Enhancing I^(0)/I^(-)Conversion Efficiency by Starch Confinement in Zinc-lodine Battery

The redox couple of I^(0)/I^(-)in aqueous rechargeable iodine–zinc(I^(2)-Zn)batteries is a promising energy storage resource since it is safe and cost-effective,and provides steady output voltage.However,the cycle life and efficiency of these batteries remain unsatisfactory due to the uncontrolled shuttling of polyiodide(I_(3)^(-)and I_(5)^(-))and side reactions on the Zn anode.Starch is a very low-cost and widely sourced food used daily around the world.“Starch turns blue when it encounters iodine”is a classic chemical reaction,which results from the unique structure of the helix starch molecule–iodine complex.Inspired by this,we employ starch to confine the shuttling of polyiodide,and thus,the I^(0)/I^(-)conversion efficiency of an I^(2)-Zn battery is clearly enhanced.According to the detailed characterizations and theoretical DFT calculation results,the enhancement of I^(0)/I^(-)conversion efficiency is mainly originated from the strong bonding between the charged products of I_(3)^(-)and I_(5)^(-)and the rich hydroxyl groups in starch.This work provides inspiration for the rational design of high-performance and low-cost I^(2)-Zn in AZIBs.

Starch Orodispersible Film Loaded with Melatonin for Human Supplementation

An innovative pharmaceutical form for administering melatonin,based on starch orodispersiblefilm(ODF),was designed and prepared.The composition of the ODF included starch as the polymer matrix,the active drug melatonin,and a plasticizer.Melatonin,a natural hormone produced by the pineal gland in the brain,can be absorbed by passive diffusion across the mucous membrane,resulting in improved bioavailability when compared to conventional oral administration.This study shows a simple and efficient method for preparing melatonin-loaded orodispersiblefilms with a physically stable and commercially viable matrix,suitable for use in the pharmaceutical industry.Thefilms were prepared by treating the starch with microwave irradiation,followed by plasticization with glycerol,melatonin loading and drying by solvent casting.Mechanical tests showed thefilms’robustness,with a modulus of approximately 97 MPa,indicating good handling properties.Moisture uptake analysis showed fast water absorption,reaching about 150%within 2 min,indicating its fast oral disintegration potential.Disintegration tests in artificial saliva and dissolution studies indicated the release of the drug in min-utes,indicating the potential properties of thefilm for oral drug delivery.To the best of our knowledge,there is no melatonin ODF based on starch described in the literature.

Differential roles of C-3 and C-6 phosphate monoesters in affecting potato starch properties

The effects of starch phosphate monoester content(SPC),namely C-3(C3P)and C-6 phosphate monoesters(C6P),on the starch properties were investigated using four potato starches with varied SPC/C3P/C6P and two nonphosphorylated maize starches with a similar range of amylose content(AC)as controls.The starch property results showed that a higher SPC is associated with lower turbidity,storage and loss modulus after storage,and water solubility,but higher swelling power(SP)and pasting viscosities.These findings suggested that SPC inhibited molecular rearrangement during storage and starch leaching during heating,and enhanced swelling and viscosities due to increased hydration and water uptake caused by the repulsion effect of phosphate groups and a less ordered crystalline structure.Increased SPC also resulted in lower resistant starch(RS)content in a native granular state but higher RS after retrogradation.Pearson correlations further indicated that SPC/C3P/C6P were positively correlated with peak(r^(2)=0.925,0.873 and 0.930,respectively),trough(r^(2)=0.994,0.968 and 0.988,respectively),and final viscosities(r^(2)=0.981,0.968 and 0.971,respectively).Notably,SPC,mainly C3P,exhibited a significantly positive correlation with SP(r^(2)=0.859)and setback viscosity(r^(2)=0.867),whereas SPC,mainly C6P,showed a weak positive correlation with RS after retrogradation(r^(2)=0.746).However,SPC had no significant correlations with water solubility,turbidity and rheology properties,which were more correlated with AC.These findings are helpful for the food industry to select potato starches with desired properties based on their contents of SPC,C3P,or C6P.

基于分层最小和译码的RS-LDPC级联码改进算法

RS-LDPC级联码能够有效提高数据传输的可靠性和系统的容错能力,在5G通信等领域中得到了广泛的应用,且在6G中具有很好的应用前景。但是RS-LDPC级联码与单码相比具有计算复杂度高、不易于在硬件上实现的不足,因此提出一种基于分层最小和的RS-LDPC级联码改进译码算法,将LDPC码的校验矩阵分解成多个子矩阵,在不同子矩阵层次上并行计算。此外,还引入了新的关于校验节点信息更新的简化函数,旨在保证译码性能的同时降低计算复杂度,达到易于硬件实现的目的。结果表明改进型分层最小和算法复杂度大大降低,且在性能上优于传统BP译码0.25 dB左右。

改进AHM-RS赋权的网络节点多属性可拓聚类模型

针对网络节点模型聚类时未充分考虑网络节点的多属性以及结果片面性的问题,设计改进属性层次模型-粗糙集(Attribute hierarchy model-rough set,AHM-RS)赋权的网络节点多属性可拓聚类模型。通过改进AHMRS赋权法与可拓聚类算法,建立网络节点多属性可拓聚类模型;利用改进AHM法计算主观权重;利用RS赋权法计算客观权重;通过相对信息熵,组合主客观权重,得到综合权重;依据节点属性值和综合权重,获取节点综合重要性度量值;通过节点可拓距与综合重要性度量值,计算节点关于聚类等级的关联度,按照关联度确定该节点所属的聚类等级。实验证明:该模型可有效计算网络节点多属性综合权重,以及网络节点的关联度,完成网络节点多属性可拓聚类;在不同节点删除比例时,该模型可拓聚类的Rand指数均较高,即网络节点多属性可拓聚类精度较高。

基于COSMO-RS理论的化工分离工程计算型实验教学设计

将化工热力学溶液理论和化工流程模拟有机结合,设计了正己烷-甲基环戊烷萃取精馏计算型实验。通过类导体屏蔽电荷真实溶液模型(conductor-like screening model for real solvents,COSMO-RS)计算,基于溶解性、选择性指标筛选离子液体溶剂;通过量子化学计算及屏蔽电荷密度曲线分析溶剂和溶质分子相互作用,探究离子液体促进分离过程的机理;基于筛选的溶剂,利用Aspen Plus软件计算优化萃取分离工艺。该综合实验融合了化工热力学、化工原理和过程系统工程等专业课程内容,同时将学科理论知识与工程实践应用有机结合,强化了专业基本功训练,激发了研究兴趣,提升了创新能力。

基于ZYNQ的HDLC与同步半双工RS485的实现

为了实现飞行管理模块与舵机、助推器等之间的高速串行通信,设计了基于全可编程片上系统(ZYNQ)的高级数据链路控制(HDLC)协议控制器。ZYNQ内部可编程逻辑(PL)与处理器系统(PS)之间通过高级可扩展接口(AXI)总线进行数据交互,采用双先入先出队列(FIFO)进行数据缓存;PL使用Verilog语言开发了HDLC通讯协议的控制时序,PS完成循环冗余检验(CRC);开发了以ZYNQ为核心的同步半双工RS485总线接口原理图和印制电路板。实际应用效果表明:系统的通信速率可以达到4Mbit/s,工作稳定可靠,没有误码、丢帧等现象。

RS堆积体滑坡涌浪特征数值模拟研究

库区滑坡涌浪是滑坡产生的次生灾害,严重威胁库区工程安全及大坝稳定运行.澜沧江RM水电站RS堆积体方量巨大,且位于近坝区,开展RMRS堆积体滑坡涌浪特征研究对大坝工程安全设计和施工至关重要.本文建立RS堆积体滑坡涌浪远近场计算模型,基于光滑粒子流体动力学方法及浅水方程,研究RM工程正常蓄水位2895m情况下RS堆积体滑动产生的涌浪特征,并与经验公式法进行对比.研究表明:分析所采用的数值模拟方法在研究滑坡涌浪中具有优势,该方法可准确模拟滑坡体入水产生的非线性流固耦合过程,准确捕捉涌浪传播过程中受到复杂地形影响以及爬升过程中的地形相关性.研究结果可为评估RMRS堆积体滑坡涌浪对工程安全的影响提供参考.

基于RS/GIS的安溪县乡村聚落空间分布特征及影响因素分析

选择典型的闽南山区县安溪为研究区域,以2021年landsat8_oli遥感影像和DEM为数据源,采用ERDAS提取乡村聚落点,利用GIS空间分析、缓冲区分析等方法,研究安溪县的乡村聚落分布特征,并对其空间分布特征的主要影响因素的影响机理进行探讨.结果表明,安溪县乡村聚落分布呈现“东南密,西北疏”“块状集聚,小块连成带状,分布不均”;其分布特征受交通、河流、高程和坡度影响较大.

ADAMTS-7基因rs3825807及rs1994016位点多态性与KD发病及CAL的关联性分析

目的分析ADAMTS-7基因rs3825807、rs1994016位点多态性与川崎病(KD)发病及其冠状动脉损伤(CAL)是否存在关联性。方法选取KD患儿100例为KD组,健康体检儿童100例为健康组。提取两组外周血DNA进行基因测序,比较两组ADAMTS-7基因rs3825807位点及rs1994016位点的多态性差异。KD组根据是否存在冠状动脉损伤分为冠状动脉损伤组(KD-CAL组)和无冠状动脉损伤组(KD-NCAL组),比较两组ADAMTS-7基因rs3825807位点及rs1994016位点的多态性差异。结果KD组与健康组比较,KD-NCAL组与KD-CAL组比较,ADAMTS-7基因rs3825807位点A、G等位基因频率和AA、AG、GG基因型频率以及rs1994016位点C、T等位基因频率和CC、CT、TT基因型频率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论ADAMTS-7基因rs3825807、rs1994016位点多态性与KD的发病及CAL不存在明显关联性。

基于FPGA的LVDS+RS422远距离高速通信设计与实现

针对高速信号远距离传输时存在数据可靠性下降的问题,文中设计了一种基于FPGA的软硬件结合的长线传输方案。该系统在数据传输过程中,采用NI公司的LVDS串化器芯片SN65LV1023A和SN65LV1024B作为发送与接收芯片。驱动器和均衡器的配合使用,减少了信号衰减,同时增加了电路的驱动能力和信号传输距离。在指令传输与状态反馈的电路中采用RS422通信协议,并加入保证传输可靠性的隔离芯片,极大地简化了电路。在软件方面为提高抗干扰能力,添加了8B/10B编码、指令的三判二机制和校验字,降低了误码率,提高了传输稳定性。经验证,此设计可在90 m电缆以320 Mbit/s速率零误码传输。

9种鱼类嗅囊组织结构特征和V1Rs基因家族进化分析

为探究不同鱼类嗅觉器官组成差异及V1Rs基因的进化规律,实验采用组织形态学方法比较了9种鱼类的嗅囊结构特征,并通过比较基因组学和生物信息学手段对V1Rs基因家族进行鉴定、序列结构及进化分析;利用实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)对泥鳅V1Rs基因的组织表达模式进行分析。结果显示,6种鲤形目鱼类的嗅基板类型均为G型,鲇形目为H型,而鲈形目则有F型和G型两种,嗅基板数量在9种鱼类中差异较大,其中大口黑鲈的嗅基板数量最少,只有7个,黄颡鱼最多,有80个。研究共鉴定出58个完整的V1Rs基因,这些基因属于G蛋白偶联受体家族。V1Rs基因分为6个亚型(V1R1、V1R2、V1R3、V1R4、V1R5、V1R6),9种鱼类基因组中均有1个V1R1和V1R2基因,但翘嘴鲌基因组中缺少V1R3和V1R4基因,鳜缺少V1R5基因,而团头鲂、黄颡鱼和翘嘴鲌各有2个V1R5基因。qRT-PCR结果显示,与对照组相比(肌肉组织),除V1R3b外,泥鳅V1Rs基因均在雌、雄嗅囊中显著高表达,但在脑和触须中的表达量较低,在性腺组织中,雌、雄泥鳅V1Rs基因表达量存在明显差异,其中,V1R1、V1R4、V1R5、V1R6在精巢中的表达量显著高于卵巢,而V1R3b基因在雌性泥鳅性腺中显著高于雄性,V1R2和V1R3a在雌、雄泥鳅中则没有显著性差异。本研究不仅阐明了不同鱼类嗅囊组织结构和V1Rs基因拷贝数、进化差异,结果也为后续深入探究鱼类异性识别的嗅觉分子基础和V1Rs基因在繁殖中作用机制奠定基础。

ALDH2 rs671和ADH1B rs1229984多态性与胃癌、食管癌的相关性研究

目的:探讨连云港汉族人群的ADH1B rs1229984和ALDH2 rs671多态性与胃癌、食管癌相关性。方法:以随机数字表法选取2021年1~12月在连云港市第二人民医院就诊的50例胃癌患者和50例食管癌患者作为研究对象,同期以随机数字表法选取200名汉族健康献血者纳入健康组。检测ADH1B rs1229984和ALDH2 rs671 SNP的多态性,探究连云港汉族人群的ADH1B rs1229984和ALDH2 rs671多态性与胃癌、食管癌相关性。结果:3组研究对象的性别、年龄、BMI、吸烟史、饮酒史等一般资料比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),具有可比性。健康人群rs1229984 AA、AG和GG基因型的频率分别为42.5%(85例)、53.5%(107例)和4%(8例)。rs671的基因型频率AA为1%(2例),AG为26.5%(53例),GG为72.5%(145例),符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡(P>0.05),有群体代表性。分析结果显示,胃癌组和食管癌组患者的ALDH2 rs671 AA、AG、GG分布频率与健康组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);食管癌患者ADH1B rs1229984的AA、AG、GG基因分布频率与健康组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:胃癌和食管癌的基因分布组成比例与健康人群有显著性差异,ADH1B rs1229984和ALDH2 rs671多态性与连云港汉族人群胃癌、食管癌存在一定的相关性。

Corn Starch Derived Capacitive Carbon Prepared by One-Step K2CO3 Carbonization for Supercapacitors

High-performance carbonaceous electrode materials for supercapacitors were synthesized by subjecting corn starch to a simple molten salt activation process with K2CO3 at a temperature of 850˚C. The resulting carbon material, obtained after activating for 1 hour, displayed excellent capacitive properties due to the synergistic effects of its porous structure. Utilizing these electrodes, the supercapacitor exhibited a high discharge capacitance (248 F g−1 at 1 A g−1), which is 2.4 times higher than that of activated carbon without K2CO3 activation. The enhancement in electrical performance was analyzed through SEM and XRD analysis, revealing that the porous and disordered structure provides a greater number of charge storage sites, resulting in improved capacitive performance.

Thermo-Mechanical Properties Study of Stabilized Soil Bricks to Sugar Cane Molasses and Cassava Starch Binders

The current study deals Swith thermo-mechanical properties of stabilized soil small bricks with the help of organic binders of sugar cane molasses and cassava starch. Different formulations of soil concrete have been suggested after the geotechnical characterization of samples of soil was taken. From these, it arises that the studied soil is the most plastically clay (of type A3) according to GTR classification. Samples made of small bricks and measured out at 4%, 6% and 8% of binders (molasses, starch or molasses + starch) have been warmed up to different temperatures (100°C, 150°C, 200°C and 250°C) for the rising of the thermic behavior under different conditions and submitted to crushing testings for the estimation of characteristic resistances to the compression. According to the mechanical behavior, we note an improvement of resistances for small bricks measured 4%, 6% and 8%, of molasses respectively of 32.44%, 32.06% and 23.43% against the value of reference for small bricks without molasses. In the same way, the binder (molasses + starch) also reveals an improvement of resistance to the compression of 13.27%, 26.17% and 26.17%. On the contrary, the stabilization with the starch binder did not bring a significative improvement. According to the thermic influence, the heating at 100°C of stabilized small bricks at 4%, 6% and 8% of molasses, reveals a significative improvement of resistances. Moreover, the stabilization with the starch reveals on the contrary a good behavior for heatings at 150°C and 250°C. In short, for the binder (molasses + starch), it is the heating at 200°C that shows some improvements of remarkable resistances. Different analyses of realized statistics also show the effectivity of obtained results. For all realized formulations, the measuring out at 6% of binders (molasses, or molasses + starch) seems as optimal in front of the best thermo-mechanical revealed properties.

Biological factors controlling starch digestibility in human digestive system

Starch digestion rate and location in the gastrointestinal tract(GIT)are critical for human health.This review aims to present a comprehensive summary on our current understanding of physiological,biochemical,anatomical and geometrical factors of human digestive system that are related to in vivo starch digestibility.It is shown that all digestive compartments including mouth,stomach,small intestine,and large intestine play critical roles in regulating the overall starch digestion process.A proper investigation of starch digestion pattern should thus be based on the consideration of all these compartments.Main biological factors are summarized as oral mastication and salivation,gastric emptying and motility,small intestinal enzymes and motility,large intestinal resistant starch(RS)-microbiota interactions and gut-brain feedback control,as well as glucose adsorption and hormonal feedback control.However,connections among these biological factors in determining starch digestive behaviors remain elusive.This is due to the inherent complexity of human GIT anatomy,motility and biochemical conditions,as well as ethical,financial and technical issues in conducting clinical studies.Much technological and scientific efforts from both clinical studies and in vitro simulation models are required for a better understanding of in vivo starch digestion behaviors.

基于RS技术的作物土地生态信息反演与估产

为快速监测土地生态情况,准确获取净初级生产力、收获指数与作物单产信息具有重要意义。以沈阳为研究区域,利用CART决策树方法对研究区玉米等地类进行分类提取,结合高精度地物分类结果与CASA模型对研究区内净初级生产力(NPP)进行估算,结合玉米估产模型与研究区内NPP与玉米收获指数(HI)对玉米单产进行预估。结果表明:研究区内玉米C的NPP达到600~800 g/m^(2)水平,2020年沈阳市玉米生长状况良好;采取玉米单产模型预估的沈阳市各区县玉米单产相对误差均小于10%。研究结果具有一定可靠性,可为农业、国土资源等部门进行监测管理提供重要依据。

RS402007基因多态性与脑梗死患者颈动脉粥样硬化斑块易损性及降脂疗效的关系

目的 探讨RS402007基因多态性对脑梗死患者颈动脉粥样硬化斑块易损性及降脂疗效的影响。方法 选取114例脑梗死患者,根据颈动脉粥样硬化斑块情况分为稳定斑块组56例和易损斑块组58例。比较两组临床及血液生化指标、RS402007(G/C)位点基因型及等位基因频率,观察不同基因型患者阿托伐他汀降脂疗效。结果 两组治疗前血清LDL-C、TC水平以及GG、GC、CC基因型构成差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。与治疗前比较,GG、GC、CC基因型患者治疗后血清LDL-C、TG、TC水平降低,HDL-C水平升高(P均<0.05);治疗后比较,CC基因型患者血脂水平与GG基因型、CC基因型患者差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。GG、GC、CC基因型患者降脂治疗有效率分别分别为80.65%、84.62%、88.64%。CC基因型患者有效率高于GG基因型、CC基因型患者(P均<0.05)。结论 RS402007基因多态性与颈动脉粥样硬化性斑块易损性相关且对药物的降脂疗效有一定影响。

KCNQ1 rs2237895 gene polymorphism increases susceptibility to type 2 diabetes mellitus in Asian populations

BACKGROUND The association of single nucleotide polymorphism of KCNQ1 gene rs2237895 with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is currently controversial.It is unknown whether this association can be gene realized across different populations.AIM To determine the association of KCNQ1 rs2237895 with T2DM and provide reliable evidence for genetic susceptibility to T2DM.METHODS We searched PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,Cochrane Library,Medline,Baidu Academic,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,China Biomedical Literature Database,and Wanfang to investigate the association between KCNQ1 gene rs2237895 and the risk of T2DM up to January 12,2022.Review Manager 5.4 was used to analyze the association of the KCNQ1 gene rs2237895 polymorphism with T2DM and to evaluate the publication bias of the selected literature.RESULTS Twelve case–control studies(including 11273 cases and 11654 controls)met our inclusion criteria.In the full population,allelic model[odds ratio(OR):1.19;95%confidence interval(95%CI):1.09–1.29;P<0.0001],recessive model(OR:1.20;95%CI:1.11–1.29;P<0.0001),dominant model(OR:1.27.95%CI:1.14–1.42;P<0.0001),and codominant model(OR:1.36;95%CI:1.15–1.60;P=0.0003)(OR:1.22;95%CI:1.10–1.36;P=0.0002)indicated that the KCNQ1 gene rs2237895 polymorphism was significantly correlated with susceptibility to T2DM.In stratified analysis,this association was confirmed in Asian populations:allelic model(OR:1.25;95%CI:1.13–1.37;P<0.0001),recessive model(OR:1.29;95%CI:1.11–1.49;P=0.0007),dominant model(OR:1.35;95%CI:1.20–1.52;P<0.0001),codominant model(OR:1.49;95%CI:1.22–1.81;P<0.0001)(OR:1.26;95%CI:1.16–1.36;P<0.0001).In non-Asian populations,this association was not significant:Allelic model(OR:1.06,95%CI:0.98–1.14;P=0.12),recessive model(OR:1.04;95%CI:0.75–1.42;P=0.83),dominant model(OR:1.06;95%CI:0.98–1.15;P=0.15),codominant model(OR:1.08;95%CI:0.82–1.42;P=0.60.OR:1.15;95%CI:0.95–1.39;P=0.14).CONCLUSION KCNQ1 gene rs2237895 was significantly associated with susceptibility to T2DM in an Asian population.Carriers of the C allele had a higher risk of T2DM.This association was not significant in non-Asian populations.

PARK9基因rs207663位点突变与早期帕金森病认知改善治疗应答相关性

目的探讨PARK9基因rs207663位点突变与早期帕金森病认知改善治疗应答相关性。方法选取2020年10月至2023年10月于邯郸市第四医院神经内科接受治疗的100例早期帕金森病患者为研究组,以100例健康体检者为对照组。检测PARK9基因rs207663位点基因多态性,比较2组等位基因、基因型分布,以及分析不同基因型患者经治疗后的疗效情况。结果PARK9基因rs207663位点存在3种基因型:GG、GA、AA,研究组GG基因型、G等位基因频率高于对照组(40.0%vs 26.0%,P<0.05;63.0%vs 50.0%,P<0.01)。治疗后,3种基因型简易智能状态检查量表(MMSE)、蒙特利尔认知评估量表(MoCA)评分均呈增加趋势,其中GG基因型MMSE评分低于GA基因型[(22.95±1.34)分vs(23.89±1.68)分,P<0.05],GG基因型MoCA评分低于GA基因型[(24.86±1.83)分vs(25.12±1.48)分,P<0.05]。GA基因型总资产、安全选项次数、负反馈利用率均高于GG基因型[(-1541.50±537.24)元vs(-3102.00±1274.38)元,P<0.01;(9.24±3.27)次vs(7.11±2.14)次,P<0.05;(0.51±0.23)vs(0.35±0.15),P<0.05];AA基因型风险选项次数低于GA基因型,GA基因型风险选项次数低于GG基因型,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论PARK9基因rs207663位点多态性与早期帕金森病认知改善治疗应答存在显著相关性,其中GG基因型患者治疗应答较差,GG基因型患者偏爱高风险和高回报选项,负反馈利用率较低。