GLOBALIZATION AND RESPONSE OF LARGE STATED-OWNED ENTERPRISES IN AGRICULTURAL RELATED INDUS-TRIES: COMPANY CASE STUDIES FROM CENTRAL CHINA

By using interview data from three large state-owned enterprises (SOEs) in agriculture related industries, this paper reveals that SOEs in inland area are much slow in response to globalization. Although they pursued some strategies to adjust themselves, they are far behind the position to utilize the opportunities generated by economic globalization. Most of them are still out of the networks of transnational corporations. The strategies they adopted are quite different from SOEs in the coastal area. They overlook the importance of information infrastructure, well-educated personnel, and collaboration with the competitive leaders in their industries. The lagging situation is related to isolated location, traditional culture, and slow progress in enterprise reform. International comparison shows that the case companies did follow the general patterns that globalization promotes extension of company′s networks of linkages but in a rather slow phase. The decision makers should encourage intra-regional linkages between SOEs, between SOEs and private, foreign owned companies, as well as inter-regional linkages among them. The latter appears particularly important given the enlarging gaps between coastal and inland areas.

CHINA'S REGIONAL DISPARITY IN 1981-2000:OPENNESS AND DEVELOPMENT OF NON-STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES AND FISCAL DECENTRALIZATION

While China's economic growth has been impressive since 1978, regional disparity in terms of provincial per capita GDP has been increasing. On the other hand, this rapid but uneven growth was accompanied by China's deepening openness and structural reforms including the development of non-state-owned enterprises (non-SOEs) and fiscal decentralization. Based on quantitative analyses, this paper tries to explore the features of regional disparity in China and the relationships between regional growth and China's openness and economic structure reforms in the period from 1981 to 2000. The paper finds that the catching-up of the coastal region to the initially rich provinces, which are mainly located in inland areas, brought about a convergence of the growth pattern across provinces in the 1980s.The subsequent divergence in the provincial growth rates between the coast and the interior generated an enlarging regional disparity in China in the 1990s. The ever-faster growth in the coastal region was benefited by China's openness and the development of non-state-owned enterprises. The development of non-state-owned enterprises underlies the higher operational efficiency in the coastal region. Additionally, with the insignificant regression results, fiscal decentralization was observed to facilitate faster growth in the coast region. The findings justify the initiative of the 'West Region Development Strategy' and offer some policy implications for China.

Vehicle Fleet Management Practices and Service Delivery in State Owned Enterprises in Zimbabwe

The main objective of the study was to examine the influence of vehicle fleet management practices on service delivery in State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs) in Zimbabwe. The study adopted a pragmatism research philosophy together with a mixed method research paradigm. In addition, structured questionnaires were distributed to 344 respondents drawn from 86 SOEs. Stratified and purposive sampling was used. Descriptive statistics were calculated using Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) version 20. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was done on all items of the study while research hypotheses were tested using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) in AMOS version 21. The study concluded that vehicle maintenance, fuel management, driver management and vehicle replacement positively influence service delivery. In addition, the study also established that Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) moderate the influence of vehicle fleet management practices on service delivery. The study recommended that there is need for regular driver training and vehicle programs encompassing electronic spares tracking.

Fundamental issues and solutions in the design of China's ETS pilots:Allowance allocation,price mechanism and state-owned key enterprises

This paper analyzes the three main fundamental issues in the design of China's ETS pilots,including allowance allocation,price mechanism and state-owned key enterprises,and proposed suggested solutions.For the issue of allowance allocation,we suggest that the gradual hybrid mode could be applied at the beginning,which starts with mainly free allocation and then increases auction ratio gradually.And grandfathering is a suitable method of free allocation.For the issue of price mechanism,we suggest a price floating zone with open market operation to reduce the uncertainty of prices.For the issue of state-owned key enterprises,we suggest a good coordination with SASAC,defining the state-owned property right and supervision right when state-owned key enterprises are involved into the carbon market,and the local government can set rules of allocation and transaction to limit their potential market power.

Profit Delivery Proportion,Operation Performance and Bond Rating of Agricultural State-owned Enterprises

The distribution relationship between the profits of state-owned enterprises and the state has been constantly changing with the times. From the state implementing the policy that state-owned enterprises not pay profits to the state in 1994 to the constant growth of stateowned enterprises in the 21st century,their profits have become more and more abundant. Until 2007,the state issued a document stipulates that the state-owned enterprises should pay part of their profits to the state,but at the initial stage of trial implementation of the policy,the implementation was not effective,and finally in 2010 the state officially announced the collection of profits from state-owned enterprises and increased the proportion of collection. From the perspective of agricultural state-owned enterprises,using the difference-in-difference( DID)model,this paper studied the state policy of increasing the profit delivery proportion of state-owned enterprises in 2020. Through CSMAR database,we selected agricultural state-owned listed companies in the 2008-2013 as samples,tested the impact of the implementation of the new policy in 2010 on the operation performance of agricultural state-owned enterprises,evaluated the implementation effect of the policy through comparing the operation performance before and after the policy,and explored whether the policy has an impact on the bond rating. Through empirical research,it found that increasing the profit delivery proportion of state-owned enterprises is helpful for improving the operation performance of state-owned enterprises and improving the quality of bond ratings,and this policy has more prominent effects on stimulating the performance of monopolistic state-owned enterprises. Therefore,collection of some profits from state-owned enterprises can promote better development of state-owned enterprises and also benefit both the state and the people.

Research on evaluation model of technology innovation ability of state-owned enterprises in northeast industry base

The paper viewed the current problem that state-owned enterprises in northeast industry base hadn＇t technologies of their own intellectual property right, whose sources mainly depended on imitation and introduction from abroad. Operational evaluation method and index criteria system of enterprises technology innovation ability were put forward in this paper, different enterprises may revise the model according to their actual situations to evaluate the enterprise technological innovation ability scientifically and quickly. The findings will be helpful to correlative departments to formulate the related policies and also has important theoretical and practical value in technological innovation project of enterprise.

The Comparative Discussion of State Owned Enterprise in Competition Law

Reflect on the benefits and costs of the current approaches in the European Union and the People’s Republic of China.To the conclusion that State Owned Enterprises(SOE)’s and more generally state conduct should be fully covered by competition law.

国有企业的低碳双元战略发展路径——基于上海申通地铁集团的案例研究

在中国特色社会主义经济制度下,国有企业始终肩负着发展经济和服务社会的双重使命。根据企业所处的行业特点与所承担的业务特征,国有企业很可能面临高耗能的挑战。选取上海申通地铁集团有限公司作为典型案例,基于双元理论探究国有企业低碳双元战略的动态发展路径。研究发现,国有企业的低碳发展首先是将低碳理念融入其“经济—社会”双元目标,形成具有经济属性的成本性和效益性低碳导向,以及具有社会属性的政策性和公益性低碳导向。基于此,国有企业开发低碳双元战略实践,包括具有经济属性的低碳成本管理和低碳业务投资,以及具有社会属性的低碳政策落实和产业低碳引领。此外,知识和资源开发促进了低碳双元战略实践的相互转化,实现了低碳双元战略的协调统一。研究结论既为国有企业低碳发展中的协同辩证关系提供了新的理解,又拓展了双元理论在企业低碳管理领域的应用。

国有经济如何影响非国有企业劳动收入份额?

基于中国工业企业数据,实证检验了国有经济对非国有企业劳动收入份额的影响。结果发现,国有经济比重上升能够显著提高非国有企业的劳动收入份额,且该影响是国有经济工资溢出效应和效率损失效应共同作用的结果。当国有经济比重较低时,其工资溢出效应是提高非国有企业劳动收入份额的主要方面;当国有经济比重较高时,其效率损失效应在提高非国有企业劳动收入份额中的作用更加突出。异质性检验发现,当国有企业有更高工资或更低效率时,国有经济提升非国有企业劳动收入份额的作用会增强。当劳动力供给充足或市场化程度较高时,国有经济对非国有企业劳动收入份额的提升效果会下降。因此,不断完善社会主义市场经济体制,深化国有企业改革,保持合理的所有制结构有利于促进民营经济健康发展。

数字互联是否提升了国有企业的创新水平?——影响识别和机制检验

促进国有企业创新对国民经济高质量发展至关重要。利用2011~2021年国有企业的微观数据,采用微观计量分析方法,检验数字互联是否对国有企业创新能力和创新效率的提升具有显著影响。实证结果表明,数字互联显著提高了国有企业的创新能力,但是对国有企业创新效率的影响不显著。数字互联对不同技术类别国有企业创新能力和创新效率的影响存在着明显的异质性特征。进一步从企业成本、人力资本、公司治理三个方面检验了数字互联对国有企业创新影响的机制,结果表明,数字互联对企业创新能力的影响并不存在明显的所有制差异。在今后的国有企业改革中,应该广泛借助新一代信息数字化技术提升国有企业的创新能力。

逆向混改助力民企创新——国有资本参股对民营企业双元创新投入的影响研究

逆向混改有利于提高民营企业创新投入吗?以A股民营控股上市公司为样本考察国有资本参股的逆向混改对民营企业双元创新投入的影响后发现:首先,国有资本参股对于民营企业双元创新投入存在异质性影响,即能够显著提高民营企业开发式创新投入,而对探索式创新投入无明显作用(国企“两利一率”考核压力影响了国有资本参股对民营企业探索式创新投入的作用);其次,缓解融资约束与提高风险承担能力是上述关系的作用机制;再次,制度环境、行业竞争和技术董事数量等情境因素会影响国有资本参股对民营企业开发式创新投入的治理效果;最后,国有资本参股能够通过提高开发式创新投入的方式提高民营企业价值。通过揭示国有资本参股对民营企业双元创新投入的影响及其作用机理,回应了国有产权对民营企业创新作用的研究分歧,也拓宽了混合所有制改革思路。

国有企业对区域创新引领作用的逻辑机理及优化路径

区域创新是创新驱动发展战略的重要载体,增强区域创新能力是促进区域经济高质量发展的内在要求以及提升国家创新实力的重要基石。国有企业作为区域创新活动中的主体,依托自身整合集聚创新要素能力强、创新溢出效应显著和资源优势突出等在提升区域创新水平中发挥重要引领作用。但在引领区域创新过程中,宏观层面国际形势错综复杂、中观层面区域协同发展受阻和微观层面内部制度设计有待优化依旧掣肘着国有企业创新引领作用的发挥。国有企业在扬优势、补弱项的同时强支撑、促引领,就要以开放促创新,积极参与国际竞争;引领突破卡脖子技术,提升核心竞争力;依托数字技术和数字化升级,推动产业链创新链深度融合,促进区域创新协同发展;推动制度创新,优化制度设计,充分释放国有企业创新活力,持续强化国有企业引领区域创新的能力和水平,为创新驱动中国式现代化建设提供有力支撑。