Resilience to structural and molecular changes in excitatory synapses in the hippocampus contributes to cognitive function recovery in Tg2576 mice

Plaques of amyloid-β(Aβ)and neurofibrillary tangles are the main pathological characteristics of Alzheimer’s disease(AD).However,some older adult people with AD pathological hallmarks can retain cognitive function.Unraveling the factors that lead to this cognitive resilience to AD offers promising prospects for identifying new therapeutic targets.Our hypothesis focuses on the contribution of resilience to changes in excitatory synapses at the structural and molecular levels,which may underlie healthy cognitive performance in aged AD animals.Utilizing the Morris Water Maze test,we selected resilient(asymptomatic)and cognitively impaired aged Tg2576 mice.While the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed similar levels of Aβ42 in both experimental groups,western blot analysis revealed differences in tau pathology in the pre-synaptic supernatant fraction.To further investigate the density of synapses in the hippocampus of 16-18 month-old Tg2576 mice,we employed stereological and electron microscopic methods.Our findings indicated a decrease in the density of excitatory synapses in the stratum radiatum of the hippocampal CA1 in cognitively impaired Tg2576 mice compared with age-matched resilient Tg2576 and non-transgenic controls.Intriguingly,through quantitative immunoelectron microscopy in the hippocampus of impaired and resilient Tg2576 transgenic AD mice,we uncovered differences in the subcellular localization of glutamate receptors.Specifically,the density of GluA1,GluA2/3,and mGlu5 in spines and dendritic shafts of CA1 pyramidal cells in impaired Tg2576 mice was significantly reduced compared with age-matched resilient Tg2576 and non-transgenic controls.Notably,the density of GluA2/3 in resilient Tg2576 mice was significantly increased in spines but not in dendritic shafts compared with impaired Tg2576 and non-transgenic mice.These subcellular findings strongly support the hypothesis that dendritic spine plasticity and synaptic machinery in the hippocampus play crucial roles in the mechanisms of cognitive resilience in Tg2576 mice.

A unitary caring science resilience-building model:Unifying the human caring theory and research-informed psychology and neuroscience evidence

Resilience is the psychological capability to recover from difficulties quickly.Healthcare professionals are especially vulnerable to job-related stress and burnout.Unitary Caring Science is the framework for Watson’s Human Caring Theory,providing a philosophy of practice in healthcare.With the high rates of clinician burnout and psychological issues,it will be significant to unify the human caring theory with research-informed psychological and neuroscience evidence to develop clinicians’resilience-building strategies.The purpose of this article is to introduce a Unitary Caring Science Resilience Model and explain the science behind the core strategies based on Unitary Caring Science philosophy and the psychological and neuroscience research.This model includes six strategies:Embracing loving-kindness for self and others;Nurturing interpersonal and intersubjective connections/relations;Deepening a creative use of self and sense of belonging;Balancing self-learning,self-awareness,and an evolved selfconsciousness;Valuing forgiveness and releasing negativity;Inspiring and maintaining faith-hope.The caring-theory guided resilience-building strategies are proven to alleviate the depletion of clinicians’energy and emotions.Healthcare practices are challenging but rewarding.Clinicians can be emotionally,psychologically,and physically exhausted if they always consider themselves‘giving’and‘doing’institutional tasks without a sense of purpose or fulfillment.The practice can be rewarding if it becomes more aligned with clinicians’value to serve humanity.Through the unitary caring science resilience strategies,clinicians can build resilience as an antidote to clinician burnout and depletion.

Monte Carlo calculation of the exposure of Chinese female astronauts to earth’s trapped radiation on board the Chinese Space Station

With the development of China’s crewed space mission,the space radiation risk for astronauts is increasingly prominent.This paper describes a simulation of the radiation doses experienced by a Chinese female voxel phantom on board the Chinese Space Station(CSS)performed using the Monte Carlo N-Particle(MCNP)software.The absorbed dose,equivalent dose,and effective dose experienced by the voxel phantom and its critical organs are discussed for different levels of shielding of the Tianhe core module.The risk of space-radiation exposure is then assessed by comparing these doses with the current risk limits in China(the skin dose limit for short-term low-earth-orbit missions)and the NASA figures(National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements Report No.98)for female astronauts.The results obtained can be used to guide and optimize the radiation protection provided for manned space missions.

Resilience based importance measure analysis for SoS

In a system of systems(SoS),resilience is an important factor in maintaining the functionality,stability,and enhancing the operation effectiveness.From the perspective of resilience,this paper studies the importance of the SoS,and a resilience-based importance measure analysis is conducted to provide suggestions in the design and optimization of the structure of the SoS.In this paper,the components of the SoS are simplified as four kinds of network nodes:sensor,decision point,influencer,and target.In this networked SoS,the number of operation loops is used as the performance indicator,and an approximate algorithm,which is based on eigenvalue of the adjacency matrix,is proposed to calculate the number of operation loops.In order to understand the performance change of the SoS during the attack and defense process in the operations,an integral resilience model is proposed to depict the resilience of the SoS.From different perspectives of enhancing the resilience,different measures,parameters and the corresponding algorithms for the resilience importance of components are proposed.Finally,a case study on an SoS is conducted to verify the validity of the network modelling and the resiliencebased importance analysis method.

Potential significance of CX3CR1 dynamics in stress resilience against neuronal disorders

Recent findings have implicated inflammatory responses in the central nervous system in a variety of neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases,and the understanding and control of immunological responses could be a major factor of future therapeutic strategies for neurological disorders.Microglia,derived from myelogenous cells,respond to a number of stimuli and make immune responses,resulting in a prominent role as cells that act on inflammation in the central nervous system.Fractalkine(FKN or CX3CL1)signaling is an important factor that influences the inflammatory response of microglia.The receptor for FKN,CX3CR1,is usually expressed in microglia in the brain,and therefore the inflammatory response of microglia is modified by FKN.Reportedly,FKN often suppresses inflammatory responses in microglia and activation of its receptor may be effective in the treatment of inflammatory neurological disorders.However,it has also been suggested that inflammatory responses facilitated by FKN signaling aggravate neurological disorders.Thus,further studies are still required to resolve the conflicting interpretation of the protective or deleterious contribution of microglial FKN signaling.Yet notably,regulation of FKN signaling has recently been shown to be beneficial in the treatment of human diseases,although not neurological diseases.In addition,a CX3CR1 inhibitor has been developed and successfully tested in animal models,and it is expected to be in human clinical trials in the future.In this review,I describe the potential therapeutic consideration of microglial CX3CR1 dynamics through altered FKN signaling.

基于广义S变换的光伏电站谐波和间谐波分析方法

针对S变换高斯窗函数形式固定不变的问题,引入高斯窗调节因子改进S变换,提出一种基于广义S变换的光伏电站谐波和间谐波分析方法。首先通过MATLAB/Simulink搭建光伏电站的仿真模型,在自然采样双极性SPWM调制方式下采集逆变器的三相输出电压;然后以A相电压为例,采用广义S变换对电压信号处理得到一个模时频矩阵;最后对该矩阵分析实现光伏电站谐波和间谐波参数的准确计算。仿真结果表明,本文方法的幅值计算误差最大仅为3.30×10^(-4)%,频率的平均计算误差为0%,远小于S变换幅值误差35.19%和频率误差2.39%;能满足光伏电站谐波和间谐波检测精度的需要。

水泵水轮机S特性对相继甩尾水最小压力的影响

为探究水泵水轮机全特性曲线S特性与尾水压力最小值的联系,基于新丰抽水蓄能电站的过渡过程数值仿真模型模拟了尾水最不利相继甩工况。通过调整机组运行轨迹线附近开度线斜率,对比分析并总结S区形状变化对相继甩工况尾水压力极值的影响规律,提出了一种图形指标,能够应用在抽蓄前期设计中评价S特性对尾水压力影响优劣,并验证其准确性。结果表明,相继甩工况后甩机组流量变化率第一波下降时,机组运行轨迹线呈现完整倒S形,S区形状变化改变了机组流量变化率的大小,导致出现在靠近轨迹线S形下拐点前的尾水压力极值发生变化,给出的图形指标形状越趋近于竖向细长的规则长方形,相应的尾水最小压力的改善效果越好。

地震预警台站在地震定位中的应用——以四川泸定M_(S)6.8地震为例

为了研究预警台站在地震定位中的应用效果,本文以2022年9月5日四川泸定M_(S)6.8地震为例,基于地震预警台站观测资料,使用LOC3D定位方法对主震及2022年9月9日前MS≥3.0余震进行重定位。结果表明:泸定M_(S)6.8地震震中位置与人工目录结果基本一致;预警台站观测资料的加入能够增加各个方位的台站覆盖率,增加近台数量,提供地震事件S波完整震相,有效地约束地震定位结果中的震源深度,提升了地震定位精度,为地震定位提供更全面有效的数据支撑。

2020年伽师M_(S)6.4地震前柯坪台地电阻率数据变化分析

2020年1月19日位于新疆南天山西的柯坪推覆体附近发生了伽师MS6.4地震,通过对距离震中169 km的柯坪地电阻率观测数据分析显示:自2017年10月开始柯坪台两分量地电阻率观测值出现明显速率异常变化,NS向异常变化幅度为-2.33%,EW向为-0.72%;同时两分量表现出各向异性变化,异性度S出现快速下降变化。为了探讨柯坪地电阻率异常同伽师M_(S)6.4地震是否存在力学机理上的联系,本文中通过断层虚位错模型计算了地震前观测点区域内应力应变的分布,并结合震源机制解计算的P轴方向,发现在地震前柯坪地电阻率的异常变化同此次地震具有相关性。

制冷站系统负荷和能效比改进T-S模糊模型构建

制冷站具有非线性、强耦合等特点,导致传统机理的建模面临困难。为实现系统节能优化控制,并改善模型在线修正和移植性能,提出一种基于改进Takagi-Sugeno(T-S)模糊模型的制冷站负荷和能效比动态建模方法,前件结构辨识设计改进天牛须搜索算法,以改善模糊C-均值聚类方法对初值敏感和易陷入局部最优的问题;为实现非线性模型辨识,并降低现场测试数据噪声的影响,设计自适应扩展卡尔曼滤波算法实现模型后件参数辨识和在线修正。实验结果表明,所建立的负荷和能效比预测模型在广州某建筑上运行时,相对误差分别为0.63%和1.49%;使用广州市另一座建筑的数据进行模型可移植性验证,经过500步在线训练,新模型成功收敛,证明所构建模型具备良好的可移植性和适应性。

Resilience in the First Episode of Major Depressive Disorder

Aim: Resilience refers to the human ability to adapt to tragedy, trauma, adversity, and significant stressors. Recently, resilience has been defined as a potentially modifiable factor that can be improved through intervention. Here, we examined resilience during a 3-month period as patients experienced their first episode of major depressive disorder (MDD). We hypothesized that despite MDD, resilient people could recover from depressive states more quickly than less resilient people. Methods: Twelve patients experienced their first MDD episode and 21 healthy control individuals participated in the study. Data from the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D), S-H Resilience Scale (S-HRS), and State-Trait Anxiety Index (STAI) were collected at two time points. Time 1 was the first visit after registration and Time 2 was 12 weeks later. Based on the symptoms described by the HAM-D results, the MDD group was divided into MDD-remission and MDD-residual subgroups. Results: Compared with controls, patients showed significantly lower resilience (low scores for Factor-A, Factor-B, and total S-HRS). Moreover, total SHRS scores for the MDD-remission group increased significantly from the Time 1 to Time 2, while those in MDD-residual group did not change. No significant differences in STAI scores were observed between MDD-remission and MDD-residual groups at either time point. Conclusion: This is the first report to show that patients experiencing their first episode of MDD show low resilience, and that a resilience scale might be a good index for estimating recovery from depression.

基于CNN和D-S证据理论的多站协同多功能雷达工作模式识别方法

传统的多功能雷达工作模式识别方法主要利用单一电子侦察设备侦收的脉冲数据完成特征提取,其模型或算法的泛化能力不强。因此,提出基于卷积神经网络(Convolutional Neural Network,CNN)和D-S(Dempster-Shafer)证据理论的多站协同多功能雷达工作模式识别方法。首先,利用轻量级CNN模型对不同方位、不同俯仰下侦察截获分选的脉冲幅度/波形单元数据进行自适应特征提取。其次,利用多站协同侦察系统通过D-S证据理论融合多站协同下不同侦察站点的Softmax分类器的分类结果,实现在差侦察条件下对不同空间方向上的多功能雷达工作模式快速准确识别。仿真验证结果表明,该方法相比于单侦察站条件下具有更好的识别性能。

基于和达法分析2012年新源、和静交界M_(S)6.6地震波速比变化特征

基于新疆地震台网观测报告,利用多台和单台和达法对2012年6月30日新源、和静交界M_(S)6.6地震前后波速比变化特征进行分析。结果显示:①多台和达法结果显示,在新源、和静交界M_(S)6.6地震前,震中周围区域波速比出现低值异常,震后恢复正常值;②单台和达法计算结果表明,波速比异常台站主要分布在震中附近西部和北部,异常形态以高低值突跳为主,仅持续11天时间;③由台站不同方位的地震波速比计算结果可知,波速比历经低值异常—恢复—发震的演变过程。由此证明,波速比变化与未来强震孕育关系密切。

2021年青海玛多MS7.4地震前大武台地电场优势方位角异常特征分析

为了深入了解2021年5月22日青海省玛多M_(S)7.4地震前是否存在地震电信号,本文利用地电场优势方位角方法对大武地电场的原始资料进行了分析,获得了玛多地震前震中附近场地的岩体裂隙结构变化特征,并结合本次地震震中500 km范围内八个地电场台站的岩体裂隙结构变化和该台记录到的以往震例中大武台地电场优势方位角异常变化与中强地震之间的关系进行了综合分析。结果显示:大武台新旧两套地电场数据的地电场优势方位角在震前11个月出现了显著的同步偏转现象,其中大武旧台在震前两个月优势方位角再次出现大幅度上升,异常特征主要表现为优势方位角出现同步快速偏转,最大偏转达到45°—90°;处于同一次级地块的甘孜台、玛曲台与大武台出现准同步异常现象,而其它次级地块上的台站均无异常出现,表明异常响应受到区域构造的影响。再结合大武台地电场使用该方法分析的以往震例表明:大武台的地电场优势方位角异常在中强地震前具有较好的中短期指示意义。

Science Research and Utilization Planning of China’s Space Station in Operation Period 2022–2032

The core module of China’s Space Station(CSS)is scheduled to be launched around the end of 2020,and the experimental module I and II will be launched in the next two years.After on-orbit constructions,CSS will be transferred into an operation period over 10 years(2022–2032 and beyond)to continuously implement space science missions.At present,based on the project selection and research work in the ground development period of CSS,China is systematically making a utilization mission planning for the operation period,which focuses on the fields of aerospace medicine and human research,space life science and biotechnology,microgravity fluid physics,combustion science,materials science,fundamental physics,space astronomy and astrophysics,Earth science,space physics and space environment,space application technology,etc.In combination with the latest development trend of space science and technology,China will continue to update planning for science research and technology development,carry out project cultivation,payload R&D,and upgrade onboard and ground experiment supporting systems to achieve greater comprehensive benefits in science,technology,economy,and society。

Recent Progress in Space Science and Applications of China’s Space Station in 2020-2022

China scheduled to complete the assembly of the T-shaped Tiangong Space Station in 2022,and will enter a new stage of utilization.There are more than 20 experiment racks inside the modules,and more than 50 external onboard payloads mounting spaces,which will support large-scale science and technology experiments during the operation.The development of internal experiment racks and external research accommodations approved during the construction has been completed,of which 4 racks in Tianhe core module,including High Microgravity Level research Rack(HMLR)and Container-less Materials Processing Rack(CMPR),have finished on-orbit tests;while other racks in Wentian and Mengtian experiment modules are under comprehensive ground tests.The Chinese Space Survey Telescope(CSST)has advanced much in the last two years with 24 pre-launch research projects funded and 4 joint science center built in preparation for CSST’s future scientific observations and operations.The systematic research planning for China’s Space Station(CSS)during 2022-2032 is updated with the researches classified into four important areas:space life sciences and human research,microgravity physical sciences,space astronomy and Earth science,and new space technologies and applications.According to the planning,more than 1000 experiments are expected to perform in CSS during the operating period.Overall,the CSS utilization missions are proceeding as planned,which will contribute to the major scientific or application output and have a positive impact on the quality of life on Earth.

Detection and interpretation of the Earth's free oscillations excited by the great Sumatra-Andaman earthquake with GGP station data

The mode serials of the Earth’s free oscillation provide some important information on the Earth’s deep structure and superconducting gravimeters （SG） can investigate the phenomena of the Earth’s free oscillations with high accuracy. The great Sumatra-Andaman earthquake fully excited the Earth’s free oscillations and these signals were perfectly recorded by five superconducting gravimeters in the globe. After the pre-treatment and spectral analysis on the SG observation data, we obtained the experimented mode serials of the Earth’s free oscillations consisting of 147 modes with GGP station data. These observed modes were themselves some new important data for the study of the Earth’s deep structure. On the basis of the discussions on some checked inner-core-sensitive modes, we distinguished three layers from the inner core, and the boundary of the upper layer was compatible with the formerly known transition zone in the inner core based on seismic body waves and supported that there were the hemispherical variation and very lower shear velocity zone in the lower inner core.

Snyder希望理论指导的健康行为互动模式干预对肝硬化患者心理弹性及自理能力的影响

目的探讨Snyder希望理论指导的健康行为互动模式干预对肝硬化患者心理弹性以及自理能力的影响。方法选择2021年2月至2022年10月在我院接受治疗的78例肝硬化患者,按照随机数字表法分成常规组与研究组各39例,常规组给予基础护理,研究组在常规组的基础上给予Snyder希望理论指导的健康行为互动模式干预,比较两组的Herth希望量表(HHI)、Frank依从量表(FCS)、心理弹性量表(CD-RISC10)及自理能力(肝硬化自我管理行为量表)评分。结果护理后,两组患者HHI、FCS、CD-RISC10评分均升高,研究组各评分高于对照组(P<0.05);日常生活管理、病情监测管理、用药管理及饮食管理评分均较护理前升高,且研究组自理能力各评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论Snyder希望理论指导的健康行为互动模式干预能提高患者的希望水平和治疗依从性,改善其心理弹性,提升自理能力。

基于B/S架构的地球物理观测台站管理系统的设计与实现

为做好江苏省地球物理观测台站的运行维护管理工作,解决业务交流不便,尤其是市县台站维护管理缺乏信息化平台等问题,设计实现了基于B/S架构的地球物理观测台站运行维护管理系统,并投入使用。该系统采取任务模式与可视化流程式操作,方便区域地球物理台网中心和台站维护人员快速熟悉并使用,减轻工作负担、提高工作效率,重点弥补了市县站信息化管理薄弱的缺陷,是对全国地球物理台网管理系统的补充和完善。