Bamboo forest is an important land use in the traditional village of Penglipuran, Bali Indonesia. Bamboo growing in the rural areas can be a good choice for capturing CO2. I harvested selected culms to determine bioma...Bamboo forest is an important land use in the traditional village of Penglipuran, Bali Indonesia. Bamboo growing in the rural areas can be a good choice for capturing CO2. I harvested selected culms to determine biomass content, and 50 % of dry weight biomass was calculated as carbon content. The Penglipuran bamboo forest supported six bamboo species in a one hectare sampling plot, all of the genus Gigantochloa. The clump and culm densities were 339 and 7190 ha-1, respectively.Total above- plus below-ground biomass was87.35 Mg ha-1, and carbon storage was 43.67 Mg ha-1.Carbon storage estimated in the bamboo forest at Penglipuran offers insight into the opportunity for PES（payment for ecosystem services） through emission trading mechanisms.展开更多
To investigate plant biomass and nutrient distribution and accumulation in organs of Alnus cremastogyne at different ages from 1 to 4 years, the biomass, N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe and Zn were tested. The results showed that...To investigate plant biomass and nutrient distribution and accumulation in organs of Alnus cremastogyne at different ages from 1 to 4 years, the biomass, N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe and Zn were tested. The results showed that the average biomass of the whole tree and the biomass of leaf, branch, stem, and root were in positive correlation with tree age, but the growth rate of biomass had a decreasing trend with the tree age increasing, and only the biomass proportion of the trunk in the whole individual plant showed an increasing trend with age. The contents of nutrient elements in organs showed an order of N 〉 Ca 〉 K 〉 Mg 〉 P 〉 Fe 〉 Zn ; and the contents of N, P and K were higher in the leaf than in other organs, and the contents of Ca, Mg and Fe in the root were higher than in other organs. The accumulations of N, P, K, Ca, Mg and Zn were the highest in the trunk, and that of Fe was the highest in the root. The annual net accumulations of N, P, K, Ca and Mg in the average trees from 1 to 4 years old were 17.07, 40.79, 95.82 and 106.71 g, respectively, and the annual net accumulations of microelements （Fe and Zn） were 335.04, 577.26, 1267 and 1525.27 mg, respectively.展开更多
Marine macroalgae can absorb carbon and play an important role in carbon sequestration. As an important economic macroalga, Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis has the potential to significantly affect carbon absorption and ...Marine macroalgae can absorb carbon and play an important role in carbon sequestration. As an important economic macroalga, Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis has the potential to significantly affect carbon absorption and storage in wave-sheltered intertidal reef systems. However, detailed knowledge on seasonal biomass changes and carbon storage of G. lemaneiformis is lacking, especially in many small and scattered ecosystems. Considering the influence of human activities on wild distribution of G. lemaneiformis, the understanding of seasonal dynamics of an economically important species in nature is necessary. In this study, we first investigated seasonal variations in biomass, coverage area, and carbon storage during low tide from August 2011 to July 2012 in Zhanshan Bay, Qingdao, China. Furthermore, we estimated the carbon storage potential of wild G. lemaneiformis using light use efficiency （LUE）. The results show that the standing biomass and coverage area changed significantly with season. However, seasonal variations in carbon content and water content were not obvious, with an average content of 35.1% and 83.64%, respectively. Moreover, carbon storage in individual months varied between 0.67 and 47.03 g C/mE, and the value of carbon storage was the highest in August and June and the lowest in February. In Zhanshan Bay, LUE of G. lemaneiformis was only 0.23%. If it is increased to the theoretical maximum （5%-6%）, the carbon storage will have an increase of at least 21 times compared with the current, which suggested that carbon storage of wild G. lemaneiformis had a high enhancement potential. The study will help to assess a potential role of G. lemaneiformis in reducing atmospheric CO2展开更多
Mid-subtropical forests are the main vegetation type of global terrestrial biomes, and are critical for maintaining the global carbon balance. However, estimates of forest biomass increment in mid-subtropical forests ...Mid-subtropical forests are the main vegetation type of global terrestrial biomes, and are critical for maintaining the global carbon balance. However, estimates of forest biomass increment in mid-subtropical forests remain highly uncertain. It is critically important to determine the relative importance of different biotic and abiotic factors between plants and soil, particularly with respect to their influence on plant regrowth. Consequently,it is necessary to quantitatively characterize the dynamicspatiotemporal distribution of forest carbon sinks at a regional scale. This study used a large, long-term dataset in a boosted regression tree（BRT） model to determine the major components that quantitatively control forest biomass increments in a mid-subtropical forested region（Wuyishan National Nature Reserve, China）. Long-term,stand-level data were used to derive the forest biomass increment, with the BRT model being applied to quantify the relative contributions of various biotic and abiotic variables to forest biomass increment. Our data show that total biomass（t） increased from 4.62 9 106 to 5.30 9 106 t between 1988 and 2010, and that the mean biomass increased from 80.19 ± 0.39 t ha-1（mean ± standard error） to 94.33 ± 0.41 t ha-1in the study region. The major factors that controlled biomass（in decreasing order of importance） were the stand, topography, and soil. Stand density was initially the most important stand factor, while elevation was the most important topographic factor. Soil factors were important for forest biomass increment but have a much weaker influence compared to the other two controlling factors. These results provide baseline information about the practical utility of spatial interpolationmethods for mapping forest biomass increments at regional scales.展开更多
Assessment of regional forest carbon stocks and underlying controls is critical for guiding forest management in the context of carbon sequestration. We investigated the variations in tree biomass carbon stocks relati...Assessment of regional forest carbon stocks and underlying controls is critical for guiding forest management in the context of carbon sequestration. We investigated the variations in tree biomass carbon stocks relating to forest types, and estimated the total tree biomass carbon stocks and projected gains through natural stand development by 2020 and 2050 in the Daqing Mountain Nature Reserve based on Category II data of the Forest Inventory of Inner Mongolia for the period ending 2008. Over a total area of 388,577 ha,this nature reserve currently stores an estimated 2221 Gg C in tree aboveground biomass alone, with potential to grow by more than 30 % to reach 2938 Gg C by 2020 and nearly double to 4092 Gg C by 2050 through natural development of the existing forest stands. The tree biomass carbon density and potential gain in tree biomass carbon stocks vary markedly among forest types and with stand development.The variations in the potential change of tree biomass carbon density for the periods 2008–2020 and 2008–2050 among forest types partly reflect the varying relationships of tree biomass carbon density with stand age for different tree species, and partly are attributable to variations in the stand age structure among different forest types. Of the major forest types, the ranking of projected changes in tree biomass carbon density are not consistent with variations in the relationship between tree biomass carbon density and stand age, neither are they explainable by variations in stand age structures, implying the interactive effect between forest type and stand dynamics on temporal changes in tree biomass carbon density. Birch rank highest for future biomass carbon sequestration because of its dominance in cover area and better age structure for potential gain in tree biomass carbon stocks. Poplar and larch were out-performers compared to other forest types given their greater contribution to total tree biomass carbon stocks relative to their distributional areas. Findings in this study illustrate that protection and proper management of under-aged forests can deliver marked gains in biomass carbon sequestration. This is of great importance to policy-makers as well as to scientific communities in seeking effective solutions for adaptive forest management and mitigation of anthropogenic greenhouse gases emissions using forest ecosystems.展开更多
基金supported by the Indonesian Ministry of Research and Technology through the Research Incentive for Researchers and Engineers
文摘Bamboo forest is an important land use in the traditional village of Penglipuran, Bali Indonesia. Bamboo growing in the rural areas can be a good choice for capturing CO2. I harvested selected culms to determine biomass content, and 50 % of dry weight biomass was calculated as carbon content. The Penglipuran bamboo forest supported six bamboo species in a one hectare sampling plot, all of the genus Gigantochloa. The clump and culm densities were 339 and 7190 ha-1, respectively.Total above- plus below-ground biomass was87.35 Mg ha-1, and carbon storage was 43.67 Mg ha-1.Carbon storage estimated in the bamboo forest at Penglipuran offers insight into the opportunity for PES（payment for ecosystem services） through emission trading mechanisms.
基金Supported by Project of Science and Technology Department in Sichuan Province(2016NZ0043)
文摘To investigate plant biomass and nutrient distribution and accumulation in organs of Alnus cremastogyne at different ages from 1 to 4 years, the biomass, N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe and Zn were tested. The results showed that the average biomass of the whole tree and the biomass of leaf, branch, stem, and root were in positive correlation with tree age, but the growth rate of biomass had a decreasing trend with the tree age increasing, and only the biomass proportion of the trunk in the whole individual plant showed an increasing trend with age. The contents of nutrient elements in organs showed an order of N 〉 Ca 〉 K 〉 Mg 〉 P 〉 Fe 〉 Zn ; and the contents of N, P and K were higher in the leaf than in other organs, and the contents of Ca, Mg and Fe in the root were higher than in other organs. The accumulations of N, P, K, Ca, Mg and Zn were the highest in the trunk, and that of Fe was the highest in the root. The annual net accumulations of N, P, K, Ca and Mg in the average trees from 1 to 4 years old were 17.07, 40.79, 95.82 and 106.71 g, respectively, and the annual net accumulations of microelements （Fe and Zn） were 335.04, 577.26, 1267 and 1525.27 mg, respectively.
基金Supported by the National Special Research Fund for Non-Profit Marine Sector(No.201105021-8)the Twelfth Five-Year-Plan of National Science and Technology for Rural Development in China(No.2012AA10A411)
文摘Marine macroalgae can absorb carbon and play an important role in carbon sequestration. As an important economic macroalga, Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis has the potential to significantly affect carbon absorption and storage in wave-sheltered intertidal reef systems. However, detailed knowledge on seasonal biomass changes and carbon storage of G. lemaneiformis is lacking, especially in many small and scattered ecosystems. Considering the influence of human activities on wild distribution of G. lemaneiformis, the understanding of seasonal dynamics of an economically important species in nature is necessary. In this study, we first investigated seasonal variations in biomass, coverage area, and carbon storage during low tide from August 2011 to July 2012 in Zhanshan Bay, Qingdao, China. Furthermore, we estimated the carbon storage potential of wild G. lemaneiformis using light use efficiency （LUE）. The results show that the standing biomass and coverage area changed significantly with season. However, seasonal variations in carbon content and water content were not obvious, with an average content of 35.1% and 83.64%, respectively. Moreover, carbon storage in individual months varied between 0.67 and 47.03 g C/mE, and the value of carbon storage was the highest in August and June and the lowest in February. In Zhanshan Bay, LUE of G. lemaneiformis was only 0.23%. If it is increased to the theoretical maximum （5%-6%）, the carbon storage will have an increase of at least 21 times compared with the current, which suggested that carbon storage of wild G. lemaneiformis had a high enhancement potential. The study will help to assess a potential role of G. lemaneiformis in reducing atmospheric CO2
基金supported by National Forestry Public Welfare Foundation of China(201304205)National Science Foundation of China(31470578 and 31200363)+2 种基金Fujian Provincial Department of S&T Project(2016Y0083,2013YZ0001-1,2014J05044 and 2015Y0083)Xiamen Municipal Department of Science and Technology(3502Z20130037 and 3502Z20142016)Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS
文摘Mid-subtropical forests are the main vegetation type of global terrestrial biomes, and are critical for maintaining the global carbon balance. However, estimates of forest biomass increment in mid-subtropical forests remain highly uncertain. It is critically important to determine the relative importance of different biotic and abiotic factors between plants and soil, particularly with respect to their influence on plant regrowth. Consequently,it is necessary to quantitatively characterize the dynamicspatiotemporal distribution of forest carbon sinks at a regional scale. This study used a large, long-term dataset in a boosted regression tree（BRT） model to determine the major components that quantitatively control forest biomass increments in a mid-subtropical forested region（Wuyishan National Nature Reserve, China）. Long-term,stand-level data were used to derive the forest biomass increment, with the BRT model being applied to quantify the relative contributions of various biotic and abiotic variables to forest biomass increment. Our data show that total biomass（t） increased from 4.62 9 106 to 5.30 9 106 t between 1988 and 2010, and that the mean biomass increased from 80.19 ± 0.39 t ha-1（mean ± standard error） to 94.33 ± 0.41 t ha-1in the study region. The major factors that controlled biomass（in decreasing order of importance） were the stand, topography, and soil. Stand density was initially the most important stand factor, while elevation was the most important topographic factor. Soil factors were important for forest biomass increment but have a much weaker influence compared to the other two controlling factors. These results provide baseline information about the practical utility of spatial interpolationmethods for mapping forest biomass increments at regional scales.
基金funded by the Program for Public–Welfare Forestry of the State Forestry Administration of China(Grant No.201104008)
文摘Assessment of regional forest carbon stocks and underlying controls is critical for guiding forest management in the context of carbon sequestration. We investigated the variations in tree biomass carbon stocks relating to forest types, and estimated the total tree biomass carbon stocks and projected gains through natural stand development by 2020 and 2050 in the Daqing Mountain Nature Reserve based on Category II data of the Forest Inventory of Inner Mongolia for the period ending 2008. Over a total area of 388,577 ha,this nature reserve currently stores an estimated 2221 Gg C in tree aboveground biomass alone, with potential to grow by more than 30 % to reach 2938 Gg C by 2020 and nearly double to 4092 Gg C by 2050 through natural development of the existing forest stands. The tree biomass carbon density and potential gain in tree biomass carbon stocks vary markedly among forest types and with stand development.The variations in the potential change of tree biomass carbon density for the periods 2008–2020 and 2008–2050 among forest types partly reflect the varying relationships of tree biomass carbon density with stand age for different tree species, and partly are attributable to variations in the stand age structure among different forest types. Of the major forest types, the ranking of projected changes in tree biomass carbon density are not consistent with variations in the relationship between tree biomass carbon density and stand age, neither are they explainable by variations in stand age structures, implying the interactive effect between forest type and stand dynamics on temporal changes in tree biomass carbon density. Birch rank highest for future biomass carbon sequestration because of its dominance in cover area and better age structure for potential gain in tree biomass carbon stocks. Poplar and larch were out-performers compared to other forest types given their greater contribution to total tree biomass carbon stocks relative to their distributional areas. Findings in this study illustrate that protection and proper management of under-aged forests can deliver marked gains in biomass carbon sequestration. This is of great importance to policy-makers as well as to scientific communities in seeking effective solutions for adaptive forest management and mitigation of anthropogenic greenhouse gases emissions using forest ecosystems.
