peace and stability across the Taiwan Strait, the mainland remains active in pushing forward links with the island. Sun Shengliang, a research fellow at the Institute of Taiwan Studies under the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, analyzes the mainland's stance and efforts in cross-strait relations. Following are excerpts of his article carried in the People's Daily Overseas Edition:

A Tougher Stance on Financial Risk

This year China＇s top banking regulator has scaled up its efforts to place financial markets under stricter scrutiny in order to better guard the sector against potential risks.

Use of Stance Adverbs in Academic English:A Comparison of L1 English and L1 Vietnamese Authors’ Writing

The present study investigates authorial stance in research articles of native and non-native academic authors of English. It aims to analyze evaluation adverbs in research articles written by native authors of English(NAEs) and Vietnamese-speaking authors of English(VAEs) between 2012 and 2015. The data of 120 articles was investigated to examine whether there is a significant difference in using stance adverbs between the two groups of authors. It was found that NAEs and VAEs used stance adverbs in a considerably different way. Most of the stance adverb categories were variously overused by NAEs against VAEs. It was also found that English native authors of research articles preferred indirect approaches of expressing their evaluation by an illocutionary way of manner-of-speaking,metalinguistic and expectation markers,while Vietnamese authors favored an epistemic way of modal adverbs.

刮街,保持低姿态行走 广州Stance玩车组织访问

每当在路上看到那些车身底盘降得特别低的车时,总是觉得他们在做一些虽然看起来很帅气,但总有些让人担心的事情。广州市区的路面上,总有些莫名其妙的设计,对于这种玩家来说,犹如小动物遇到天敌,毫无反抗能力。不过也恰恰是这样一个全思域FC的组织,用自己的玩车态度,扭转着本田思域这款车给人们的一些固定认知。刮街,一个新晋出现的Stance玩车组织。

Fully Superhydrophilic, Self-Floatable, and Multi-Contamination-Resistant Solar Steam Generator Inspired by Seaweed

Highly hydrophilic materials enable rapid water delivery and salt redissolution in solar-driven seawater desalination. However, the lack of independent floatability inhibits heat localization at the air/water interface. In nature, seaweeds with internal gas microvesicles can float near the sea surface to ensure photosynthesis. Here, we have developed a seaweed-inspired, independently floatable, but superhydrophilic (SIFS) solar evaporator. It needs no extra floatation support and can simultaneously achieve continuous water pumping and heat concentration. The evaporator resists salt accumulation, oil pollution, microbial corrosion, and protein adsorption. Densely packed hollow glass microbeads promote intrinsic floatability and heat insulation. Superhydrophilic zwitterionic sulfobetaine hydrogel provides a continuous water supply, redissolves the deposited salt, and endows the SIFS evaporator with excellent anti-fouling properties. With its unprecedented anti-contamination ability, this SIFS evaporator is expected to open a new avenue for designing floatable superhydrophilic materials and solving real-world issues of solar steam generation in complex environmental conditions.