基于移相加占空比控制策略的三有源桥TAB(triple active bridge)DC-DC变换器具有效率高和软开关范围可扩展等优点,但其小信号建模过程复杂、闭环控制环路参数整定困难。针对该问题,提出1种TAB工作在移相加占空比控制下的全阶连续广义状...基于移相加占空比控制策略的三有源桥TAB(triple active bridge)DC-DC变换器具有效率高和软开关范围可扩展等优点,但其小信号建模过程复杂、闭环控制环路参数整定困难。针对该问题,提出1种TAB工作在移相加占空比控制下的全阶连续广义状态平均建模和PI控制器设计方法。首先,分析TAB的运行原理和Y型等效结构;然后,结合移相加占空比控制的特点和交流方波源等效方法,推导出TAB的广义状态空间平均模型;接着,在推得模型的基础上求得输入到输出的传递函数,设计出PI控制器参数。最后,结合数字仿真及样机实验验证了所提方法的正确性及有效性。展开更多
High-order harmonic generation below ionization threshold of He atom in the laser field is investigated by solving the three-dimensional time-dependent Schrodinger equation. An angular momentum-dependent model potenti...High-order harmonic generation below ionization threshold of He atom in the laser field is investigated by solving the three-dimensional time-dependent Schrodinger equation. An angular momentum-dependent model potential of He atom was used for getting the accurate energy levels of singlet states. The satellite-peak structures of the below-threshold harmonic generation(BTHG) of He are observed. We analyze the emission properties of the BTHG by employing a synchrosqueezing transform technique. We find that the satellite-peak structures have two types related to two kinds of transitions. One is the transition of the dressed states of the excited states, the other is the transition between the excited states and the ground state in the field-free case. Furthermore, our results show that the maximum Stark shift of the 2 p state is about 0.9 Up(penderomotive energy), and that of the 4 p state is about 1.0 Up. It indicates that the energy difference between some satellite-and main-peaks of the BTHG can be used to measure the maximum Stark shift of the excited states of He atom in the laser field.展开更多
针对纯电动汽车两挡双离合自动变速器(two-speed dual-clutch transmission,2DCT)换挡控制模型及参数的不确定性和存在的未知干扰,提出了一种线性自抗扰(linear active disturbance rejection controller,LADRC)换挡控制策略。首先建立2...针对纯电动汽车两挡双离合自动变速器(two-speed dual-clutch transmission,2DCT)换挡控制模型及参数的不确定性和存在的未知干扰,提出了一种线性自抗扰(linear active disturbance rejection controller,LADRC)换挡控制策略。首先建立2DCT换挡过程动力学模型,并分析了换挡过程;然后考虑控制模型的不确定性及未知干扰,将LADRC控制器应用到换挡过程对期望角速度进行跟踪,并采用扩张状态观测器(extended state observer,ESO)对扰动进行实时估计,并加以补偿,最后与PID控制进行对比。仿真和实验结果表明,该控制器跟踪误差更小,鲁棒性强,能保证良好的换挡品质。展开更多
The existing research results show that a fixed single station must conduct three consecutive frequency shift measurements and obtain the target’s moving speed by constructing two frequency difference equations. This...The existing research results show that a fixed single station must conduct three consecutive frequency shift measurements and obtain the target’s moving speed by constructing two frequency difference equations. This article proposes a new method that requires only two consecutive measurements. While using the azimuth measurement to obtain the angular difference between two radial distances, it also conducts two consecutive Doppler frequency shift measurements at the same target azimuth. On the basis of this measurement, a frequency difference equation is first constructed and solved jointly with the Doppler frequency shift equation. By eliminating the velocity variable and using the measured angular difference to obtain the target’s lead angle, the target’s velocity can be solved by using the Doppler frequency shift equation again. The new method avoids the condition that the target must move equidistantly, which not only provides an achievable method for engineering applications but also lays a good foundation for further exploring the use of steady-state signals to achieve passive positioning.展开更多
Accurate isotope shift factors of the 2s2p^（3,1）P_1~o–2s^2 ~1S_0 transitions in B II, obtained with the multi-configuration Dirac–Hartree–Fock and the relativistic configuration interaction methods, are reported....Accurate isotope shift factors of the 2s2p^（3,1）P_1~o–2s^2 ~1S_0 transitions in B II, obtained with the multi-configuration Dirac–Hartree–Fock and the relativistic configuration interaction methods, are reported. We found a linear correlation relation between the mass shift factors and the energies for the transitions concerned, considering all-order electron correlations. This relation is important for estimating the uncertainty in the calculation of isotope shift factors. These atomic data can be used to extract the nuclear mean-square charge radii of the boron isotopes with halo structures or to resolve the high precise spectroscopy of B II in astronomical observation.展开更多
This paper presents the operation of LCL type resonant arc welding power supply with fixed frequency and its steady state mathematical model. Using MathCAD to get the results and compared it to the results of the SP...This paper presents the operation of LCL type resonant arc welding power supply with fixed frequency and its steady state mathematical model. Using MathCAD to get the results and compared it to the results of the SPICE simulative experiment, we verify this mathematical model is correct.展开更多
电网换相换流器型高压直流输电(line commutated converter high voltage direct current,LCC-HVDC)的强非线性导致其内部频率耦合复杂多样,传统建模方法难以兼顾准确性与实用性。为此,提出了一种基于相移原理的降维谐波状态空间(harmon...电网换相换流器型高压直流输电(line commutated converter high voltage direct current,LCC-HVDC)的强非线性导致其内部频率耦合复杂多样,传统建模方法难以兼顾准确性与实用性。为此,提出了一种基于相移原理的降维谐波状态空间(harmonic state space,HSS)建模方法,将谐波域相移原理与HSS理论相结合,建立了LCC-HVDC系统的降维HSS模型。通过PSCAD/EMTDC平台搭建LCC-HVDC系统的时域仿真算例,验证了所建模型的正确性。在此基础上分析了LCC-HVDC系统的小扰动稳定性,并采用参与因子对失稳模态的主导因素进行了辨识。基于所建立的模型进一步研究了HSS截断阶数对模型精度及稳定性分析的影响,并给出了LCC-HVDC系统HSS模型截断阶数选取的建议。结果表明,所提模型具有较高的完整性与准确性,且相较于传统HSS模型的维度降低了一半,大大缩短了计算时间,有效降低了理论分析的复杂度。展开更多
We have developed an open-source cross-platform software toolkit entitled ACCEPT-NMR (Automated Crystal Contact Extrapolation/Prediction Toolkit for NMR) as a helpful tool to automate many of the complex tasks require...We have developed an open-source cross-platform software toolkit entitled ACCEPT-NMR (Automated Crystal Contact Extrapolation/Prediction Toolkit for NMR) as a helpful tool to automate many of the complex tasks required to find and visualize crystal contacts in structures of biomolecules and biomolecular assemblies. This toolkit provides many powerful features geared toward NMR spectroscopy and related disciplines, such as isotopic labeling, advanced visualization options, and reporting tools. Using this software, we have undertaken a survey of available chemical shift data in the literature and deposited in the BMRB, and show that the mere presence of one or more crystal contacts to a residue confers an approximately 65% likelihood of significant chemical shift perturbations (relative to solution NMR chemical shifts). The presence of each additional crystal contact subsequently increases this probability, resulting in predictive accuracies in excess of 80% in many cases. Conversely, the presence of a significant experimental chemical shift perturbation indicates a >60% likelihood of finding one or more crystal contacts to a particular residue. Pinpointing sites likely to experience large CSPs is critical to mapping solution NMR chemical shifts onto solid-state NMR data as a basis for preliminary assignments, and can thus simplify the assignment process for complex biomolecules. Mapping observed CSPs onto the molecular structure, on the other hand, can indicate the presence of crystal interfaces where no crystal structure is available. Finally, by detecting sites critical to intermolecular interfaces, ACCEPT-NMR can help guide experimental approaches (e.g. isotopic labeling schemes) to detect and probe specific inter-subunit interactions.展开更多
为了精确地反映死区时间对双有源桥式变换器(dual active bridge,DAB)移相角偏移与传输功率的影响,将缓冲电容的作用引入到DAB死区效应的分析中。通过设定最优死区时间将电感电流过零点排除在死区时段之外,降低了不同电压模式下死区过...为了精确地反映死区时间对双有源桥式变换器(dual active bridge,DAB)移相角偏移与传输功率的影响,将缓冲电容的作用引入到DAB死区效应的分析中。通过设定最优死区时间将电感电流过零点排除在死区时段之外,降低了不同电压模式下死区过程分析的难度,并得到一个更精确的DAB移相角与传输功率的模型。结果表明:应用该模型能够准确地计算出DAB任意工况下的静态工作点,从而提高DAB小信号建模的精度。展开更多
文摘基于移相加占空比控制策略的三有源桥TAB(triple active bridge)DC-DC变换器具有效率高和软开关范围可扩展等优点,但其小信号建模过程复杂、闭环控制环路参数整定困难。针对该问题,提出1种TAB工作在移相加占空比控制下的全阶连续广义状态平均建模和PI控制器设计方法。首先,分析TAB的运行原理和Y型等效结构;然后,结合移相加占空比控制的特点和交流方波源等效方法,推导出TAB的广义状态空间平均模型;接着,在推得模型的基础上求得输入到输出的传递函数,设计出PI控制器参数。最后,结合数字仿真及样机实验验证了所提方法的正确性及有效性。
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11674268,11764038,and 11765018)the Scientific Research Foundation of Physics of CPEE–NWNU and NWNU-LKQN-17-1,China
文摘High-order harmonic generation below ionization threshold of He atom in the laser field is investigated by solving the three-dimensional time-dependent Schrodinger equation. An angular momentum-dependent model potential of He atom was used for getting the accurate energy levels of singlet states. The satellite-peak structures of the below-threshold harmonic generation(BTHG) of He are observed. We analyze the emission properties of the BTHG by employing a synchrosqueezing transform technique. We find that the satellite-peak structures have two types related to two kinds of transitions. One is the transition of the dressed states of the excited states, the other is the transition between the excited states and the ground state in the field-free case. Furthermore, our results show that the maximum Stark shift of the 2 p state is about 0.9 Up(penderomotive energy), and that of the 4 p state is about 1.0 Up. It indicates that the energy difference between some satellite-and main-peaks of the BTHG can be used to measure the maximum Stark shift of the excited states of He atom in the laser field.
文摘针对纯电动汽车两挡双离合自动变速器(two-speed dual-clutch transmission,2DCT)换挡控制模型及参数的不确定性和存在的未知干扰,提出了一种线性自抗扰(linear active disturbance rejection controller,LADRC)换挡控制策略。首先建立2DCT换挡过程动力学模型,并分析了换挡过程;然后考虑控制模型的不确定性及未知干扰,将LADRC控制器应用到换挡过程对期望角速度进行跟踪,并采用扩张状态观测器(extended state observer,ESO)对扰动进行实时估计,并加以补偿,最后与PID控制进行对比。仿真和实验结果表明,该控制器跟踪误差更小,鲁棒性强,能保证良好的换挡品质。
文摘The existing research results show that a fixed single station must conduct three consecutive frequency shift measurements and obtain the target’s moving speed by constructing two frequency difference equations. This article proposes a new method that requires only two consecutive measurements. While using the azimuth measurement to obtain the angular difference between two radial distances, it also conducts two consecutive Doppler frequency shift measurements at the same target azimuth. On the basis of this measurement, a frequency difference equation is first constructed and solved jointly with the Doppler frequency shift equation. By eliminating the velocity variable and using the measured angular difference to obtain the target’s lead angle, the target’s velocity can be solved by using the Doppler frequency shift equation again. The new method avoids the condition that the target must move equidistantly, which not only provides an achievable method for engineering applications but also lays a good foundation for further exploring the use of steady-state signals to achieve passive positioning.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.91436103,11404025,and 91536106)the Research Program of National University of Defense Technology,China(Grant No.JC15-0203)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2014M560061)
文摘Accurate isotope shift factors of the 2s2p^（3,1）P_1~o–2s^2 ~1S_0 transitions in B II, obtained with the multi-configuration Dirac–Hartree–Fock and the relativistic configuration interaction methods, are reported. We found a linear correlation relation between the mass shift factors and the energies for the transitions concerned, considering all-order electron correlations. This relation is important for estimating the uncertainty in the calculation of isotope shift factors. These atomic data can be used to extract the nuclear mean-square charge radii of the boron isotopes with halo structures or to resolve the high precise spectroscopy of B II in astronomical observation.
文摘This paper presents the operation of LCL type resonant arc welding power supply with fixed frequency and its steady state mathematical model. Using MathCAD to get the results and compared it to the results of the SPICE simulative experiment, we verify this mathematical model is correct.
文摘电网换相换流器型高压直流输电(line commutated converter high voltage direct current,LCC-HVDC)的强非线性导致其内部频率耦合复杂多样,传统建模方法难以兼顾准确性与实用性。为此,提出了一种基于相移原理的降维谐波状态空间(harmonic state space,HSS)建模方法,将谐波域相移原理与HSS理论相结合,建立了LCC-HVDC系统的降维HSS模型。通过PSCAD/EMTDC平台搭建LCC-HVDC系统的时域仿真算例,验证了所建模型的正确性。在此基础上分析了LCC-HVDC系统的小扰动稳定性,并采用参与因子对失稳模态的主导因素进行了辨识。基于所建立的模型进一步研究了HSS截断阶数对模型精度及稳定性分析的影响,并给出了LCC-HVDC系统HSS模型截断阶数选取的建议。结果表明,所提模型具有较高的完整性与准确性,且相较于传统HSS模型的维度降低了一半,大大缩短了计算时间,有效降低了理论分析的复杂度。
文摘We have developed an open-source cross-platform software toolkit entitled ACCEPT-NMR (Automated Crystal Contact Extrapolation/Prediction Toolkit for NMR) as a helpful tool to automate many of the complex tasks required to find and visualize crystal contacts in structures of biomolecules and biomolecular assemblies. This toolkit provides many powerful features geared toward NMR spectroscopy and related disciplines, such as isotopic labeling, advanced visualization options, and reporting tools. Using this software, we have undertaken a survey of available chemical shift data in the literature and deposited in the BMRB, and show that the mere presence of one or more crystal contacts to a residue confers an approximately 65% likelihood of significant chemical shift perturbations (relative to solution NMR chemical shifts). The presence of each additional crystal contact subsequently increases this probability, resulting in predictive accuracies in excess of 80% in many cases. Conversely, the presence of a significant experimental chemical shift perturbation indicates a >60% likelihood of finding one or more crystal contacts to a particular residue. Pinpointing sites likely to experience large CSPs is critical to mapping solution NMR chemical shifts onto solid-state NMR data as a basis for preliminary assignments, and can thus simplify the assignment process for complex biomolecules. Mapping observed CSPs onto the molecular structure, on the other hand, can indicate the presence of crystal interfaces where no crystal structure is available. Finally, by detecting sites critical to intermolecular interfaces, ACCEPT-NMR can help guide experimental approaches (e.g. isotopic labeling schemes) to detect and probe specific inter-subunit interactions.
文摘为了精确地反映死区时间对双有源桥式变换器(dual active bridge,DAB)移相角偏移与传输功率的影响,将缓冲电容的作用引入到DAB死区效应的分析中。通过设定最优死区时间将电感电流过零点排除在死区时段之外,降低了不同电压模式下死区过程分析的难度,并得到一个更精确的DAB移相角与传输功率的模型。结果表明:应用该模型能够准确地计算出DAB任意工况下的静态工作点,从而提高DAB小信号建模的精度。
