Exploring the Synergy: Experimental and Theoretical Investigation of Steel and Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) Reinforced Slab Incorporating Alccofine and M-Sand

Introduction: This study investigates the Experimental and Theoretical Investigation of Steel and Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) Reinforced Slab Incorporating Alccofine and M-sand. Objective: Specific objectives include evaluating the mechanical properties and structural behaviour of steel and GFRP-reinforced one-way slabs and comparing experimental and theoretical predictions. Methods: Four different mix proportions were arrived at, comprising both conventional concrete and Alccofine-based concrete. In each formulation, a combination of normal river sand and M-sand was utilized. Results: Concrete with Alccofine exhibits superior mechanical properties, while M-sand incorporation minimally affects strength but reduces reliance on natural sand. GFRP-reinforced slabs display distinct brittle behaviour with significant deflections post-cracking, contrasting steel-reinforced slabs’ gradual, ductile failure. Discrepancies between experimental data and design recommendations underscore the need for guideline refinement. Conclusion: Alccofine and M-sand enhance concrete properties, but reinforcement type significantly influences slab behaviour. GFRP-reinforced slabs, though exhibiting lower values than steel, offer advantages in harsh environments, warranting further optimization.

Toughness of Polymer Modified Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete

An experimental investigation is carried out to study the toughness of polymer modified steel fiber reinforced concrete. Volume fraction of steel fibers is varied from 0% to 7% at the interval of 1% by weight of cement. 15% SBR latex polymer was used by weight of cement. Cubes of size 150 × 150 × 150 mm for compressive strength, prism specimens of size 150 mm × 150 mm × 700 mm for flexure strength and, specimen of size 150 × 150 × 150 mm with 16 mm diameter tor steel bar of length 650 mm embedded in concrete cube at the center for bond test were prepared. Various specimens were tested after 28 days of curing. Area under curve (toughness) is measured and mentioned in this work.

Microstructure of Steel Fiber Reinforced Polymer-cement-based Composites

Mercury intrusion porosimetry was used to measure the pore structure of steel fiber reinforced polymer-cement-based composite. The results indicate that the large pore volume decreases by 57. 8% - 51.2% and by 87. 1% - 88% with the addition of steel fibers and polymers respectively. When both steel fibers and polymers are simultaneously added, the large pore volume decreases by 88.3% - 90.1% . As a surface active material , polymer has a favorable water-reduced and forming-film effect, which is contributed to the decrease of the thickness of water film and the improvement of the conglutination between the fibers and the matrix. Polymers could form a microstructure network. This network structure and the bone structure of cement hydration products penetrate each other and thus the interpenetrating network with sticky aggregate and steel fiber inside forms.

Axial Bearing Capacity of Short FRP Confined Concrete-filled Steel Tubular Columns

The bearing capacity of FRP confined concrete-filled steel tubular （FRP-CFST） columns under axial compression was investigated. This new type of composite column is a concrete-filled steel tube （CFST） confined with fiber-reinforced polymer （FRP） wraps. Totally 11 short column specimens were tested to failure under axial compression. The influences of the type and quantity of FRP, the thickness of steel tube and the concrete strength were studied. It was found that the bearing capacity of short FRP-CFST column was much higher than that of comparable CFST column. Furthermore, the formulas for calculating the bearing capacity of the FRP-CFST columns are proposed. The analytical calculated results agree well with the experimental results.

Seismic behavior of large-scale FRP–recycled aggregate concrete–steel columns with shear connectors

The application of fi ber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites for the development of high-performance composite structural systems has received signifi cant recent research attention. A composite of FRP–recycled aggregate concrete (RAC)–steel column (FRSC), consisting of an outer FRP tube, an inner steel tube and annular RAC fi lled between two tubes, is proposed herein to facilitate green disposal of demolished concrete and to improve the ductility of concrete columns for earthquake resistance. To better understand the seismic behavior of FRSCs, quasi-static tests of large-scale basalt FRSCs with shear connectors were conducted. The infl uence of the recycled coarse aggregate (RCA) replacement percentage, shear connectors and axial loading method on the lateral load and deformation capacity, energy dissipation and cumulative damage were analyzed to evaluate the seismic behavior of FRSCs. The test results show that FRSCs have good seismic behavior, which was evidenced by high lateral loads, excellent ductility and energy dissipation capacity, indicating RAC is applicable in FRSCs. Shear connectors can signifi cantly postpone the steel buckling and increase the lateral loads of FRSCs, but weaken the deformation capacity and energy dissipation performance.

Punching and Local Damages of Fiber and FRP Reinforced Concrete under Low-Velocity Impact Load

In recent years, the development and application of high performance fiber reinforced concrete or cementitious composites are increasing due to their high ductility and energy absorption characteristics. However, it is difficult to obtain the required properties of the FRCC by simply adding fiber to the concrete matrix. Many researchers are paying attention to fiber reinforced polymers (FRP) for the reinforcement of construction structures because of their significant advantages over high strain rates. However, the actual FRP products are skill-dependent, and the quality may not be uniform. Therefore, in this study, two-way punching tests were carried out to evaluate the performances of FRP strengthened and steel and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fiber reinforced concrete specimens for impact and static loads. The FRP reinforced normal concrete (NC), steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC), and PVA FRCC specimens showed twice the amount of enhanced dissipated energy (total energy) under impact loadings than the non-retrofitted specimens. In the low-velocity impact test of the two-way NC specimens strengthened by FRPs, the total dissipated energy increased by 4 to 5 times greater than the plain NC series. For the two-way specimens, the total energy increased by 217% between the non-retrofitted SFRC and NC specimens. The total dissipated energy of the CFRP retrofitted SFRC was twice greater than that of the plain SFRC series. The PVA FRCC specimens showed 4 times greater dissipated energy than for the energy of the plain NC specimens. For the penetration of two-way specimens with fibers, the Hughes formula considering the tensile strength of concrete was a better predictor than other empirical formulae.

BFRP筋回收轮胎钢纤维混凝土黏结性能分析

对玄武岩纤维增强复合材料(BFRP)筋在回收轮胎钢纤维(RTSF)混凝土中的黏结性能进行了试验和分析研究.对不同RTSF体积掺量、BFRP筋直径和嵌入长度的试件进行了拉拔试验,研究其对黏结破坏模式、黏结滑移响应和黏结强度的影响,并提出了BFRP筋RTSF混凝土的黏结滑移理论模型.结果表明:BFRP筋RTSF混凝土黏结破坏类型包括拔出破坏、劈裂破坏以及拔出且劈裂破坏;BFRP筋直径对黏结破坏模式无显著影响,而RTSF体积掺量、BFRP筋直径和嵌入长度均对黏结强度有较大影响,且RTSF体积掺量与极限黏结强度呈正相关,BFRP筋直径和嵌入长度对其影响与之相反;当RTSF体积掺量从0增大至1.5%时,其极限黏结强度最大可提高约23.87%.与已有模型相比,所提出的黏结滑移理论模型对BFRP筋RTSF混凝土的黏结滑移曲线具有更高的拟合精度.

CFRP-不锈钢夹层管混凝土柱轴压试验及承载力计算方法

为了提升薄壁不锈钢结构的承载性能和耐久性,在不锈钢管内外壁粘贴碳纤维增强复合材料(Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polymer,CFRP)复合约束海水海砂混凝土,制得一种CFRP-不锈钢夹层管海水海砂混凝土结构。以CFRP粘贴层数和方式为变化参数,对18个短柱试件进行了单调轴心受压试验,观察了试件的受力破坏过程及形态,获取了荷载-位移曲线和材料应变分布数据,分析了试件轴压力学性能的变化规律。结果表明:内外贴CFRP能有效地提高结构的承载能力和变形能力;无CFRP和内贴CFRP试件的破坏形态均为剪切破坏,但破坏形态会随着外贴CFRP层数的增加向腰鼓破坏转变;在相同粘贴方式下,试件的承载能力、变形能力和耗能能力随着CFRP层数的增加呈非线性提高;在相同粘贴层数下,内贴CFRP的力学性能提升效果优于外贴CFRP,粘贴1层和2层CFRP时,内贴试件的极限承载力相较于外贴试件能再提高5.6%和6.7%,同时内贴1层CFRP的试件的耗能能力与外贴2层CFRP的相当;应变分析显示,在试件破坏前,CFRP与不锈钢协同工作良好。文中最后基于极限平衡法,考虑不锈钢的应变硬化效应,提出了CFRP-不锈钢夹层管混凝土柱极限轴压承载力的计算公式,并收集了73个样本的数据进行验证,发现计算值与试验值较为吻合。

装配式钢纤维混凝土节点抗震性能研究

为提高装配式混凝土节点抗震性能,在装配式梁柱节点核心区后浇混凝土中掺入钢纤维,结合ANSYS有限元软件,建立某装配式梁柱节点精细有限元模型,与试验结果对比验证有限元分析的可靠性。采用细观均匀化方法确定钢纤维混凝土非局部增强塑性损伤微平面模型的参数取值,研究钢纤维体积掺量等因素对节点力学性能的影响,并将钢纤维混凝土节点应用于装配式框架结构,基于OpenSEES平台进行动力时程分析,考察对结构整体抗震性能的改善作用。结果表明:在核心区掺入钢纤维,可提高节点的承载力和延性,提高幅度分别为4.14%~10.52%和2.94%~34.55%。在结构底部节点区增加钢纤维,可减小结构的层间位移、层间位移角和基底剪力,改善装配式框架结构的抗震性能;当钢纤维掺量较高时,对结构整体抗震性能改善不明显。

多元算法融合模型的CFRP约束型钢混凝土柱承载力预测

为准确预测多影响因素下碳纤维增强复合材料(CFRP)约束型钢混凝土柱(SRCC)的轴压承载力,提出了一种基于随机森林(RF)、分类提升(Catboost)、极端梯度提升(XGBoost)、梯度提升回归树(GBRT)的多元算法融合预测模型。首先采用合成少数类过采样技术(SMOTE)算法对原始数据集进行扩充,开展了10种传统机器学习和集成学习模型试验,筛选出决定系数R2均大于0.92的RF、Catboost、XGBoost、GBRT的4种集成学习模型,用随机搜索优化其超参数,然后融合形成了RF-Catboost-XGBoost-GBRT预测模型,对CFRP约束SRCC的承载力进行预测。结果表明,两种数据集下RF-Catboost-XGBoost-GBRT模型的预测性能最好,原始数据集经SMOTE算法处理后,5种预测模型R2平均提高20.43%,其中RF-Catboost-XGBoost-GBRT模型的R2达到了0.942,预测值误差均在±10%以内。

侵彻爆炸作用下钢纤维混凝土结构的破坏模式

基于大口径发射平台进行了155 mm杀伤爆破榴弹毁伤钢纤维混凝土结构的试验,得到了打击不同位置时结构的破坏情况;结合LS-DYNA数值模拟,分析了不同打击位置和不同命中速度下钢纤维混凝土结构的毁伤效应,讨论了侵彻与爆炸联合作用下钢纤维混凝土结构的损伤过程和破坏模式。结果表明:钢纤维混凝土结构在155 mm榴弹作用下,配置钢筋的顶板和侧墙发生较轻的爆炸成坑破坏,无配筋的前墙发生严重的爆炸震塌破坏。SPG(smooth particle Galerkin method)-结构化ALE(arbitrary Lagrange-Euler)(S-ALE)流固耦合算法能够有效预测钢筋混凝土结构在侵彻和爆炸共同作用下的损伤发展过程和破坏模式。大口径弹体侵彻有限边界靶的加速度时程曲线特征为突增骤减单峰值形式,弹体速度呈现先快速降低后缓慢减小的特征;靶标在基于侵彻损伤的爆炸作用下,主要破坏模式为混凝土块大量崩塌和裂缝的生长,且随着侵彻速度的增加,爆炸造成的毁伤由局部破坏向结构整体破坏发展;混凝土破碎区内,垂直于弹体的钢筋在侵彻作用下达到屈服,板顶和板底的钢筋在爆炸后达到屈服。

FRP增强海水海砂混凝土结构研究进展

结合轻质高强耐腐蚀的纤维增强复合材料(FRP)与海水海砂制备FRP增强海水海砂混凝土结构是近年来的研究热点。使用FRP材料替代钢材可以使得海水海砂可以未经淡化直接用于结构当中。利用海水海砂代替淡水河砂是解决淡水河砂资源匮乏、河砂开采导致河床生态问题的重要途径,对于海洋工程建设还能就地取材,降低淡水河砂的运输成本,对我国海洋强度战略具有重大意义。通过对国内外已有的FRP增强海水海砂混凝土结构研究现状进行分析,总结介绍了海水海砂混凝土以及FRP增强聚合物两种材料特性和新型FRP增强海水海砂混凝土结构形式。综述了FRP筋截面面积、配筋率、箍筋间距等因素对FRP增强海水海砂混凝土结构的力学性能影响规律。分析了目前海工混凝土结构所存在的问题,并提出了海工混凝土结构研究建议以及展望,为今后海工结构的研究提供参考。

FRP-混凝土-钢双壁空心柱的抗爆性能分析

纤维增强复合材料(fiber reinforced polymer,FRP)-混凝土-钢双壁空心柱是一种新型混凝土组合柱,由外层FRP管、内层钢管及两管间填充的混凝土组成。针对FRP-混凝土-钢双壁空心柱在近场爆炸荷载下的抗爆性能进行了数值模拟。采用任意拉格朗日欧拉法(arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian,ALE)进行建模,并基于已有的试验结果验证所建模型的准确性。利用验证后的数值模型,对爆炸冲击波传递过程、混凝土损伤发展、FRP管环向应变、爆炸后剩余力学性能以及参数进行了分析。结果表明,FRP管能有效约束爆炸区域内的夹层混凝土;爆炸后双壁空心柱的轴向承载力明显减小、轴向刚度明显下降;通过增加FRP管、钢管厚度,以及减小空心率能提高双壁空心柱的抗爆性能,其中前两项的影响更为显著。

无筋钢纤维混凝土管片正截面结构设计方法

为完善无筋钢纤维混凝土管片的设计方法,加速其在城市轨道交通中的应用,提出一种新的无筋钢纤维混凝土管片正截面结构设计方法。根据已有对钢纤维混凝土本构关系的研究成果,依据地铁管片的受力特点,分析了影响地铁管片正截面承载力的主要因素。依据无筋钢纤维混凝土管片极限拉应变与钢筋混凝土的极限拉应变不在一个数量级上的差异,结合现行混凝土规范,采用平面假设,把应力和应变作为无筋钢纤维混凝土管片设计的特征值;用钢纤维混凝土应变的取值范围对应不同的设计工况,将不同工况下的无筋钢纤维混凝土管片的设计验算结果归结到同一张应力应变图中。论述了采用轴力-弯矩包络图进行正截面设计验算的主要流程,并通过一个工程实例展示不同工况下无筋钢纤维混凝土轴力-弯矩包络图的相互关系。计算结果表明:在正常使用极限状态下,强度是影响承载能力的主要因素;而承载能力极限状态下,特别是偶然荷载作用下,无筋钢纤维混凝土的韧性是影响承载能力的主要因素。

纤维增强复合材料(FRP)配筋混凝土结构研究综述

新型建材纤维增强复合材料(FRP)具有高抗拉强度、低密度和耐腐蚀性能优良等特性,是一种具有巨大潜力的工程材料。如今,传统的钢筋混凝土结构面临钢筋易锈蚀的问题,给社会造成了较大的经济损失,维护和修复成本高昂。通过在特定环境中将钢筋替换为FRP筋,不仅能够有效解决钢筋混凝土结构的耐久性问题,而且能够进一步优化其工作性能,延长使用寿命,降低维护成本。首先简述了FRP筋混凝土结构的国内外研究进展,随后对FRP筋、FRP筋混凝土及预应力FRP筋混凝土结构的特性进行了阐述,最后对FRP筋混凝土结构的重要发展问题进行了总结,并对其未来的发展前景进行了展望。

铣削钢纤维在盾构隧洞内衬混凝土结构防裂中的试验研究

盾构隧洞内衬混凝土结构在温度应力和内外水压等复杂荷载作用下易出现开裂现象,影响隧洞结构安全和工程耐久性,为提高盾构隧洞内衬混凝土结构的抗裂性能,研究了掺入钢锭铣削钢纤维、粉煤灰、磨细矿粉材料改进高强泵送混凝土性能的关键技术问题,结果表明,钢锭铣削钢纤维、粉煤灰、磨细矿粉的合理掺入,对混凝土抗压强度、和易性、可泵性影响甚微,但其抗裂性能显著提高,为有效解决薄壁高强泵送混凝土结构的裂缝问题提供了可行的技术路径,研究成果可为类似结构的设计和施工提供借鉴。

Experimental study and analysis on fatigue stiffness of RC beams strengthened with CFRP and steel plate

The objective of this work is to investigate the fatigue behavior of reinforced concrete(RC) beams strengthened with externally bonded carbon fiber reinforced polymer(CFRP) and steel plate. An experimental investigation and theoretical analysis were made on the law of deflection development and stiffness degradation, as well as the influence of fatigue load ranges. Test results indicate that the law of three-stage change under fatigue loading is followed by both midspan deflection and permanent deflection, which also have positive correlation with fatigue load amplitude. Fatigue stiffness of composite strengthened beams degrades gradually with the increasing of number of cycles. Based on the experimental results, a theoretical model by effective moment of inertia method is developed for calculating the sectional stiffness of such composite strengthened beams under fatigue loading, and the calculated results are in good agreement with the experimental results.

Mechanical behavior of concrete filled glass fiber reinforced polymer-steel tube under cyclic loading

The mechanical behavior of concrete-filled glass fiber reinforced polymer(GFRP)-steel tube structures under combined seismic loading is investigated in this study. Four same-sized specimens with different GFRP layout modes were tested by a quasi-static test system. Finite element analysis(FEA) was also undertaken and the results were presented. Results of the numerical simulation compared well with those from experimental tests. Parametric analysis was conducted by using the FE models to evaluate the effects of GFRP thickness, axial compression rate, and cross sectional steel ratio. The experimental and numerical results show that the technique of GFRP strengthening is effective in improving the seismic performance of traditional concrete-filled steel tubes, with variations related to different GFRP layout modes.

RESEARCH ON THE HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPOSITE ROAD CONCRETE

Ordinary concrete presents short service life when used for building and repairing high-grade road with heavy traffic due to its large brittleness, poor bending flexibility and serious shrinkage on drying. In this paper, a new kind of high performance concrete has been designed by means of combination of organic, inorganic material as well as metal material. The research and application have shown that this new concrete can significantly counteract the deficiency of ordinary concrete and give excellent mechanical properties and pavement performances. The application of this new kind of concrete is of great social and economic significance.

混杂合成粗纤维及钢纤维对盾构管片混凝土性能的影响

为提升盾构管片质量,优选合成粗纤维,将4种性能的高强合成粗纤维分别与钢纤维混杂制备盾构管片混凝土,研究其强度、抗渗性和收缩变形,并通过孔结构和电镜观测分析微观结构。结果表明,对比钢纤维混凝土,钢⁃合成粗纤维混凝土的56d劈裂抗拉强度提升32.7%,氯离子抗渗性提高37.3%,达到标准规定的良好水平。混杂合成粗纤维增强了混凝土限制收缩的能力,早龄期的收缩变形降低约23%。毛细水吸附系数有所增大,总孔隙率增大4.9%,且主要增加了孔径>30nm的大孔,无论钢纤维还是合成粗纤维,纤维混凝土过渡区均较致密,纤维与水泥黏结良好。