In this paper,it is first briefly described the basic situation and current policies of state owned enterprise reform in China.Then the major issues in the reform process are identified,the possible solutions in term...In this paper,it is first briefly described the basic situation and current policies of state owned enterprise reform in China.Then the major issues in the reform process are identified,the possible solutions in terms of reengineering stock equity structure and state share circulation are discussed,and finally some suggestions are made for the further state owned enterprise reform.Basing on the theory on the modern corporation system,relevant experiences of market economy nations and the practice of Chinese enterprise system reform.The approaches to determine the proportion of state share in the future corporations are proposed.Since the public ownership is not ideologically appropriate,the establishment of social security fund and mutual fund investment companies are suggested as new and acceptable pattern of public ownership.It is believed that these companies will be the major institutional shareholders in the future corporations.Their stock equity structure would mainly consist of institutional shareholders,which will be both consistent with international norms of modern corporations and with socialist public ownership with Chinese characteristics.展开更多
The main objective of the study was to examine the influence of vehicle fleet management practices on service delivery in State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs) in Zimbabwe. The study adopted a pragmatism research philosophy ...The main objective of the study was to examine the influence of vehicle fleet management practices on service delivery in State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs) in Zimbabwe. The study adopted a pragmatism research philosophy together with a mixed method research paradigm. In addition, structured questionnaires were distributed to 344 respondents drawn from 86 SOEs. Stratified and purposive sampling was used. Descriptive statistics were calculated using Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) version 20. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was done on all items of the study while research hypotheses were tested using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) in AMOS version 21. The study concluded that vehicle maintenance, fuel management, driver management and vehicle replacement positively influence service delivery. In addition, the study also established that Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) moderate the influence of vehicle fleet management practices on service delivery. The study recommended that there is need for regular driver training and vehicle programs encompassing electronic spares tracking.展开更多
Reflect on the benefits and costs of the current approaches in the European Union and the People’s Republic of China.To the conclusion that State Owned Enterprises(SOE)’s and more generally state conduct should be f...Reflect on the benefits and costs of the current approaches in the European Union and the People’s Republic of China.To the conclusion that State Owned Enterprises(SOE)’s and more generally state conduct should be fully covered by competition law.展开更多
This paper analyzes the three main fundamental issues in the design of China's ETS pilots,including allowance allocation,price mechanism and state-owned key enterprises,and proposed suggested solutions.For the iss...This paper analyzes the three main fundamental issues in the design of China's ETS pilots,including allowance allocation,price mechanism and state-owned key enterprises,and proposed suggested solutions.For the issue of allowance allocation,we suggest that the gradual hybrid mode could be applied at the beginning,which starts with mainly free allocation and then increases auction ratio gradually.And grandfathering is a suitable method of free allocation.For the issue of price mechanism,we suggest a price floating zone with open market operation to reduce the uncertainty of prices.For the issue of state-owned key enterprises,we suggest a good coordination with SASAC,defining the state-owned property right and supervision right when state-owned key enterprises are involved into the carbon market,and the local government can set rules of allocation and transaction to limit their potential market power.展开更多
Reform of China’s state-owned asset management system is an important component of China’s economic system reform,but also a key factor in rejuvenating the national economy.In this article,the authors analyzed the b...Reform of China’s state-owned asset management system is an important component of China’s economic system reform,but also a key factor in rejuvenating the national economy.In this article,the authors analyzed the background of the reform,summarized the reform process and discussed related question on how to deepen the reform.展开更多
The distribution relationship between the profits of state-owned enterprises and the state has been constantly changing with the times. From the state implementing the policy that state-owned enterprises not pay profi...The distribution relationship between the profits of state-owned enterprises and the state has been constantly changing with the times. From the state implementing the policy that state-owned enterprises not pay profits to the state in 1994 to the constant growth of stateowned enterprises in the 21st century,their profits have become more and more abundant. Until 2007,the state issued a document stipulates that the state-owned enterprises should pay part of their profits to the state,but at the initial stage of trial implementation of the policy,the implementation was not effective,and finally in 2010 the state officially announced the collection of profits from state-owned enterprises and increased the proportion of collection. From the perspective of agricultural state-owned enterprises,using the difference-in-difference( DID)model,this paper studied the state policy of increasing the profit delivery proportion of state-owned enterprises in 2020. Through CSMAR database,we selected agricultural state-owned listed companies in the 2008-2013 as samples,tested the impact of the implementation of the new policy in 2010 on the operation performance of agricultural state-owned enterprises,evaluated the implementation effect of the policy through comparing the operation performance before and after the policy,and explored whether the policy has an impact on the bond rating. Through empirical research,it found that increasing the profit delivery proportion of state-owned enterprises is helpful for improving the operation performance of state-owned enterprises and improving the quality of bond ratings,and this policy has more prominent effects on stimulating the performance of monopolistic state-owned enterprises. Therefore,collection of some profits from state-owned enterprises can promote better development of state-owned enterprises and also benefit both the state and the people.展开更多
The paper viewed the current problem that state-owned enterprises in northeast industry base hadn't technologies of their own intellectual property right, whose sources mainly depended on imitation and introduction f...The paper viewed the current problem that state-owned enterprises in northeast industry base hadn't technologies of their own intellectual property right, whose sources mainly depended on imitation and introduction from abroad. Operational evaluation method and index criteria system of enterprises technology innovation ability were put forward in this paper, different enterprises may revise the model according to their actual situations to evaluate the enterprise technological innovation ability scientifically and quickly. The findings will be helpful to correlative departments to formulate the related policies and also has important theoretical and practical value in technological innovation project of enterprise.展开更多
The purpose of this study is to analyze the characteristics of the spatial distribution and change trend of the marketing level of stateowned land supply so as to provide policy recommendations. Method of spatial auto...The purpose of this study is to analyze the characteristics of the spatial distribution and change trend of the marketing level of stateowned land supply so as to provide policy recommendations. Method of spatial autocorrelation analysis is employed. The results indicate that the spatial layout of the land supply marketing level is generally dispersed,but it does assemble in some specific area. The correlation between the marketing level of state-owned land supply and the economic development is not statistically significant. But their relations fluctuate obviously. The overall marketing level of state-owned land supply is increasing and spatially concentrated. The expansion rate of marketing has decreased first and then increased and stabilized now. The high-value cluster center of marketing level of state-owned land supply exists all over the country; however the existence probability of the cluster is bigger in undeveloped areas. It is concluded that spatial autocorrelation analysis is a good method to quantitatively analyze the spatial variation of marketing level of state-owned land supply in China. To grasp the spatial and temporal variations of the marketing level of state-owned land supply is also good to enhance running of the state-owned land market.展开更多
Since the Third Plenary Session of the 18 th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the concept of the mixed ownership economy has received extensive attention from all sectors of society, which has effect...Since the Third Plenary Session of the 18 th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the concept of the mixed ownership economy has received extensive attention from all sectors of society, which has effect on a coming new round of reformation on enterprise property. However, in order to take control of the state-owned shares in the end making the state ownership economy become the principal position and to enlarge the scale of state-owned shares, which guides the common development with the non-public sectors of the economy, how to determine the proportion of state-owned shares? Under the background of the mixed ownership reformation, the article explains the mixed ownership by explaining how to enlarge the state-owned assets controlling scale and how to improve the stateowned company 'economic effi ciency and how to protect the interests of small shareholders. The final conclusion is that the SASAC should use the thinking of relative holdings, instead of the absolute control thinking, and should make use of the games among the large shareholders and the pyramidal ownership structure to make the pattern of ownership diversify.展开更多
The development of state-owned forest area plays a very important role in the development of Chinese forest industry, and even in the construction of national economy. As the backbone of Chinese forestry development, ...The development of state-owned forest area plays a very important role in the development of Chinese forest industry, and even in the construction of national economy. As the backbone of Chinese forestry development, it contributes to Chinese economic development, ecological environment protection and social progress. How to balance all stakeholders' interest and behaviors remains as one of the focuses in the study of sustainable development of forest areas. On this basis, researches were carried out and described in the paper. Firstly, the paper goes through the concept and scope of state-owned forest area in China; Secondly, it defines the stakeholders of state-owned forest area, and discusses over the problems in stakeholders' behaviors from the aspect of responsibility, rights and interests; and Finally, it designs the stakeholders' behaviors on the basis of existing problems and provides constructive suggestions on deeper reform of state-owned forest areas.展开更多
The Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee ushered in a new chapter of China's comprehensive deepening of reform. The basic objective of comprehensively deepening reform of the state sector of econom...The Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee ushered in a new chapter of China's comprehensive deepening of reform. The basic objective of comprehensively deepening reform of the state sector of economy in the new chapter is to fully integrate this sector with a sophisticated market economic system with the market playing the decisive role in resource allocation. In order to achieve this objective, China is confronted with the four major priorities of adjusting the functions and layout of the state sector of economy according to national mandates, expediting the mixed ownership reform, creating a classified and multi- tiered new system for the administration of the sector, and developing a modern corporate system for SOEs to ensure an efficient micro-level governance mechanism for the sector. (1) The functions of the different types of SOEs should be accurately defined and SOEs should be divided into the three types of public policy SOEs, functional SOEs, and commercial SOEs. This classification forms the premises for reforming the state sector of economy. Based on the functions of the three types of SOEs, the directions and emphases for strategic adjustment should differ as well. (2) The mixed ownership reform should adhere to the methodological principles of combining top-down and bottom-up approaches, implementing pilot programs, and promoting coordinated progress. Practical implementation should ensure fair and standard reform procedures, reform programs consistent with laws and regulations, open and fair equity transfers, as well as fair and transparent internal distributions. The mixed ownership reform of SOEs should introduce the employee stock ownership system and adhere to the principles of compatible incentives, shared growth, and long-term development. Monopolistic sectors should be transformed into competitive market structures to create conditions for the implementation of mixed ownership for SOEs. (3) The new system for the administration of the state sector of economy should comprise three hierarchies: the Commission for the Administration of State Economy at the top level, state capital operation companies or state capital investment companies at the intermediate level and general for-profit enterprises at the bottom level, which administer public policy, functional SOEs, and commercial SOEs respectively. (4) Under the new system for the administration of the state sector of economy characterized by the three hierarchies and categories, the key for perfecting the modern corporate system of SOEs is to establish a differentiated, classified governance mechanism, i.e., different corporate governance mechanisms should be created for SOEs of different functions and roles.展开更多
This article analyzes the basic experiences in the reform and development of China’s non-state-owned economy,based on a review of its distinctive features and major achievements of sustained rapid development over th...This article analyzes the basic experiences in the reform and development of China’s non-state-owned economy,based on a review of its distinctive features and major achievements of sustained rapid development over the last three decades since reform and opening began. It also identifies the problems facing further reform and development of China’s non-state-owned economy. Finally,it presents an outlook of the future of non-state-owned economic development. Looking ahead,the collectively owned economy in urban areas and townships is expected to enter a new stage of development based on transition and transformation; the individual and private economy will reach new heights of development; foreign invested enterprises will further boost economic and technological investment and raise the technological content of output.展开更多
Economic globalization has a very important impact on the world economic development.The economic globalization,especially after the 1970s,not only promoted the global industry division of labor,but also changed the e...Economic globalization has a very important impact on the world economic development.The economic globalization,especially after the 1970s,not only promoted the global industry division of labor,but also changed the economic structure of the world.From the perspective of global industrial division,many counties have entered post-industrial process,the United States is a case in point.However,economic globalization is an abstract conception,which it consists of trade liberalization,capital globalization,and production decentralization.Therefore,trade liberalization,capital globalization,and production decentralization are important factors for the formation of the post-industrial economy in the United States.展开更多
This paper uses Qian’s level-standard economy approach to analyze the losses and gains of American globalization in the Neoliberal Era.Analysis found that:level-standard economy’s sectors are the losers during the p...This paper uses Qian’s level-standard economy approach to analyze the losses and gains of American globalization in the Neoliberal Era.Analysis found that:level-standard economy’s sectors are the losers during the process of American globalization in the Neoliberal Era;and super levelstandard economy’s sectors are the winners during the process of American globalization in the Neoliberal Era.The erosion of the level-standard economy has great harm and impact on related parties,so that the USA emerges the movement of populist backlash against globalization.This paper proposes 4 measures to solve this dilemma,i.e.,to impose higher tax rates on the winners of American globalization in the Neoliberal Era,to subsidize more to the losers of American globalization in the Neoliberal Era,to moderately relocate manufacturing and other industries back to the U.S.,and to further strengthen transnational cooperation.展开更多
The new normal state of economy is not only the overall trend of China's current economic development stage, but also the strategic choice of China for the future economic development, the anticipation for the eco...The new normal state of economy is not only the overall trend of China's current economic development stage, but also the strategic choice of China for the future economic development, the anticipation for the economic development and its outcome under the new strategy. It is of great strategic significance for the long-term development of China's human rights as a whole, yet it makes a short-term challenge to the realization of the rights of vulnerable groups. Under the new normal state of economy, it should be targeted to strengthen the protection of the rights of vulnerable groups, which is very important not only for the overall development of China's human rights causes, but also for China to cross over 'the middle-income trap' and to achieve sustainable development of economy.展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.79770 0 63)
文摘In this paper,it is first briefly described the basic situation and current policies of state owned enterprise reform in China.Then the major issues in the reform process are identified,the possible solutions in terms of reengineering stock equity structure and state share circulation are discussed,and finally some suggestions are made for the further state owned enterprise reform.Basing on the theory on the modern corporation system,relevant experiences of market economy nations and the practice of Chinese enterprise system reform.The approaches to determine the proportion of state share in the future corporations are proposed.Since the public ownership is not ideologically appropriate,the establishment of social security fund and mutual fund investment companies are suggested as new and acceptable pattern of public ownership.It is believed that these companies will be the major institutional shareholders in the future corporations.Their stock equity structure would mainly consist of institutional shareholders,which will be both consistent with international norms of modern corporations and with socialist public ownership with Chinese characteristics.
文摘The main objective of the study was to examine the influence of vehicle fleet management practices on service delivery in State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs) in Zimbabwe. The study adopted a pragmatism research philosophy together with a mixed method research paradigm. In addition, structured questionnaires were distributed to 344 respondents drawn from 86 SOEs. Stratified and purposive sampling was used. Descriptive statistics were calculated using Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) version 20. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was done on all items of the study while research hypotheses were tested using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) in AMOS version 21. The study concluded that vehicle maintenance, fuel management, driver management and vehicle replacement positively influence service delivery. In addition, the study also established that Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) moderate the influence of vehicle fleet management practices on service delivery. The study recommended that there is need for regular driver training and vehicle programs encompassing electronic spares tracking.
文摘Reflect on the benefits and costs of the current approaches in the European Union and the People’s Republic of China.To the conclusion that State Owned Enterprises(SOE)’s and more generally state conduct should be fully covered by competition law.
基金supported by Asian CORE program"Manufacturing and Environmental Management in East Asia" of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science(JSPS)supported by the 2010 Key Project of Philosophy and Social Sciences Research,Ministry of Education:"Research on China's Emissions Trading System under Low-carbon Economy Transformation"(Grant No.10JZD0018)+1 种基金the New Century Excellent Talents Support Plan,Ministry of Education(Grant No.NCET-10-0646)the Key Project of the National Social Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12&ZD059)
文摘This paper analyzes the three main fundamental issues in the design of China's ETS pilots,including allowance allocation,price mechanism and state-owned key enterprises,and proposed suggested solutions.For the issue of allowance allocation,we suggest that the gradual hybrid mode could be applied at the beginning,which starts with mainly free allocation and then increases auction ratio gradually.And grandfathering is a suitable method of free allocation.For the issue of price mechanism,we suggest a price floating zone with open market operation to reduce the uncertainty of prices.For the issue of state-owned key enterprises,we suggest a good coordination with SASAC,defining the state-owned property right and supervision right when state-owned key enterprises are involved into the carbon market,and the local government can set rules of allocation and transaction to limit their potential market power.
文摘Reform of China’s state-owned asset management system is an important component of China’s economic system reform,but also a key factor in rejuvenating the national economy.In this article,the authors analyzed the background of the reform,summarized the reform process and discussed related question on how to deepen the reform.
文摘The distribution relationship between the profits of state-owned enterprises and the state has been constantly changing with the times. From the state implementing the policy that state-owned enterprises not pay profits to the state in 1994 to the constant growth of stateowned enterprises in the 21st century,their profits have become more and more abundant. Until 2007,the state issued a document stipulates that the state-owned enterprises should pay part of their profits to the state,but at the initial stage of trial implementation of the policy,the implementation was not effective,and finally in 2010 the state officially announced the collection of profits from state-owned enterprises and increased the proportion of collection. From the perspective of agricultural state-owned enterprises,using the difference-in-difference( DID)model,this paper studied the state policy of increasing the profit delivery proportion of state-owned enterprises in 2020. Through CSMAR database,we selected agricultural state-owned listed companies in the 2008-2013 as samples,tested the impact of the implementation of the new policy in 2010 on the operation performance of agricultural state-owned enterprises,evaluated the implementation effect of the policy through comparing the operation performance before and after the policy,and explored whether the policy has an impact on the bond rating. Through empirical research,it found that increasing the profit delivery proportion of state-owned enterprises is helpful for improving the operation performance of state-owned enterprises and improving the quality of bond ratings,and this policy has more prominent effects on stimulating the performance of monopolistic state-owned enterprises. Therefore,collection of some profits from state-owned enterprises can promote better development of state-owned enterprises and also benefit both the state and the people.
文摘The paper viewed the current problem that state-owned enterprises in northeast industry base hadn't technologies of their own intellectual property right, whose sources mainly depended on imitation and introduction from abroad. Operational evaluation method and index criteria system of enterprises technology innovation ability were put forward in this paper, different enterprises may revise the model according to their actual situations to evaluate the enterprise technological innovation ability scientifically and quickly. The findings will be helpful to correlative departments to formulate the related policies and also has important theoretical and practical value in technological innovation project of enterprise.
基金Supported by Chongqing Key Humanities and Social Sciences Base--Research Center of Rural Economics and Management of Southwest University
文摘The purpose of this study is to analyze the characteristics of the spatial distribution and change trend of the marketing level of stateowned land supply so as to provide policy recommendations. Method of spatial autocorrelation analysis is employed. The results indicate that the spatial layout of the land supply marketing level is generally dispersed,but it does assemble in some specific area. The correlation between the marketing level of state-owned land supply and the economic development is not statistically significant. But their relations fluctuate obviously. The overall marketing level of state-owned land supply is increasing and spatially concentrated. The expansion rate of marketing has decreased first and then increased and stabilized now. The high-value cluster center of marketing level of state-owned land supply exists all over the country; however the existence probability of the cluster is bigger in undeveloped areas. It is concluded that spatial autocorrelation analysis is a good method to quantitatively analyze the spatial variation of marketing level of state-owned land supply in China. To grasp the spatial and temporal variations of the marketing level of state-owned land supply is also good to enhance running of the state-owned land market.
文摘Since the Third Plenary Session of the 18 th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the concept of the mixed ownership economy has received extensive attention from all sectors of society, which has effect on a coming new round of reformation on enterprise property. However, in order to take control of the state-owned shares in the end making the state ownership economy become the principal position and to enlarge the scale of state-owned shares, which guides the common development with the non-public sectors of the economy, how to determine the proportion of state-owned shares? Under the background of the mixed ownership reformation, the article explains the mixed ownership by explaining how to enlarge the state-owned assets controlling scale and how to improve the stateowned company 'economic effi ciency and how to protect the interests of small shareholders. The final conclusion is that the SASAC should use the thinking of relative holdings, instead of the absolute control thinking, and should make use of the games among the large shareholders and the pyramidal ownership structure to make the pattern of ownership diversify.
文摘The development of state-owned forest area plays a very important role in the development of Chinese forest industry, and even in the construction of national economy. As the backbone of Chinese forestry development, it contributes to Chinese economic development, ecological environment protection and social progress. How to balance all stakeholders' interest and behaviors remains as one of the focuses in the study of sustainable development of forest areas. On this basis, researches were carried out and described in the paper. Firstly, the paper goes through the concept and scope of state-owned forest area in China; Secondly, it defines the stakeholders of state-owned forest area, and discusses over the problems in stakeholders' behaviors from the aspect of responsibility, rights and interests; and Finally, it designs the stakeholders' behaviors on the basis of existing problems and provides constructive suggestions on deeper reform of state-owned forest areas.
文摘The Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee ushered in a new chapter of China's comprehensive deepening of reform. The basic objective of comprehensively deepening reform of the state sector of economy in the new chapter is to fully integrate this sector with a sophisticated market economic system with the market playing the decisive role in resource allocation. In order to achieve this objective, China is confronted with the four major priorities of adjusting the functions and layout of the state sector of economy according to national mandates, expediting the mixed ownership reform, creating a classified and multi- tiered new system for the administration of the sector, and developing a modern corporate system for SOEs to ensure an efficient micro-level governance mechanism for the sector. (1) The functions of the different types of SOEs should be accurately defined and SOEs should be divided into the three types of public policy SOEs, functional SOEs, and commercial SOEs. This classification forms the premises for reforming the state sector of economy. Based on the functions of the three types of SOEs, the directions and emphases for strategic adjustment should differ as well. (2) The mixed ownership reform should adhere to the methodological principles of combining top-down and bottom-up approaches, implementing pilot programs, and promoting coordinated progress. Practical implementation should ensure fair and standard reform procedures, reform programs consistent with laws and regulations, open and fair equity transfers, as well as fair and transparent internal distributions. The mixed ownership reform of SOEs should introduce the employee stock ownership system and adhere to the principles of compatible incentives, shared growth, and long-term development. Monopolistic sectors should be transformed into competitive market structures to create conditions for the implementation of mixed ownership for SOEs. (3) The new system for the administration of the state sector of economy should comprise three hierarchies: the Commission for the Administration of State Economy at the top level, state capital operation companies or state capital investment companies at the intermediate level and general for-profit enterprises at the bottom level, which administer public policy, functional SOEs, and commercial SOEs respectively. (4) Under the new system for the administration of the state sector of economy characterized by the three hierarchies and categories, the key for perfecting the modern corporate system of SOEs is to establish a differentiated, classified governance mechanism, i.e., different corporate governance mechanisms should be created for SOEs of different functions and roles.
文摘This article analyzes the basic experiences in the reform and development of China’s non-state-owned economy,based on a review of its distinctive features and major achievements of sustained rapid development over the last three decades since reform and opening began. It also identifies the problems facing further reform and development of China’s non-state-owned economy. Finally,it presents an outlook of the future of non-state-owned economic development. Looking ahead,the collectively owned economy in urban areas and townships is expected to enter a new stage of development based on transition and transformation; the individual and private economy will reach new heights of development; foreign invested enterprises will further boost economic and technological investment and raise the technological content of output.
基金Fund Project:National Social Science Foundation of China General Project:Research on the Formation of Post-industrial Society in the United States From the Perspective of Economic Globalization(1945-2000)(18BSS013).
文摘Economic globalization has a very important impact on the world economic development.The economic globalization,especially after the 1970s,not only promoted the global industry division of labor,but also changed the economic structure of the world.From the perspective of global industrial division,many counties have entered post-industrial process,the United States is a case in point.However,economic globalization is an abstract conception,which it consists of trade liberalization,capital globalization,and production decentralization.Therefore,trade liberalization,capital globalization,and production decentralization are important factors for the formation of the post-industrial economy in the United States.
文摘This paper uses Qian’s level-standard economy approach to analyze the losses and gains of American globalization in the Neoliberal Era.Analysis found that:level-standard economy’s sectors are the losers during the process of American globalization in the Neoliberal Era;and super levelstandard economy’s sectors are the winners during the process of American globalization in the Neoliberal Era.The erosion of the level-standard economy has great harm and impact on related parties,so that the USA emerges the movement of populist backlash against globalization.This paper proposes 4 measures to solve this dilemma,i.e.,to impose higher tax rates on the winners of American globalization in the Neoliberal Era,to subsidize more to the losers of American globalization in the Neoliberal Era,to moderately relocate manufacturing and other industries back to the U.S.,and to further strengthen transnational cooperation.
文摘The new normal state of economy is not only the overall trend of China's current economic development stage, but also the strategic choice of China for the future economic development, the anticipation for the economic development and its outcome under the new strategy. It is of great strategic significance for the long-term development of China's human rights as a whole, yet it makes a short-term challenge to the realization of the rights of vulnerable groups. Under the new normal state of economy, it should be targeted to strengthen the protection of the rights of vulnerable groups, which is very important not only for the overall development of China's human rights causes, but also for China to cross over 'the middle-income trap' and to achieve sustainable development of economy.