Forming of tubes and bars of alumina/LY12 composites by liquid extrusion process

Tube and bar products of aluminum alloy composites reinforced by alumina short fiber were formed in a single process with liquid extrusion technology. The microstructure verifies that the reinforcing effect is obvious in the deformation direction since fibers are distributed along this direction, which is resulted from the flow and crystallization under pressure of liquid metal and large plastic deformation of solidified metal in the process. The interface between fiber and matrix belongs to mechanical bonding. The fractograph demonstrates ductile mode. Liquid extrusion process opens up a new way for fabricating tube, bar and shaped products.

Study on time-varying seismic vulnerability and analysis of ECC-RC composite piers using high strength reinforcement bars in offshore environment

As the main seismic component of a bridge,seismic damage to the bridge pier has a greater effect on its subsequent service.In the offshore chloride environment,the issues(e.g.,reinforcement bar corrosion and attenuation of concrete strength)of piers caused by chloride ion seriously curtail the normal service life and deteriorate the anti-seismic property of bridge structures.The engineered cementitious composite(ECC)-reinforced concrete(RC)composite pier with high strength reinforcement bars(HSRB)is expected to solve the above problems.This study aims to clarify the time-varying seismic vulnerability(SV)of the HSRBECC-RC composite pier during its full life cycle(FLC).Based on OpenSees,the refined finite element analysis models of RC pier,ECC-RC composite pier,and HSRBECC-RC composite pier have been established.Moreover,using the nonlinear time-path dynamic analysis method,the influence of chloride ion erosion on the time-dependent seismic vulnerability(SV)of these different piers in different service life and different peak ground acceleration(PGA)were analyzed from a dynamic point of view.The research shows that the exceeding probability(EP)of the same damage level increases with the enhancement of service time and PGA and with the increase of destruction,the exceeding probability(EP)of slight damage(DL-1),moderate damage(DL-2),serious damage(DL-3),and complete collapse(DL-4)decreases in turn;the corrosion degree of chloride ion to piers is small during the early service period,the time-varying vulnerability curve of the bridge piers is almost the same as that of a new bridge,and during later service,as the extent of chloride ion corrosion deepens,exceeding probability(EP)under severe damage(DL-3)and complete collapse(DL-4)is increased,and the seismic performance is significantly enhanced.

SPATIAL HIERARCHY AND INTERFACIAL STRUCTURE IN INJECTION-MOLDED BARS OF POLYPROPYLENE-BASED BLENDS AND COMPOSITES

The hierarchical structure and interfacial morphology of injection-molded bars of polypropylene （PP） based blends and composites have been investigated in detail from the skin to the core. For preparation of injection-molded bars with high-level orientation and good interfacial adhesion, a dynamic packing injection molding technology was applied to exert oscillatory shear on the melts during solidification stage. Depending on incorporated component, interfacial adhesion and processing conditions, various oriented structure and morphology could be obtained. First, we will elucidate the epitaxial behavior between PP and high-density polyethylene occurring in practical molded processing. Then, the shear-induced transcrystalline structure will be the main focus for PP/fiber composites. At last, various oriented clay structures have been ascertained unambiguously in PP/organoclay nanocomposites along the thickness of molded bars.

TORSION OF COMPOSITE LAMINATED BARS WITH A LARGE NUMBER OF LAYERS

In view of rite effective elastic moduli theory([1]), analyzing the thick composite laminated bars subjected to an externally applied torque are presented by three-dimensional finite element (3-D FEM) and global-local method in this paper. Numerical results involving the distribution of shearing stresses olt cross-section and the torsional deformation and the interlaminar stresses near to free edges are given. If necessary elements discretization may be densely carried out only in the high stress gradient, region. Obviously, it requires less computer memory and computational time so that it offers an effective way for evaluating strength of laminated bars torsion with a greet number of layers.

In-plane Tensile Behaviors of Bi-axial Warp-Knitted Composites under Quasi-static and High Strain Rate Loading

The in-plane tensile behaviors of bi-axial warp-knitted(BWK) composites under quasi-static and high strain rates loading were experimentally analyzed in this article. The tensile tests were conducted along warp direction( 0°) and weft direction( 90°) at quasi-static rate of 0. 001 s^(-1) and high strain rates ranging from 1 450 to 2 540 s^(-1),respectively. It is found that the significant strain rate sensitivity can be observed in the stress-strain curves of BWK composites. The fracture morphologies of BWK composites demonstrate that the tensile failure modes are shear failure and fiber breakage under the quasi-static testing condition while interface failure and fibers pullout are at high strain rates.

Analysis of Adiabatic Shearing Failure Mechanism for Aluminum Matrix Composites Based on Experimental and Numerical Simulation

Adiabatic shear behavior and the corresponding mechanism of TiB2/Al composites were researched by split Hopkinson pressure bar （SHPB）.Results show that the flow stresses of the TiB2/Al composites exhibit softening tendency with the increasing of strain rates. All the composites fail in splitting and cutting with a 45 degree, and the phase transformed bands of molten aluminum are found on the adiabatic shear layers. The deformation behavior and shear localization of the TiB2/Al composites specimens were simulated by finite element code MSC.Marc. The Johnson-Cook model was used to describe the thermo-viscoplastic response of the specimen material. There was unanimous between the numerical result and the experimental result on the location of the adiabatic shear band. From the numerical simulation and experiment, it was concluded that the instantaneous failure of the composite was ascribed due to the local low strength area where the formation of adiabatic shear band was, and the stress condition had significant effect on the initiation and propagation of adiabatic shear band （ASB）.

Out-of-Plane Compressive Behavior for UHMWPE/Polyurethane Composites after Hygrothermal Treatment

Quasi-static and high strain rate compressive behaviors and failure mechanisms of hygrothermal treated ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene/polyurethane(UHMWPE/PU)composites have been studied in this paper.Firstly,the UHMWPE composites were immersed in water at 70℃.The out-ofplane compression test was then performed on the dry/wet state specimens at quasi-static states(0.001-0.01 s^(-1))and high strain rate states(800-2 400 s^(-1)).The split Hopkinson pressure bar(SHPB)was adopted in the dynamic tests and waveform shapers were used to smooth and control the incident pulse.The results show that there are two platforms for the water absorption curve of UHMWPE composites.The absorption of moisture reduces the quasi-static compressive strength of the material while initially increasing,then decreasing the dynamic compressive strength.Matrix plasticization,fiber/matrix interface degradation and void expansion are the main factors affecting the irregular change of static/dynamic compressive strength of UHMWPE composites.

Compressive Behaviour and Failure Mechanisms of GFRP Composite at High Strain Rates

Experimental investigations into the compressive behavior of glass fiber reinforced polymer(GFRP)composite at high strain rates were carried out using a split Hopkinson pressure bar(SHPB)setup.The GFRP laminates were made from E-glass fibers and epoxy resins by vacuum assisted compression molding machine.The results of the compressive tests indicated that the mechanical behavior of the GFRP composite depends highly on the strain rate.The compressive peak stress,toughness and Young's modulus of the GFRP composite increased with the increase of strain rate,while the strain level at the initial stages of damage was shortened with the increase of strain rate.In addition,the dynamic deformation behavior and failure process of the specimens were observed directly by using a high-speed camera.Following the experiments,the fracture morphologies and damage modes were examined by scanning electron microscopy(SEM)to explore the possible failure mechanisms of the specimens.The results showed that multiple failure mechanisms appeared,such as matrix crack,fiber-matrix debonding,fiber failure and shear fracture.

具有内阻的旋转锥形复合材料刀杆铣削过程稳定性的仿真分析

研究考虑材料内阻的旋转圆锥形复合材料刀杆铣削系统的再生颤振稳定性。基于复合材料粘弹性本构关系、Hamilton原理和Rayleigh梁理论,结合再生时滞铣削力模型,分别导出旋转坐标以及惯性坐标表示的颤振偏微分方程。采用Galerkin法对颤振偏微分方程进行离散化。基于自由振动分析和能量法计算复合材料刀杆的模态损耗因子;基于特征值分析技术计算旋转复合材料刀杆的临界速度和失稳阈。采用时域半离散法和频域零阶近似解法,预测切削系统的稳定性。分析锥度比、长径比、铺层角、铺层方式,以及内、外阻对切削稳定性的影响。计算结果表明,轴对称旋转刀杆铣削过程在两种坐标系下的稳定性预测结果是一致的。研究发现,在高转速下,由于旋转复合材料刀杆内阻的作用,切削系统出现新的不稳定区域。这些新的不稳定区域的起始转速等于旋转复合材料刀杆的失稳阈。

准噶尔盆地二叠系上乌尔禾组退覆式扇(辫状河)三角洲前缘-滩坝复合砂砾岩沉积特征及控制因素

近年来准噶尔盆地的油气勘探从源外常规圈闭逐渐走向源内岩性圈闭,二叠系上乌尔禾组是该盆地增储上产的主力层系,沉积体系展布对上乌尔禾组岩性油气藏分布具有控制作用。利用岩心数据、薄片资料等,并结合地震数据和钻测井资料,对准噶尔盆地二叠系上乌尔禾组的沉积相类型及沉积体系分布特征进行了识别和刻画,总结了大型退覆式扇(辫状河)三角洲-滩坝复合砂砾岩体的沉积模式,并分析了其控制因素。研究表明:(1)研究区发育扇三角洲、辫状河三角洲、滨浅湖滩坝等沉积相类型,扇三角洲平原亚相和扇三角洲前缘亚相主要发育在盆地西部,辫状河三角洲平原亚相和辫状河三角洲前缘亚相主要发育在盆地东部和北部,滩坝相叠置在扇三角洲和辫状河三角洲前缘之上或在其前端独立分布;(2)准噶尔盆地上乌尔禾组各段沉积体系是在整体湖侵的背景下发育的,乌一段沉积时期湖盆面积较小,沉积的砂体较厚,延伸距离近,靠近凹陷的中央;乌二段沉积时期物源持续供应,湖盆水体加深,湖盆面积增加,沉积砂体厚度薄,分布广;乌三段沉积时期湖侵作用增强,湖盆面积进一步扩大,湖盆内广泛发育湖泛泥岩;(3)扇三角洲与辫状河三角洲前缘在湖平面不断变化与湖浪的改造下,形成了扇(辫状河)三角洲前缘-滩坝复合砂砾岩体;(4)准噶尔盆地上乌尔禾组沉积时期,沉积体系的主要控制因素为气候、物源供给、湖平面变化和沉积时的古地形坡度和古地貌。该研究为上乌尔禾组油气勘探提供了地质依据。

长材轧机热轧钢筋类产品生产概述

结合国家标准对长材轧机热轧钢筋类产品的生产工艺、产品特点等进行解读,并介绍高强螺纹钢筋的几种生产工艺。可供工程技术人员、产品用户等理解各类热轧钢筋的生产工艺、产品特点等。

强度比对类复合岩样冲击破碎特征的影响

为了保证复合地层中施工效率及工程安全,揭示动荷载作用下复合岩层的力学特征,通过分离式霍普金森压杆对三种不同强度比的类复合岩样进行动态巴西劈裂试验,基于破碎分形理论,探究强度比、应变率、入射角对类复合岩样的破碎程度及能耗特性的影响。试验结果表明:层理面倾角对类复合岩样破碎形态有较大影响,当应变率为146.36 s^(-1)时,沿层理面加载试样易发生劈裂拉伸破坏,且强度比越低试样破坏所需吸收的能量越少;当入射角为0°时,类复合岩样分形维数随着强度比的增大而增大,但当入射角为90°时强度比为1.5的复合岩样分形维数最大;类复合岩样吸收的能量主要用于裂纹扩展,单位体积内试样吸收的能量越大,试样越破碎,即类复合岩样分形维数与能耗密度呈正相关。

后植筋组合梁锚固法静载荷试验技术研究

以山西首例素混凝土桩后植筋组合梁锚固法静载荷试验为背景,介绍了后植筋组合梁锚固法静载荷试验基本原理、检测工序等,着重阐述了其计算方法和技术要点。对检测方案的设计计算、控制因素和检测结果进行了分析总结,为今后该方法在本地区的应用提供参考,同时也为该检测方法在本地区的推广提供依据。

新型波形钢腹板组合箱梁桥动力性能分析

对一种新型波形钢腹板组合箱梁桥结构开展了动力特性及抗震性能分析;以鄄城黄河大桥跨中箱梁段为例,建立组合箱梁桥的多尺度有限元模型,并与实测值进行了对比,验证了多尺度模型的有效性;基于此设计了该新型波形钢腹板组合箱梁的截面参数,采用多尺度建模方法研究了各参数变化对箱梁动力特性的影响规律,通过地震反应谱法分析了该结构在各向地震作用下的结构响应。结果表明:箱梁横隔板的数量和厚度是结构动力特性的敏感参数,对结构的扭转刚度影响很大;增大波形钢腹板厚度可有效提高结构刚度,且刚度增大对频率的影响程度大于质量增大对频率的影响,建议腹板厚度宜设为20~30 mm;槽形钢板可有效提高截面的抗弯刚度,尤其对结构竖向弯曲模态影响较大;横向地震作用对混凝土顶板和横隔板应力的影响最大,纵向地震力对波形钢腹板应力的影响最大,竖向地震力对混凝土底板和槽形钢板的应力影响较大。

带钢筋桁架楼承板的PRC连梁抗震性能试验研究及数值分析

为适应超高层建筑以及现代工业化住宅建筑体系迅速发展的需要,提出了一种带钢筋桁架楼承板的新型钢板-混凝土组合(plate-reinforced composite,PRC)连梁。通过拟静力试验,分析了不考虑楼板作用、带普通钢筋混凝土(reinforced concrete,RC)楼板及带钢筋桁架楼承板PRC连梁的破坏形态、承载能力、变形能力和耗能能力等。在此基础上,采用ABAQUS软件分析在不同峰值荷载作用下钢筋桁架楼承板PRC连梁的混凝土、钢板和钢筋骨架的应力发展情况。研究结果表明:钢筋桁架楼承板的设置能显著提高小跨高比PRC连梁的受剪承载力、耗能能力和延性,设置楼板能显著提高连梁的峰值荷载,且带钢筋桁架楼承板对PRC连梁承载力的提升比带普通RC楼板更强,其连梁试件PRC-S3的正向峰值荷载比不带楼板连梁PRC-NS1和带普通RC楼板连梁PRC-S2分别提升了31%和18%,但带楼板连梁在梁板交界处产生通缝之后连梁的刚度退化较为严重;带钢筋桁架楼承板的PRC连梁具有优越的耗能能力,在连梁跨度范围内均出现了显著的对角压杆,主压杆及其衍生压杆共同构成桁架作用来承受剪力;楼承板桁架上下弦钢筋以及连梁纵筋均在连梁根部位置出现应力集中,且连梁试件PRC-S3破坏点对应的累积耗能是不带楼板试件PRC-NS1的1.39倍。

FRP筋增强UHPC模壳型混凝土组合梁受弯性能

为研究纤维复合材料(fiber-reinforced polymer,FRP)筋增强超高性能混凝土(ultra-high performance concrete,UHPC)模壳型混凝土组合梁的受弯性能,基于已验证模型,对U型UHPC模壳型混凝土组合梁进行有限元模拟,分析不同配筋率下截面构造形式和UHPC厚度、混凝土和筋材力学性能对构件的开裂、屈服、极限荷载,及其对应挠度、破坏模式、能量耗散和延性等的影响.研究表明:UHPC模壳可有效延缓组合梁开裂;增加UHPC面个数可有效提高极限荷载;适当提高UHPC强度、FRP筋弹性模量和UHPC厚度均可以有效提高极限荷载;混合配筋组合梁比钢筋组合梁有更好的能耗和延性;盲目提高FRP筋抗拉强度并不能提高组合梁受弯性能,但混合配筋模式下,提高FRP配筋率可以提高极限荷载和极限挠度.该研究结果可为UHPC模壳型混凝土组合梁结构设计与分析提供参考.

超高性能混凝土预制板-叠合剪力墙抗震性能研究

通过对1片现浇混凝土剪力墙和4片超高性能混凝土(ultra-high performance concrete, UHPC)预制板-叠合剪力墙抗震性能试验,研究了其滞回性能、抗弯承载力、延性、刚度和耗能能力等指标,分析了高宽比、聚乙烯泡沫(expanded polystyrene, EPS)芯模置换和竖向钢筋连接方式对其抗震性能的影响。结果表明:与现浇混凝土剪力墙相比,UHPC预制板-叠合墙具有优异的抗震性能,最大受弯承载力增大;UHPC预制板和钢筋桁架可较好地与空腔内现浇混凝土协同工作;UHPC叠合墙的滞回曲线、骨架曲线和刚度退化曲线与现浇混凝土剪力墙趋势基本一致;在本试验剪力墙的高宽比范围内,高宽比越小,UHPC预制板-叠合墙的受弯承载力和刚度越大,耗能越差;EPS芯模置换可提高叠合剪力墙屈服后的耗能能力,降低了UHPC叠合墙的延性;仅采用暗柱竖向钢筋与底座进行连接,对UHPC叠合墙的受弯承载力和耗能影响较小,但却可以很大程度方便施工。

重复荷载作用下SFCB混凝土黏结性能试验研究

针对钢-连续纤维复合筋(SFCB)混凝土构件在动荷载作用下应力传递机制复杂、黏结破坏机理及应力分布特征尚未明确等问题,通过等阶、变阶重复加载的中心拉拔试验、并与单向拉拔试验对比。结果表明:等阶、变阶重复加载试件的黏结强度比单向拉拔试件低11.8%~19.8%,黏结界面损伤更为严重,且重复加载1次平均黏结应力峰值出现约0.5%~1.6%的损失;不同加载方式,试件拔出过程中的黏结-滑移曲线特征基本相似,钢芯与纤维层因变形不一致出现相对滑移;SFCB沿埋长方向的黏结应力并非均匀分布,不同加载方式的应力“波峰”形态有所区别。明确重复荷载作用下SFCB混凝土的黏结性能,可为SFCB混凝土结构设计、黏结-滑移曲线模型建立提供重要的参考依据。

TC10钛合金棒材裂纹分析

裂纹是钛合金在生产加工时的常见缺陷。针对生产中TC10钛合金棒材的裂纹缺陷,通过OM、SEM、EBSD以及维氏硬度测试,研究裂纹缺陷的形貌、组织、性能,分析裂纹产生原因。结果表明,裂纹区域的低倍组织中无明显冶金缺陷产生,晶粒主要呈模糊以及半模糊晶,且无分层组织以及细晶亮带存在;高倍组织与正常区域相同,初生α相与正常区域内初生α相数量基本相同,裂纹两侧基体的金相组织正常。裂纹区域V和Cu元素成分偏低,O元素成分略高,密排六方相和体心立方相含量分别为48.33%和0.50%,低于正常区域的。裂纹区域平均硬度为374 HV,较正常区域的硬度低约30 HV。经分析得出,此裂纹为淬火裂纹。

航空用超大规格TC18钛合金棒材的制备及组织性能研究

经3次真空自耗电弧熔炼得到规格为φ720 mm的TC18钛合金铸锭,再经80 MN快锻机开坯锻造和多道次镦拔锻造,成功制备了航空用φ500 mm超大规格棒材,并对其组织均匀性及力学性能稳定性进行了评价分析。结果表明:TC18钛合金铸锭头、中、尾不同部位的主元素极差在0.1%以内,成分均匀性良好;TC18钛合金棒材不同部位的低倍组织均匀模糊,高倍组织呈现出典型的双态组织,且组织均匀一致性良好;棒材不同部位的力学性能差异较小,具有良好的性能稳定性。