Effects of Different Sowing Times on Plant Height, Leaf Stem Ratio and DW/FW Ratio of Forage Sorghum in Autumn Idle Land

The aim was to explore the linear regression prediction models between sowing time and plant height, leaf stem ratio and DW/FW ratio of forage sorghum in autumn idle land. [Method] The relationships between sowing time and plant height, leaf stem ratio and DW/FW ratio of forage sorghum were simulated and compared by employing field plot experiment and linear regression analysis. [Result] The sowing time had a great impact on plant height, leaf stem ratio and DW/FW ratio of forage sorghum in autumn idle land. With the delay of sowing time, the plant height and DW/FW ratio of forage sorghum decreased, while the leaf stem ratio increased. The regression models between sowing time and plant height, leaf stem ratio and DW/FW ratio of forage sorghum were established： plant height and sowing time, yheight = 234.725- 5.005X; leaf stem ratio and sowing time,ylcaf= 0.096 ＋ 0,019x; DW/FW ratio and sowing time, ydry= 0.305-0.002X. From July 23rd to August 30th, the plant height of forage sorghum was reduced by 5.005 cm, the leaf stem ratio was increased by 0.019 and the DW/FW ratio was reduced by 0.002 in average when hhe sowing time was delayed by one day. [Conclusion] This study provides a theoretical support for the production of forage sorghum in autumn idle land.

Study on the Relationship of Seedling Density and Line Spacing to Leaf-stem Ratio, DW/FW Ratio and Grass Yield of Forage Sweet Sorghum

[ Objectives ] The aim was to optimize the configuration of seedling density and line spacing of forage sweet sorghum （ Sorghum blcolor （ L. ） Moench） and explore its high-yield cultivation techniques. [ Methods] Effects of such two influencing factors as line spacing and seedling density on the leaf-stem ratio, DW/FW ratio and grass yield of forage sweet sorghum were analyzed by using split-plot experiment design experiment method and LSD method of IBM. SPSS. Statis- tics. v22 stati, stics software. [ Results ~ Seedling density and line spacing had no obvious effect on the leaf-stem ratio and DW/FW ratio of forage sweet sorghum but had obvious influences on the grass yield. Moreover, the optimal combination of seedling density and line spacing for high yield of forage sweet sorghum was A2 B4, that is, seedling density was 225 000 plants/hm2, and line spacing was 40 cm. [ Conclusions] The results provided a theoretical basis and technical support for high-yield cultivation techniques of forage sweet sorghum.

直立堤前stem波的分布规律及对工程的影响

当波浪沿直立堤以小于某临界角度入射时,将形成沿堤增长的stem波,目前国内外对stem波的研究较少且停留在理论阶段。以某直立堤台风破坏复演的物模试验为例,结合国内外研究成果,对stem波的产生条件、特征以及对工程的影响进行探讨。结果表明:1)stem波的波高和波宽均在沿堤传播中逐渐增大,沿堤比波高的增长呈现前快后慢的特点;2)不同入射波高和波向对于stem波的特征影响较大,详细的规律仍待进一步研究;3)stem波可对工程中直立堤造成蛇行破坏或对端部斜坡衔接段造成破坏,工程规划和结构选型应避免类似布置,宜采用三维物理模型试验验证stem波作用下结构的安全性。目前行业规范未涉及stem波相关内容,本研究成果可为工程设计提供参考。

Cell multiplication, apoptosis and p-Akt protein expression of bone mesenchymal stem cells of rat under hypoxia environment

Objective ：To elucidate whether cell multiplication, apoptosis, glucose intake and p-Akt protein expression of bone Mesenchyreal Stem Cells（MSCs） of rats is influenced by a hypoxic environment ex vivo. Methods ：Passage 3 of bone marrow MSCs taken from Wistar rats,were cultured in a culturing chamber with 94%N2,1%O2,5%CO2 at 37℃. At different hypoxia time points ,0,0.5, 1,4 and 8 h, glucose uptake was assayed by using radiation isotope ^3H-G, Apoptotic Rate（AR） and dead rate（DR） were analyzed by flow cytometry（FCM） after Annexin V/PI staining, cell multiplication（by MTr methods） and p-Akt protein by immunocytochemistry and western blot. Results ：Assay for CD29^± ,CD44^± ,CD71^± ,CD34^-, Tn T^±（after 5-azacytidine agent inducing） and ALP^±（after bone differentiation agent inducing） suggested these bone-derived cells were MSCs. The ^3H-G intaking ratio （CPM/ flask value：157 ± 11,110 ± 11,107 ± 13,103 ± 10,100 ± 9 and 98 ± 10） of MSCs at different hypoxia time points, significantly decreased compared to that of normoxia（P 〈 0.01） and tended to descend slowly with hypoxia time duration, for which there was no statistical significance（P 〉 0.05）. The AR（0.09 ± 2.03%,12.9 ± 1.72%,13.7 ± 2.26%,13.8 ± 3.01%,14.1 ± 2.78% and 14.7 ± 4.01% at 0,0.5,1,4 and 8 h,respectively,P 〈 0.01） and DR （0.04, ± 1.79% ,0.93 ± 1.85% ,3.11 ± 2.14% ,4.09 ± 2.36% ,4.72 ± 2.05% and 4.91 ± 3.72% at 0,0.5,1,4 and 8 h, respectively, P 〈 0.05） at different hypoxia time points significantly increased compared to those time in normoxia; The AR further went up with time （P 〈 0.05）, however there was no statistical significance （P 〉 0.05） for the DR. Optical absorption value of MTr methods at different hypoxia time points significantly decreased compared to those with a corresponding normoxia time （P 〈 0.01） and degraded with time （in an hypoxic environment -P 〈 0.01）. IOD of p-Akt protein of MSCs at different hypoxia time points significantly increased （0.367 ± 0.031,0.556 ± 0.023,0.579 ± 0.013, 0.660 ± 0.024, 0.685 ± 0.039 and 0.685 ± 0.011, respectively） compared to their equivalents in normoxia （P〈0.05）, however, there was no statistical significance （P 〉 0.05） for different hypoxia time points. Hypoxia may result in ultramicrostructure changes, such as defluvium of Microvilli, apoptotic body, ＂margination＂ and so on and are further aggravated with hypoxia time stretching. Conclusion： Hypoxia may lead to a depression of MSCs intaldng glucose, creep of cell multiplication, upregulation of p-Akt protein and apoptosis of MSCs ex vivo.

异基因造血干细胞移植输血不良反应风险预警模型的构建及验证

目的:探讨异基因造血干细胞移植(allo-HSCT)输血不良反应的危险因素,建立风险预警模型。方法:选取2018年1月—2023年2月我院收治的115例allo-HSCT病人作为研究对象,将其分为建模组(73例)和验证组(42例)。对病人一般资料进行调查,对病人血清中C反应蛋白(CRP)、白蛋白(ALB)、中性粒细胞、淋巴细胞进行检验,计算CRP/ALB和中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值(NLR),采用单因素分析和Logistic回归分析筛选allo-HSCT输血不良反应的危险因素,构建风险预警模型并转化为风险评分系统;采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线和Hosmer-Lemeshow(H-L)检验评价模型的区分度与校准度;对预警模型进行验证。结果:发生输血不良反应组CRP/ALB和NLR高于未发生输血不良反应组,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,输血次数≥3次、有原发性血液病史、有输血史、有过敏史、病人基础体温≥38℃、发血至输血时间≥30 min、输注红细胞滴速每分钟≥50滴、输注血小板滴速每分钟≥90滴以及CRP/ALB≥0.90和NLR≥1.37是allo-HSCT发生输血不良反应的危险因素(均P<0.05)。建模组ROC曲线下面积为0.841,H-L检验结果显示P=0.856,模型的灵敏度为0.909,特异度为0.775,Youden指数为0.684。验证组ROC曲线下面积为0.798,H-L检验结果显示P=0.813,灵敏度为0.818,特异度为0.775,Youden指数为0.593。结论:构建的allo-HSCT输血不良反应风险预警模型预测效能较好,可为allo-HSCT输血不良反应的护理提供针对性的指导。

盐碱胁迫对玫瑰茄种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响

以不同类型和浓度的盐碱溶液对玫瑰茄种子进行胁迫处理,结果表明,12.5 mmol/L中性盐没有抑制玫瑰茄种子萌发和幼苗生长,随溶液浓度的升高三种盐碱的抑制作用逐渐增强,碱性盐最强,其次是混合盐和中性盐,种子萌发对三者的耐受阈值分别为88.5,99.2,139.9 mmol/L。

煤矿复垦区博落回生物量及其分配特征对氮的响应

为探究博落回(Macleaya cordata)在不同施氮梯度下各生育期生物量及总生物量分配的动态变化规律,设置5个施氮水平:CK(0 kg·hm^(−2))、N_(1)(75 kg·hm^(−2))、N_(2)(150 kg·hm^(−2))、N_(3)(225 kg·hm^(−2))、N_(4)(300 kg·hm^(−2)),从2020年起开展为期两年的连续施氮试验,揭示博落回在贫瘠土壤中的生长适应特征。结果表明:1)N_(3)、N_(4)各时期博落回的冠生物量、根系生物量和总生物量均显著高于CK、N_(1)和N_(2)(P<0.05)。2)博落回的根冠比在不同年份有差异,第1年所有处理的根冠比在6月最低,分别为0.04、0.12、0.09、0.15和0.16,第2年在8月最低,分别为0.20、0.18、0.08、0.06和0.10;2021年6月和8月,CK的根冠比都高于其他处理。3)2020年10月N_(3)的茎叶比显著高于其他处理(P<0.05),其他处理的茎叶比各月份间差异不大;2021年各处理间茎叶比随恢复时间逐渐增加,在11月达到最大,分别为2.82、1.19、1.23、1.89和2.05。综上所述,建议对煤矿复垦区博落回施加225~300 kg·hm^(−2)的氮,以此来促进博落回在贫瘠土壤中的快速定植,本研究可以为缺氮土壤中博落回的生长适应性研究提供理论依据。

新疆地区4个红豆草新品系的生产性能评价

【目的】为客观评价红豆草新品系的生产性能,为新品系的示范推广及品种审定提供基础数据。【方法】试验以新疆农业大学选育的3个红豆草新品系ND056-1、ND056-2、ND056-3为材料,以奇台红豆草为对照(CK),通过观测生育期、株高、干鲜比、茎叶比、鲜草产量、干草产量等指标,对其生产性能进行综合评价。【结果】研究结果表明,四个材料的物候期无差异,ND056-3的平均株高最高为104.2 cm,ND056-2的次之为104.13 cm,CK最低为103.07 cm;ND056-1的干鲜比最高为30.15%,是对照的1.22倍,ND056-2最低为23.73%,是对照的0.96倍;ND056-3的叶茎比最高(1.2266),ND056-2次之(0.9918),分别是对照的1.1倍和1.38倍;全年鲜草产量中,ND056-3的最高为70.58 t/hm^(2),ND056-1次之为66.25 t/hm^(2),分别是对照的1.247倍和1.170倍;全年干草产量中,ND056-1的最高为19.89 t/hm^(2),ND056-3次之为19.32 t/hm^(2),分别是对照的1.30倍和1.27倍。【结论】综合分析认为,新品系ND056-3适合作为青鲜草利用,ND056-1适合作为干草利用。

Root overlap and allocation of above- and belowground growth of European beech in pure and mixed stands of Douglas fir and Norway spruce

Site conditions and species identity have a combined effect on fine root growth of trees in pure and mixed stands.However,mechanisms that may contribute to this effect are rarely studied,even though they are essential to assess the potential of species to cope with climate change.This study examined fine root overlap and the linkage between fine root and stem growth of European beech(Fagus sylvatica)growing in pure and mixed stands with Douglas fir(Pseudotsuga menziesii)or Norway spruce(Picea abies)at two different study sites in northwestern Germany.The study sites represented substantially different soil and climate conditions.At each site,three stands,and at each stand,three pairs of trees were studied.In the pure beech stand,the pairs consisted of two beech trees,while in the mixed stands each pair was composed of a beech tree and a conifer.Between each pair,three evenly spaced soil cores were taken monthly throughout the growing season.In the pure beech stands,microsatellite markers were used to assign the fine roots to individual trees.Changes in stem diameter of beech were quantified and then upscaled to aboveground wood productivity with automatic high-resolution circumference dendrometers.We found that fine root overlap between neighboring trees varied independently of the distance between the paired trees or the stand types(pure versus mixed stands),indicating that there was no territorial competition.Aboveground wood productivity(wood NPP)and fine root productivity(root NPP)showed similar unimodal seasonal patterns,peaking in June.However,this pattern was more distinct for root NPP,and root NPP started earlier and lasted longer than wood NPP.The influence of site conditions on the variation in wood and root NPP of beech was stronger than that of stand type.Wood NPP was,as expected,higher at the richer site than at the poorer site.In contrast,root NPP was higher at the poorer than at the richer site.We concluded that beech can respond to limited resources not only above-but also belowground and that the negative relationship between above-and belowground growth across the study sites suggests an‘optimal partitioning’of growth under stress.

3个紫花苜蓿新品系在新疆维吾尔自治区的生产性能评价

[目的]评价3个紫花苜蓿新品系在新疆维吾尔自治区的生产性能。[方法]以新疆农业大学草种质资源与育种团队选育的3个紫花苜蓿新品系MX01、MX02、MX03作为研究对象,以新疆维吾尔自治区培育的紫花苜蓿本地品种“新牧4号”作为对照(CK),测定并比较不同紫花苜蓿材料在3个刈割茬次下的株高、干鲜比、叶茎比、鲜草产量、鲜草总产量、干草产量、干草总产量,并对各性状指标与鲜草总产量和干草总产量之间的相关性进行分析。[结果]4份材料的平均株高从高到低依次为MX01(95.23 cm)、CK(94.56 cm)、MX03(90.25 cm)、MX02(88.36 cm),表明MX01的生长速度较快。4份材料的平均干鲜比从高到低依次为MX02(32.22%)、CK(28.81%)、MX01(27.76%)、MX03(25.36%),表明MX02在干物质积累方面的表现较好。4份材料的平均叶茎比从高到低依次为MX03(70.85%)、MX02(67.53%)、CK(66.68%)、MX01(62.76%),表明MX03在品质方面具有优势。MX02和MX03前2个刈割茬次的鲜草产量对鲜草总产量的贡献率较高,均达到80%以上;4份材料的鲜草总产量从高到低依次为MX03(89.01 t/hm^(2))、MX02(86.33 t/hm^(2))、CK(83.53 t/hm^(2))、MX01(76.62 t/hm^(2)),MX03的鲜草总产量显著(P<0.05)高于其他3份材料,提示该份材料适宜用作鲜草生产。3个紫花苜蓿新品系材料在3个刈割茬下干草产量对干草总产量的贡献率变化存在明显差异;4份材料的干草总产量从高到低依次为MX02(27.82 t/hm^(2))、CK(24.06 t/hm^(2))、MX03(22.57 t/hm^(2))、MX01(21.27 t/hm^(2)),提示MX02适宜用作干草生产。第2茬鲜草产量与鲜草总产量呈极显著(P<0.01)正相关,第2茬叶茎比与干草总产量呈极显著(P<0.01)负相关。[结论]对不同刈割茬次及整个生产周期下3个紫花苜蓿新品系多项性状指标的评价结果表明,新品系MX02和MX03的综合表现更好,具有在新疆维吾尔自治区推广种植的潜力。

新疆地区4个红三叶新品系的生产性能评价

【目的】旨在客观评价红三叶新品系的生产性能,为新品系的示范推广及品种审定提供基础数据。【方法】以新疆农业大学选育的3个红三叶新品系(HSY6、HSY11、HSY12)为研究对象,以蒙农1号红三叶(TrifoliumpratenseL.cv.MengnongNo.1)为对照(CK),通过观测生育期、株高、干鲜比、茎叶比、鲜草产量、干草产量等指标,对其生产性能进行综合评价。【结果】研究结果表明,4份材料的物候期无显著差异;HSY12的平均株高最高,为70.52 cm,CK的次之,为68.87 cm,HSY6最低,仅为64.77cm;HSY11的干鲜比最高,为20.16%,是对照的1.03倍;HSY6的叶茎比最高(0.9427),HSY11的次之(0.8834),分别是对照的1.17倍和1.05倍;全年(三茬)鲜草产量中,HSY11的最高,为130.70 t/hm^(2),CK的次之,为120.93 t/hm^(2);全年(三茬)干草产量中,HSY11的最高,为26.80t/hm^(2),CK次之,为23.30t/hm^(2)。【结论】综合分析认为,与其他3份材料相比,新品系HSY11更适合作为青鲜草和干草利用。

基于不同茎叶比的仙鹤草配方颗粒研究

目的:建立一个仙鹤草配方颗粒指标性含量数据筛选的方法。方法:基于仙鹤草茎、叶在黄酮类与鞣花酸的含量差异,以仙鹤草标准汤剂中茎叶比例为横坐标、黄酮/鞣花酸含量比为纵坐标建立仙鹤草标准汤剂所用饮片茎叶比例预测模型,并结合仙鹤草药材自然环境生长状况下茎/叶比例对数据进行筛选,确定入选用于仙鹤草配方颗粒指标性含量制定的仙鹤草标准汤剂参照数据。结果:通过对数据的筛选,确定了仙鹤草标准汤剂槲皮苷的含量范围为1.33~2.47 mg/g,鞣花酸的含量范围为1.35~2.50 mg/g。结论:建立的黄酮/鞣花酸含量比的方法可预测仙鹤草配方颗粒所用饮片的茎叶比例,利用茎/叶比例对仙鹤草标准汤剂指标性含量数据进行筛选,所得范围较筛选前明显缩窄,以此制定的指标性含量限度范围可有效地保证生产的中药配方颗粒与临床所用饮片的一致性。

紫花苜蓿品种引种筛选的研究

对从美国引进的4种紫花苜蓿MHA1,MHA2,78,78-1和中国的中苜1号进行栽培比较试验.从种子发芽率、茎叶比、鲜干比、鲜草产量、营养成分和经济效益等方面进行了对比分析.结果表明,上述各性状以78-1表现最为突出,粗蛋白、粗脂肪、Ca,P含量高,品质优良,经济效益显著,有较大推广价值.其余3种美国苜蓿品种在河南有推广意义.

基于驻波率原理的植物茎体水分无损检测方法研究

水在植物的各项生理活动中起着至关重要的作用,实时无损检测植物茎体的水分对研究植物的生命活动有着重要的指导意义。本文提出了一种基于驻波率原理的茎体水分实时无损在线检测方法,并设计了BD-IV型植物茎体水分传感器,分别在以有机溶剂及烧杯为实验材料的仿真环境、以松树为实验材料的树段环境及以桃树为实验材料的活立木实验环境下,验证了BD-IV型植物茎体水分传感器的检测性能。当植物茎体直径在5.0-10.5 cm之间且体积含水率在1.17%-59.59%之间时,BD-IV型植物茎体水分传感器能准确地检测出植物茎体的体积含水率。通过长期监测桃树茎体水分的日变化和月变化情况,得知BD-IV型植物茎体水分传感器的检测结果与植物生理特性相符;与德国生产的SF-L型树干茎流仪同时监测柳树的茎体水分和茎流,得出茎体水分和茎流之间的关系,为植物生理特性研究提供了一种高性能价格比的国产化检测仪器。

不同养分对苜蓿茎叶比和鲜干比的影响

采用再裂区设计,研究了N、K、P对多年生苜蓿鲜干比和茎叶比的影响。结果表明,氮肥对多年生苜蓿的鲜干比和茎叶比表现负效应;磷肥能降低茎叶比,钾肥对茎叶比和鲜干比的变化没有明显影响;N、K、P配施中K60P60配比处理下的苜蓿茎叶比较小。对鲜干比、茎叶比、茎含水量、叶含水量的相关分析表明,鲜干比与叶含水量在3个不同生育时期均呈极显著的正相关关系;在分枝期和初花期,鲜干比与茎叶比相关性质相同,均呈显著负相关;在现蕾期,鲜干比与茎叶比呈不显著的正相关,茎含水量与鲜干比和茎叶比的相关性也呈极显著的正相关。

不同紫花苜蓿品种引种试验研究

比较了引进的 4个紫花苜蓿品种在产草量、营养价值及经济效益方面和国内品种中苜 1号的差异。结果表明 :4个引进品种的各种性状均高于国内品种 ,有较大的推广价值。其中 78- 1鲜草及干草产量高 ,叶量丰富 ,粗蛋白及氨基酸含量高 ,有较高的营养价值 ,经济效益好 。

霍山石斛带节间的茎段在IBA/NAA诱导下的组织培养

论文研究了外源激素 (IBA、NAA)在霍山石斛带节间茎段的组织培养中的调节作用 ,探索了诱导出芽和诱导生根的最佳配比的培养基 。

紫花苜蓿刈割和晾晒技术研究

紫花苜蓿（Medicago sativa L.）是我国种植面积最大的豆科牧草,但在常规的收获制度中因收获技术不当往往造成其品质下降和产量降低.为研究不同刈割留茬高度和不同晾晒时间对苜蓿干草品质的影响,将苜蓿草按留茬高度为0,2～5,5～8,8～11 cm进行刈割,并对其草产量、茎叶比、越冬率、水分散失规律及营养价值进行测定分析.结果表明：刈割留茬高度为2～5 cm时不仅能获得高产的苜蓿草,且其后2茬的草产量也显著高于其他留茬高度的（P＜0.05）,具有较高的持续生产能力;同时其粗蛋白（CP）含量和相对饲喂价值（RFV）较高.末茬苜蓿草的刈割留茬高度应在8～11 cm,此条件下其翌年的返青率（77.44％）显著高于其他留茬高度下的（P＜0.05）.苜蓿经72 h晾晒至安全含水量时,叶片脱落率达56％,而在含水量降至52％时叶片损失率仅为29％,即后期出现严重茎叶干燥不同步现象.基于此,建议苜蓿干燥过程中采用茎秆压扁技术.