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ESTIMATION OF AVERAGE DIFFERENTIAL ENTROPY FOR A STATIONARY ERGODIC SPACE-TIME RANDOM FIELD ON A BOUNDED AREA
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作者 Zhanjie SONG Jiaxing ZHANG 《Acta Mathematica Scientia》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第5期1984-1996,共13页
In this paper,we mainly discuss a discrete estimation of the average differential entropy for a continuous time-stationary ergodic space-time random field.By estimating the probability value of a time-stationary rando... In this paper,we mainly discuss a discrete estimation of the average differential entropy for a continuous time-stationary ergodic space-time random field.By estimating the probability value of a time-stationary random field in a small range,we give an entropy estimation and obtain the average entropy estimation formula in a certain bounded space region.It can be proven that the estimation of the average differential entropy converges to the theoretical value with a probability of 1.In addition,we also conducted numerical experiments for different parameters to verify the convergence result obtained in the theoretical proofs. 展开更多
关键词 differential entropy stationary ERGODICITY space-time random field time series
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Robust Space-Time Adaptive Track-Before-Detect Algorithm Based on Persymmetry and Symmetric Spectrum
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作者 Xiaojing Su Da Xu +1 位作者 Dongsheng Zhu Zhixun Ma 《Journal of Beijing Institute of Technology》 EI CAS 2024年第1期65-74,共10页
Underwater monopulse space-time adaptive track-before-detect method,which combines space-time adaptive detector(STAD)and the track-before-detect algorithm based on dynamic programming(DP-TBD),denoted as STAD-DP-TBD,ca... Underwater monopulse space-time adaptive track-before-detect method,which combines space-time adaptive detector(STAD)and the track-before-detect algorithm based on dynamic programming(DP-TBD),denoted as STAD-DP-TBD,can effectively detect low-speed weak targets.However,due to the complexity and variability of the underwater environment,it is difficult to obtain sufficient secondary data,resulting in a serious decline in the detection and tracking performance,and leading to poor robustness of the algorithm.In this paper,based on the adaptive matched filter(AMF)test and the RAO test,underwater monopulse AMF-DP-TBD algorithm and RAO-DP-TBD algorithm which incorporate persymmetry and symmetric spectrum,denoted as PSAMF-DP-TBD and PS-RAO-DP-TBD,are proposed and compared with the AMF-DP-TBD algorithm and RAO-DP-TBD algorithm based on persymmetry array,denoted as P-AMF-DP-TBD and P-RAO-DP-TBD.The simulation results show that the four methods can work normally with sufficient secondary data and slightly insufficient secondary data,but when the secondary data is severely insufficient,the P-AMF-DP-TBD and P-RAO-DP-TBD algorithms has failed while the PSAMF-DP-TBD and PS-RAO-DP-TBD algorithms still have good detection and tracking capabilities. 展开更多
关键词 space-time adaptive detection track before detect ROBUSTNESS persymmetric property symmetric spectrum AMF test RAO test
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Curved Space-Time at the Planck Scale
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作者 Lewis Nash 《Journal of High Energy Physics, Gravitation and Cosmology》 CAS 2024年第1期167-179,共13页
This paper presents a physically plausible and somewhat illuminating first step in extending the fundamental principles of mechanical stress and strain to space-time. Here the geometry of space-time, encoded in the me... This paper presents a physically plausible and somewhat illuminating first step in extending the fundamental principles of mechanical stress and strain to space-time. Here the geometry of space-time, encoded in the metric tensor, is considered to be made up of a dynamic lattice of extremely small, localized fields that form a perfectly elastic Lorentz symmetric space-time at the global (macroscopic) scale. This theoretical model of space-time at the Planck scale leads to a somewhat surprising result in which matter waves in curved space-time radiate thermal gravitational energy, as well as an equally intriguing relationship for the anomalous dispersion of light in a gravitational field. 展开更多
关键词 Schwarzschild space-time Continuum Mechanics Planck Lattice Gravitational Radiation
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Virtually coupled train set control subject to space-time separation:A distributed economic MPC approach with emergency braking configuration
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作者 Xiaolin Luo Tao Tang +1 位作者 Le Wang Hongjie Liu 《High-Speed Railway》 2024年第3期143-152,共10页
The emerging virtual coupling technology aims to operate multiple train units in a Virtually Coupled Train Set(VCTS)at a minimal but safe distance.To guarantee collision avoidance,the safety distance should be calcula... The emerging virtual coupling technology aims to operate multiple train units in a Virtually Coupled Train Set(VCTS)at a minimal but safe distance.To guarantee collision avoidance,the safety distance should be calculated using the state-of-the-art space-time separation principle that separates the Emergency Braking(EB)trajectories of two successive units during the whole EB process.In this case,the minimal safety distance is usually numerically calculated without an analytic formulation.Thus,the constrained VCTS control problem is hard to address with space-time separation,which is still a gap in the existing literature.To solve this problem,we propose a Distributed Economic Model Predictive Control(DEMPC)approach with computation efficiency and theoretical guarantee.Specifically,to alleviate the computation burden,we transform implicit safety constraints into explicitly linear ones,such that the optimal control problem in DEMPC is a quadratic programming problem that can be solved efficiently.For theoretical analysis,sufficient conditions are derived to guarantee the recursive feasibility and stability of DEMPC,employing compatibility constraints,tube techniques and terminal ingredient tuning.Moreover,we extend our approach with globally optimal and distributed online EB configuration methods to shorten the minimal distance among VCTS.Finally,experimental results demonstrate the performance and advantages of the proposed approaches. 展开更多
关键词 Virtually coupled train set space-time separation Economic model predictive control Distributed model predictive control Emergency braking configuration
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REAL PALEY-WIENER THEOREMS FOR THE SPACE-TIME FOURIER TRANSFORM
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作者 Youssef EL HAOUI Mohra ZAYED 《Acta Mathematica Scientia》 SCIE CSCD 2023年第3期1105-1115,共11页
This paper presents an extension of certain forms of the real Paley-Wiener theorems to the Minkowski space-time algebra. Our emphasis is dedicated to determining the space-time valued functions whose space-time Fourie... This paper presents an extension of certain forms of the real Paley-Wiener theorems to the Minkowski space-time algebra. Our emphasis is dedicated to determining the space-time valued functions whose space-time Fourier transforms(SFT) have compact support using the partial derivatives operator and the Dirac operator of higher order. 展开更多
关键词 Paley-Wiener theorem Minkowski algebra space-time algebra space-time Fourier transform
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Space-time correlations of passive scalar in Kraichnan model
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作者 Ping-Fan Yang Liubin Pan Guowei He 《Theoretical & Applied Mechanics Letters》 CSCD 2023年第5期338-340,共3页
We consider the two-point,two-time(space-time)correlation of passive scalar R(r,τ)in the Kraichnan model under the assumption of homogeneity and isotropy.Using the fine-gird PDF method,we find that R(r,τ)satisfies a... We consider the two-point,two-time(space-time)correlation of passive scalar R(r,τ)in the Kraichnan model under the assumption of homogeneity and isotropy.Using the fine-gird PDF method,we find that R(r,τ)satisfies a diffusion equation with constant diffusion coefficient determined by velocity variance and molecular diffusion.Itssolution can be expressed in terms of the two-point,one time correlation of passive scalar,i.e.,R(r,0).Moreover,the decorrelation o R(k,τ),which is the Fourier transform of R(r,τ),is determined byR(k,0)and a diffusion kernal. 展开更多
关键词 space-time correlation Passive scalar Kraichnan model
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Coulomb Force, Charge, and Electric Properties under Collision Space-Time
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作者 Espen Gaarder Haug 《Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics》 2023年第3期686-704,共19页
We have recently published a series of papers on a theory we call collision space-time, that seems to unify gravity and quantum mechanics. In this theory, mass and energy are redefined. We have not so far demonstrated... We have recently published a series of papers on a theory we call collision space-time, that seems to unify gravity and quantum mechanics. In this theory, mass and energy are redefined. We have not so far demonstrated how to make it compatible with electric properties such as charge and the Coulomb force. The aim of this paper is to show how electric properties can be reformulated to make it consistent with collision space-time. It is shown that we need to incorporate the Planck scale into the electric constants to do so. This is also fully possible from a practical point of view, as it has recently been shown how to measure the Planck length independent of other constants and without the need for dimensional analysis. 展开更多
关键词 Coulomb’s Law Elementary Charge Planck Charge Electric Units Collision space-time
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基于Non stationary-CNN-Transformer的海浪有效波高预测
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作者 魏双 安毅 +2 位作者 余向军 吴琳 孙庆宇 《太阳能学报》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第10期673-682,共10页
针对海浪有效波高序列波动性、随机性较强,难以精确预测以及模型无法高效挖掘深层特征间关系的问题,提出一种基于Non stationary-CNN-Transformer模型的海浪有效波高预测方法。首先,使用平稳化模块减弱海浪时序数据的非平稳性;其次,利... 针对海浪有效波高序列波动性、随机性较强,难以精确预测以及模型无法高效挖掘深层特征间关系的问题,提出一种基于Non stationary-CNN-Transformer模型的海浪有效波高预测方法。首先,使用平稳化模块减弱海浪时序数据的非平稳性;其次,利用一维卷积神经网络(CNN)提取相关数据间的深层特征并构建特征向量;最后,使用含有平稳性注意力的Transformer描述波高序列的时间依赖性捕捉到序列之间的全局关系,通过逆归一化处理后获得有效波高预测结果。该方法可消除海浪时序数据的非平稳性,提升数据的预测效果,并具有优异的特征提取能力且善于处理大规模时间序列数据。在实验中应用澳大利亚的浮标实测数据,通过7组对比实验分别预测0.5、3、6、12和24 h的有效波高,对所提模型进行全方位、多角度的验证。算例研究结果表明,该文所提模型在不同时间段精度有明显提升。 展开更多
关键词 海洋能 时间序列 海浪 波高预测 非平稳CNN-Transformer 非平稳Transformer
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Microstructure and mechanical properties of stationary shoulder friction stir welding joint of 2A14-T62 aluminum alloy
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作者 邓建峰 王博 +3 位作者 王生希 郭伟强 黄智恒 费文潘 《China Welding》 CAS 2024年第2期31-38,共8页
2A14-T62 butt joint was successfully welded by stationary shoulder friction stir welding(SSFSW)method.The results showed that using a pin with small shoulder could broaden the process window,and under a rotation speed... 2A14-T62 butt joint was successfully welded by stationary shoulder friction stir welding(SSFSW)method.The results showed that using a pin with small shoulder could broaden the process window,and under a rotation speed of 2000 r/min and welding speed of 30 mm/min,joint with smooth surface,small reduction in thickness and little inner defects was obtained.The weld nugget zone was approx-imately circular,which was a unique morphology for SSFSW.The heat-affected zone(HAZ)and thermo-mechanically affected zone(TMAZ)were both quite narrow due to the lower heat input and slight mechanical action of the stationary shoulder.The fraction of high angle grain boundaries(HAGBs)exhibited a“W”shape along horizontal direction(from advancing side to retreating side),and the minim-um value located at HAZ.The average ultimate tensile strength and elongation of the joint were 325 MPa and 4.5%,respectively,with the joint efficiency of 68.3%.The joint was ductile fractured and the fracture surface contained two types of dimples morphology in different re-gions of the joint.Microhardness distribution in the joint exhibited a“W”shape,and the difference along the thickness direction was negli-gible.The joint had strong stress corrosion cracking susceptibility,and the slow stain rate tensile strength was 139 MPa.Microcrack and Al2O3 particulates were observed at the fracture surface. 展开更多
关键词 2A14-T62 aluminum alloy stationary shoulder friction stir welding microstructure mechanical property stress corrosion cracking
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Scalable transcoding for video transmission over space-time OFDM systems 被引量:2
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作者 钱团结 孙军 +2 位作者 解蓉 苏鹏程 王嘉 《Journal of Southeast University(English Edition)》 EI CAS 2005年第4期405-410,共6页
A new scheme combining a scalable transcoder with space time block codes (STBC) for an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system is proposed for robust video transmission in dispersive fading channe... A new scheme combining a scalable transcoder with space time block codes (STBC) for an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system is proposed for robust video transmission in dispersive fading channels. The target application for such a scalable transcoder is to provide successful access to the pre-encoded high quality video MPEG-2 from mobile wireless terminals. In the scalable transcoder, besides outputting the MPEG-4 fine granular scalability (FGS) bitstream, both the size of video frames and the bit rate are reduced. And an array processing algorithm of layer interference suppression is used at the receiver which makes the system structure provide different levels of protection to different layers. Furthermore, by considering the important level of scalable bitstream, the different bitstreams can be given different level protection by the system structure and channel coding. With the proposed system, the concurrent large diversity gain characteristic of STBC and alleviation of the frequency-selective fading effect of OFDM can be achieved. The simulation results show that the proposed schemes integrating scalable transcoding can provide a basic quality of video transmission and outperform the conventional single layer transcoding transmitted under the random and bursty error channel conditions. 展开更多
关键词 scalable transcoding DOWN-SAMPLING space-time codes orthogonal frequency division multiplexing
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EM-based detection scheme for differential unitary space-time modulation
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作者 杜正锋 陈杰 +1 位作者 潘文 高西奇 《Journal of Southeast University(English Edition)》 EI CAS 2007年第4期484-488,共5页
The performance loss of an approximately 3 dB signal-to-noise ratio is always paid with conventional differential detection compared to the related coherent detection. A new detection scheme consisting of two steps is... The performance loss of an approximately 3 dB signal-to-noise ratio is always paid with conventional differential detection compared to the related coherent detection. A new detection scheme consisting of two steps is proposed for the differential unitary space-time modulation (DUSTM) system. In the first step, the data sequence is estimated by conventional unitary space-time demodulation (DUSTD) and differentially encoded again to produce an initial estimate of the transmitted symbol stream. In the second step, the initial estimate of the symbol stream is utilized to initialize an expectation maximization (EM)-based iterative detector. In each iteration, the most recent detected symbol stream is employed to estimate the channel, which is then used to implement coherent sequence detection to refine the symbol stream. Simulation results show that the proposed detection scheme performs much better than the conventional DUSTD after several iterations. 展开更多
关键词 unitary space-time modulation differential detection expectation maximization (EM) algorithm
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基于space-time的二叉树表示动态环境中的路径规划
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作者 唐平 何卓华 杨宜民 《计算机工程》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2002年第5期59-60,74,共3页
研究具有空间和时间的三维动态环境下的机器人路径规划分析了四叉树表示二维空间的搜索算法,在此基础上,提出采space-time,用二叉树表示二维空间的方法时间信息中增加加速度利用二叉树遍历方法和算法设计一个在动态障碍物环境下进行路... 研究具有空间和时间的三维动态环境下的机器人路径规划分析了四叉树表示二维空间的搜索算法,在此基础上,提出采space-time,用二叉树表示二维空间的方法时间信息中增加加速度利用二叉树遍历方法和算法设计一个在动态障碍物环境下进行路径规划的新算法并,,A*,,在足球机器人系统中进行仿真,实现了较好的路径规划。 展开更多
关键词 移动机器人 数据结构 space-time 二叉树 动态环境 路径规划
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Design of super-orthogonal space-time trellis codes based on trace criterion
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作者 耿嘉 曹秀英 《Journal of Southeast University(English Edition)》 EI CAS 2006年第4期456-460,共5页
A design of super-orthogonal space-time trellis codes (SOSTTCs) based on the trace criterion (TC) is proposed for improving the design of SOSTTCs. The shortcomings of the rank and determinant criteria based design... A design of super-orthogonal space-time trellis codes (SOSTTCs) based on the trace criterion (TC) is proposed for improving the design of SOSTTCs. The shortcomings of the rank and determinant criteria based design and the advantages of the TC-based design are analyzed. The optimization principle of four factors is presented, which includes the space-time block coding (STBC) scheme, set partitioning, trellis structure, and the assignment of signal subsets and STBC schemes in the trellis. According to this principle, systematical and handcrafted design steps are given in detail. By constellation expansion, the code performance can be further improved. The code design results are given, and the new codes outperform others in the simulation. 展开更多
关键词 super-orthogonal space-time trellis codes trace criterion handcrafted and systematical design
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Method of combining space-time block coding with adaptive beamforming
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作者 沈克勤 《Journal of Southeast University(English Edition)》 EI CAS 2005年第3期254-259,共6页
A method of space-time block coding (STBC) system based on adaptive beamforming of cyclostationarity signal algorithm is proposed.The method uses cyclostationarity of signals to achieve adaptive beamforming,then con... A method of space-time block coding (STBC) system based on adaptive beamforming of cyclostationarity signal algorithm is proposed.The method uses cyclostationarity of signals to achieve adaptive beamforming,then constructs a pair of low correlated transmit beams based on beamform estimation of multiple component signals of uplink.Using these two selected transmit beams,signals encoded by STBC are transmitted to achieve diversity gain and beamforming gain at the same time,and increase the signal to noise ratio (SNR) of downlink.With simple computation and fast convergence performance,the proposed scheme is applicable for time division multiple access (TDMA) wireless communication operated in a complex interference environment.Simulation results show that the proposed scheme has better performance than conventional STBC,and can obtain a gain of about 5 dB when the bit error ratio (BER) is 10-4. 展开更多
关键词 space-time coding GAIN adaptive beamforming cyclostationary signal transmit diversity
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ON MARKOV CHAINS IN SPACE-TIME RANDOM ENVIRONMENTS 被引量:7
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作者 胡迪鹤 胡晓予 《Acta Mathematica Scientia》 SCIE CSCD 2009年第1期1-10,共10页
In Section 1, the authors establish the models of two kinds of Markov chains in space-time random environments (MCSTRE and MCSTRE(+)) with abstract state space. In Section 2, the authors construct a MCSTRE and a MCSTR... In Section 1, the authors establish the models of two kinds of Markov chains in space-time random environments (MCSTRE and MCSTRE(+)) with abstract state space. In Section 2, the authors construct a MCSTRE and a MCSTRE(+) by an initial distribution Φ and a random Markov kernel (RMK) p(γ). In Section 3, the authors es-tablish several equivalence theorems on MCSTRE and MCSTRE(+). Finally, the authors give two very important examples of MCMSTRE, the random walk in spce-time random environment and the Markov br... 展开更多
关键词 Random Markov kernel Markov chain in space-time random environemnt random walk in space-time random environment Markov branching chain in space-time random environment
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On analyzing space-time distribution of evaporation duct height over the global ocean 被引量:7
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作者 YANG Kunde ZHANG Qi +3 位作者 SHI Yang HE Zhengyao LEI Bo HAN Yina 《Acta Oceanologica Sinica》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2016年第7期20-29,共10页
The statistical features of the evaporation duct over the global ocean were comprehensively investigated with reanalysis data sets from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction. These data sets have time and ... The statistical features of the evaporation duct over the global ocean were comprehensively investigated with reanalysis data sets from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction. These data sets have time and spatial resolutions of 1 h and 0.313°x0.312°, respectively. The efficiency of the analysis was evaluated by processing weather buoy data from the Pacific Ocean and measuring propagation loss in the Yellow Sea of China. The distribution features of evaporation duct height (EDH) and the related meteorological factors for different seas were analyzed. The global EDH is generally high and demonstrates a latitudinal distribution for oceans at low latitudes. The average EDH is approximately 11 m over oceans beside the equator with a latitude of less than 20°. The reasons for the formation of the global EDH features were also analyzed for different sea areas. 展开更多
关键词 evaporation duct reanalysis data electromagnetic wave space-time distributions
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Performance Evaluation of Space-Time Spreading and Orthogonal Transmit Diversity
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作者 邬钢 许昌龙 +1 位作者 王海峰 程时昕 《Journal of Southeast University(English Edition)》 EI CAS 2002年第1期6-12,共7页
Space-time spreading (STS) and orthogonal transmit diversity (OTD) are towtransmit diversity schemes proposed by cdma2000 standard. In this paper, performance comparisonanalysis of the two transmits diversity schemes ... Space-time spreading (STS) and orthogonal transmit diversity (OTD) are towtransmit diversity schemes proposed by cdma2000 standard. In this paper, performance comparisonanalysis of the two transmits diversity schemes in multipath channel under multiuser situation arecarried out. Link level simulation in forward link cdma2000 is performed in IMT-2000 channel.Performance analysis and simulation results show that the performance improvement provided STS overOTD decreases as the increase of propagation path number and decrease of the user number. 展开更多
关键词 space-time spreading orthogonal transmit diversity CDMA2000
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Functional Integrals and Quantum Fluctuations on Two-Dimensional Noncommutative Space-Time 被引量:5
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作者 YAN Jun 《Communications in Theoretical Physics》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2009年第9期445-448,共4页
The generalized Thirring model with impurity coupling is defined on two-dimensional noncommutativespace-time,a modified propagator and free energy are derived by means of functional integrals method.Moreover,quantum f... The generalized Thirring model with impurity coupling is defined on two-dimensional noncommutativespace-time,a modified propagator and free energy are derived by means of functional integrals method.Moreover,quantum fluctuations and excitation energies are calculated on two-dimensional black hole and soliton background. 展开更多
关键词 functional integrals quantum fluctuations noncommutative space-time
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Chip-level space-time equalization receiver scheme for MIMO HSDPA systems
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作者 周志刚 程时昕 陈明 《Journal of Southeast University(English Edition)》 EI CAS 2004年第2期135-138,共4页
A chip-level space-time equalization receiver scheme is proposed for multiple-input multiple-output high-speed downlink packet access (MIMO HSDPA) systems to jointly combat the co-channel interference and the inter-co... A chip-level space-time equalization receiver scheme is proposed for multiple-input multiple-output high-speed downlink packet access (MIMO HSDPA) systems to jointly combat the co-channel interference and the inter-code interference. A fractional sample equalizer is also derived to further improve the performance of the receiver. Performance analysis and the calculation of the output signal to interference ratio (SINR) at each receiver antenna are presented to help direct the design of equalization weight in a more optimal manner. System simulations demonstrate the significant performance gain over conventional Rake receiver and high potential of MIMO HSDPA for high-data-rate packet transmission. 展开更多
关键词 multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) CHIP-LEVEL interference minimum mean square error (MMSE) weight space-time equalization
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LES prediction of space-time correlations in turbulent shear flows 被引量:4
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作者 Li Guo Dong Li +1 位作者 Xing Zhang Guo-Wei He 《Acta Mechanica Sinica》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2012年第4期993-998,共6页
We compare the space-time correlations calculated from direct numerical simulation (DNS) and large-eddy simulation (LES) of turbulent channel flows. It is found from the comparisons that the LES with an eddy-visco... We compare the space-time correlations calculated from direct numerical simulation (DNS) and large-eddy simulation (LES) of turbulent channel flows. It is found from the comparisons that the LES with an eddy-viscosity subgrid scale (SGS) model over-predicts the space-time corre- lations than the DNS. The overpredictions are further quantified by the integral scales of directional correlations and convection velocities. A physical argument for the overpre- diction is provided that the eddy-viscosity SGS model alone does not includes the backscatter effects although it correctly represents the energy dissipations of SGS motions. This argument is confirmed by the recently developed elliptic model for space-time correlations in turbulent shear flows. It suggests that enstrophy is crucial to the LES prediction of spacetime correlations. The random forcing models and stochastic SGS models are proposed to overcome the overpredictions on space-time correlations. 展开更多
关键词 Large-eddy simulation Subgrid scale model space-time correlation Turbulent shear flows
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