The Chinese government set up the State Development Bank against the background of the Chinese economic system being transformed from planned to market. In May 1995, the State Development Investment Corporation was es...The Chinese government set up the State Development Bank against the background of the Chinese economic system being transformed from planned to market. In May 1995, the State Development Investment Corporation was established. Does this mean that China’s investment system reform is advancing at a much展开更多
Modern hydrobiology,mainly,is based on conception,which may be named Conception of unicity of ecosystem stable state(CUESS):Mature ecosystems are stable and in dynamic equilibrium.Ecosystem state fluctuates around
The establishment of the State Power Grid Development Corp Ltd(SPG) was officially announced on June 18, marking the government’s determination to form a nationwide united power network to make the best of power gene...The establishment of the State Power Grid Development Corp Ltd(SPG) was officially announced on June 18, marking the government’s determination to form a nationwide united power network to make the best of power generating capability. The State-owned corporation, with 2.5 billion yuan ($301 million) worth of operating capital raised by the government, will be responsible for investment. construction and management of the power transmission and substation projects involved in the construction of the Three Gorges Project.展开更多
Based on the review of the papers and other related material submitted to the conference, the status quo and developmental trends of geocryology is briefly discussed.
Economic growth and environmental "friendliness" are the dual missions of China's grand western development. In the past eight years,China has seen the gap between eastern and western regions still widen...Economic growth and environmental "friendliness" are the dual missions of China's grand western development. In the past eight years,China has seen the gap between eastern and western regions still widening while also taking on the arduous task of protecting nature,ecology and environment in the western region. How has western development fared in the past eight years? What difficulties and challenges are being encountered? The development of the western region poses the single greatest difficulty facing China's regional economic development,but how can we advance along a "sound and fast" development path? The establishment of economic zones in Chengdu and Chongqing,Guanzhong and North Bay has opened up new possibilities and expectations for western China's economic development.展开更多
A review of the literature indicates that,currently,Ethiopia is now beyond the bounds of fragility.The purpose of the study was to investigate whether Ethiopia was experiencing fragility.After a review of the literatu...A review of the literature indicates that,currently,Ethiopia is now beyond the bounds of fragility.The purpose of the study was to investigate whether Ethiopia was experiencing fragility.After a review of the literature on fragility,a theoretical framework lens on fragility was developed to empirically test Ethiopia’s current condition.A longitudinal analysis indicates that before 2018,Ethiopia was regarded as the central economic engine of sub-Saharan Africa.However,as the current regime reversed Ethiopia’s developmental state model and moved to follow a neo-liberal model,Ethiopia’s economy has gradually diminished.More specifically,during the current regime,Ethiopia has experienced a decline in its Gross Domestic Product,faced rampant unemployment,and encountered an increase in inflation.Its foreign exchange currency reserves have declined below the three-month threshold of hard currency required for a country to import goods and services,and its external debt has extended beyond the country’s GDP.By encouraging armed conflict and widespread insurgencies,the current regime has caused social tension and deep humanitarian crises in Ethiopia-resulting in devastation of health and school facilities and causing more than five million Ethiopians to be displaced.Finally,failing to provide leadership to his people,the current regime in Ethiopia has willingly allowed the incursion of Ethiopia’s sovereignty by foreign forces.The conclusion of the study is that,when observed through the lens of fragility using a longitudinal framework,currently,Ethiopia has traversed beyond fragility and seems to be heading toward balkanization.展开更多
Since the founding of New China in 1949, according to the Constitution of the People＇s Republic of China, the central government has made it a basic state policy to help ethnic minorities-inhabited border areas with ...Since the founding of New China in 1949, according to the Constitution of the People＇s Republic of China, the central government has made it a basic state policy to help ethnic minorities-inhabited border areas with their political, economic and cultural development, and to lead all the ethnic groups of China onto the road to common prosperity.展开更多
Effective waste management is a major challenge for Small Island Developing States (SIDS) like Maldives due to limited land availability. Maldives exemplifies these issues as one of the most geographically dispersed c...Effective waste management is a major challenge for Small Island Developing States (SIDS) like Maldives due to limited land availability. Maldives exemplifies these issues as one of the most geographically dispersed countries, with a population unevenly distributed across numerous islands varying greatly in size and population density. This study provides an in-depth analysis of the unique waste management practices across different regions of Maldives in relation to its natural and socioeconomic context. Data shows Maldives has one of the highest population density and per capita waste generation among SIDS, despite its small land area and medium GDP per capita. Large disparities exist between the densely populated capital Male’ with only 5.8 km2 area generating 63% of waste and the ~194 scattered outer islands with ad hoc waste management practices. Given Male’s dense population and high calorific waste, incineration could generate up to ~30 GW/a energy and even increase Maldives’ renewable energy supply by 200%. In contrast, decentralized anaerobic digestion presents an optimal solution for outer islands to reduce waste volume while providing over 40%–100% energy supply for daily cooking in local families. This timely study delivers valuable insights into designing context-specific waste-to-energy systems and integrated waste policies tailored to Maldives’ distinct regions. The framework presented can also guide other SIDS facing similar challenges as Maldives in establishing sustainable, ecologically sound waste management strategies.展开更多
文摘The Chinese government set up the State Development Bank against the background of the Chinese economic system being transformed from planned to market. In May 1995, the State Development Investment Corporation was established. Does this mean that China’s investment system reform is advancing at a much
文摘Modern hydrobiology,mainly,is based on conception,which may be named Conception of unicity of ecosystem stable state(CUESS):Mature ecosystems are stable and in dynamic equilibrium.Ecosystem state fluctuates around
文摘The establishment of the State Power Grid Development Corp Ltd(SPG) was officially announced on June 18, marking the government’s determination to form a nationwide united power network to make the best of power generating capability. The State-owned corporation, with 2.5 billion yuan ($301 million) worth of operating capital raised by the government, will be responsible for investment. construction and management of the power transmission and substation projects involved in the construction of the Three Gorges Project.
文摘Based on the review of the papers and other related material submitted to the conference, the status quo and developmental trends of geocryology is briefly discussed.
文摘Economic growth and environmental "friendliness" are the dual missions of China's grand western development. In the past eight years,China has seen the gap between eastern and western regions still widening while also taking on the arduous task of protecting nature,ecology and environment in the western region. How has western development fared in the past eight years? What difficulties and challenges are being encountered? The development of the western region poses the single greatest difficulty facing China's regional economic development,but how can we advance along a "sound and fast" development path? The establishment of economic zones in Chengdu and Chongqing,Guanzhong and North Bay has opened up new possibilities and expectations for western China's economic development.
文摘A review of the literature indicates that,currently,Ethiopia is now beyond the bounds of fragility.The purpose of the study was to investigate whether Ethiopia was experiencing fragility.After a review of the literature on fragility,a theoretical framework lens on fragility was developed to empirically test Ethiopia’s current condition.A longitudinal analysis indicates that before 2018,Ethiopia was regarded as the central economic engine of sub-Saharan Africa.However,as the current regime reversed Ethiopia’s developmental state model and moved to follow a neo-liberal model,Ethiopia’s economy has gradually diminished.More specifically,during the current regime,Ethiopia has experienced a decline in its Gross Domestic Product,faced rampant unemployment,and encountered an increase in inflation.Its foreign exchange currency reserves have declined below the three-month threshold of hard currency required for a country to import goods and services,and its external debt has extended beyond the country’s GDP.By encouraging armed conflict and widespread insurgencies,the current regime has caused social tension and deep humanitarian crises in Ethiopia-resulting in devastation of health and school facilities and causing more than five million Ethiopians to be displaced.Finally,failing to provide leadership to his people,the current regime in Ethiopia has willingly allowed the incursion of Ethiopia’s sovereignty by foreign forces.The conclusion of the study is that,when observed through the lens of fragility using a longitudinal framework,currently,Ethiopia has traversed beyond fragility and seems to be heading toward balkanization.
文摘Since the founding of New China in 1949, according to the Constitution of the People＇s Republic of China, the central government has made it a basic state policy to help ethnic minorities-inhabited border areas with their political, economic and cultural development, and to lead all the ethnic groups of China onto the road to common prosperity.
文摘Effective waste management is a major challenge for Small Island Developing States (SIDS) like Maldives due to limited land availability. Maldives exemplifies these issues as one of the most geographically dispersed countries, with a population unevenly distributed across numerous islands varying greatly in size and population density. This study provides an in-depth analysis of the unique waste management practices across different regions of Maldives in relation to its natural and socioeconomic context. Data shows Maldives has one of the highest population density and per capita waste generation among SIDS, despite its small land area and medium GDP per capita. Large disparities exist between the densely populated capital Male’ with only 5.8 km2 area generating 63% of waste and the ~194 scattered outer islands with ad hoc waste management practices. Given Male’s dense population and high calorific waste, incineration could generate up to ~30 GW/a energy and even increase Maldives’ renewable energy supply by 200%. In contrast, decentralized anaerobic digestion presents an optimal solution for outer islands to reduce waste volume while providing over 40%–100% energy supply for daily cooking in local families. This timely study delivers valuable insights into designing context-specific waste-to-energy systems and integrated waste policies tailored to Maldives’ distinct regions. The framework presented can also guide other SIDS facing similar challenges as Maldives in establishing sustainable, ecologically sound waste management strategies.
