油菜素内酯合成酶(Steroid 5α-Reductase)基因的超量表达对毛白杨生长的影响

将棉花Steroid 5α-reductase基因(DET2)超量表达载体导入毛白杨中,观察其对毛白杨生长和芽休眠的影响。结果表明,超量表达DET2基因的毛白杨茎高度、直径生长和不定根的生长增强,芽的休眠破除提前。

Primary 4-3-oxosteroid 5β-reductase deficiency:Two cases in China

Aldo-keto reductase 1D1(AKR1D1) deficiency,a rare but life-threatening form of bile acid deficiency,has not been previously described in China.Here,we describe the first two primary 4-3-oxosteroid 5β-reductase deficiency patients in China's Mainland diagnosed by fast atom bombardment-mass spectroscopy of urinary bile acids and confirmed by genetic analysis.A high proportion of atypical 3-oxo-4-bile acids in the urine indicated a deficiency in 4-3-oxosteroid 5β-reductase.All of the coding exons and adjacent intronic sequence of the AKR1D1 gene were sequenced using peripheral lymphocyte genomic DNA of two patients and one of the patient's parents.One patient exhibited compound heterozygous mutations:c.396C>A and c.722A>T,while the other was heterozygous for the mutation c.797G>A.Based on these mutations,a diagnosis of primary 4-3-oxosteroid 5β-reductase deficiency could be confirmed.With ursodeoxycholic acid treatment and fat-soluble vitamin supplements,liver function tests normalized rapidly,and the degree of hepatomegaly was markedly reduced in both patients.

GhDET2,a Steroid 5alpha-reductase,Plays an Important Role in Cotton Fiber Cell Initiation and Elongation

Cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.) fibers,one of the most important natural raw materials for the textile industry,are highly elongated trichomes from epidermal cells of cotton ovules.Among the longest plant cells ever characterized,cotton fiber is an ideal system for studying plant cell elongation.

Differential expression of 5-alpha reductase sozymes in the prostate and its clinical implications

The development of human benign or malignant prostatic diseases is closely associated with androgens, primarily testosterone （T） and dihydrotestosterone （DHT）. T is converted to DHT by 5-alpha reductase （5-AR） isozymes. Differential expression of 5-AR isozymes is observed in both human benign and malignant prostatic tissues. 5-AR inhibitors （5-ARI） are commonly used for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia （BPH） and were once promoted as chemopreventive agents for prostate cancer （PCa）. This review discusses the role of the differential expression of 5-AR in the normal development of the human prostate and in the pathogenesis and progression of BPH and PCa.

The use of 5-alpha reductase inhibitors in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia

Benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH)is characterized by an enlarged prostate,lower urinary tract symptoms(LUTS),and a decreased urinary flow rate.Common in older men,BPH is a progressive disease that can eventually lead to complications including acute urinary retention(AUR)and the need for BPH-related surgery.Both normal and abnormal prostate growth is driven by the androgen dihydrotestosterone(DHT),which is formed from testosterone under the influence of 5-alpha reductase.Thus,5-alpha reductase inhibitors(5-ARIs)effectively reduce the serum and intraprostatic concentration of DHT,causing an involution of prostate tissue.Two 5-ARIs are currently available for the treatment of BPHdfinasteride and dutasteride.Both have been demonstrated to decrease prostate volume,improve LUTS and urinary flow rates,which ultimately reduces the risk of AUR and BPH-related surgery.Therefore,either alone or in combination with other BPH medications,5-ARIs are a mainstay of BPH management.

Cytochrome b5 reductase 2 suppresses tumor formation in nasopharyngeal carcinoma by attenuating angiogenesis

Background:Cytochrome b5 reductase 2(CYB5R2) is a potential tumor suppressor that inhibits cell proliferation and motility in nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC).Inactivation of CYB5R2 is associated with lymph node metastasis in NPC.This study aimed to explore the mechanisms contributing to the anti-neoplastic effects of CYB5R2.Methods:Polymerase chain reaction(PCR) assays were used to analyze the transcription of 84 genes known to be involved in representative cancer pathways in the NPC cell line HONE1.NPC cell lines CNE2 and HONE1 were transiently transfected with CYB5R2,and data was validated by real-time PCR.A chick chorioallantoic membrane(CAM)embryo model was implanted with CYB5R2-expressing CNE2 and HONE1 cells to evaluate the effect of CYB5R2 on angiogenesis.An immunohistochemical assay of the CAM model was used to analyze the protein expression of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF).Results:In CYB5R2-transfected NPC cells,PCR assays revealed up-regulated mRNA levels of Fas cell surface death receptor(FAS),FBJ murine osteosarcoma viral oncogene homolog(FOS),phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 1(PIK3R1),integrin beta 3(ITGB3),metastasis suppressor 1(MTSSl),interferon beta 1(IFNB1),and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A(CDKN2A) and down-regulated levels of integrin beta 5(ITGB5),insulin-like growth factor 1(IGF1),TEK tyrosine kinase(TEK),transforming growth factor beta receptor 1(TGFBRl),and VEGF.The angiogenesis in the CAM model implanted with CYB5R2-transfected NPC cells was inhibited.Down-regulation of VEGF by CYB5R2 in NPC cells was confirmed by immunohistochemical staining in the CAM model.Conclusion:CYB5R2 up-regulates the expression of genes that negatively modulate angiogenesis in NPC cells and down-regulates the expression of VEGF to reduce angiogenesis,thereby suppressing tumor formation.

ASSOCIATION OF PLASMA HOMOCYSTEINE LEVEL AND N^5, N^(10) -METHYLENETETRAHYDROFOLATE REDUCTASE GENE POLYMORPHISM WITH CEREBRAL INFARCTION

Objective. To investigate the relationship of plasma homocysteine (Hcy) level to stroke and genetic factor to elevated plasma Hcy level.Methods. The plasma Hcy level was measured by capillary electrophoresis- ultraviolet detection and the gene polymorphism of N5, N10 - methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) was studied with PCR - RFLP assay in 43 patients with cortical cerebral infarction and 42 healthy controls.Results. The plasma Hcy level of the patients ( 19. 3 + 6. 0 μ mol/L) was markedly higher than that of the controls (13.7 + 5.4 μ mol/L) ( t = 4. 16, P ＜ 0. 001). There are 3 genotypes, C/C, C/T and T/T, about base - variation of MTHFR gene at locus 677. The plasma Hcy level of the subjects with T/T genotype was higher than that of subjects with other genotypes. However, the frequencies of each genotype and allele were not significantly different between the patients and the controls.Conclusions. The elevated plasma Hcy level is a risk factor for atherothrombotic cerebral infarction, and is related to the C→T mutation at locus 677 of MTHFR gene.

Medical therapy for clinical benign prostatic hyperplasia:α1 Antagonists,5α reductase inhibitors and their combination

Medical therapy for clinical benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH)has advanced significantly in the last 2 decades.Many new a1 antagonists and 5a reductase inhibitors(5ARi)are now commercially available.The practicing urologist must decide on the most appropriate medication for his patients,taking into consideration various factors like efficacy,dosing regime,adverse effects,cost,patient’s socioeconomic background,expectations,drug availability and his own clinical experience.The use of combination therapy added further to the complexity in clinical judgment when prescribing.We highlight some of the key points in prescribing a1 antagonists,5ARi and their combination,based on our viewpoints and experience as urologists in an Asian clinical setting.

Expression of 5α-Reductase Type 2 Gene in Human Testis, Epididymis and Vas Deferens

Objectives To study the expression pattern of 5α-reductase type 2 gene in human male reproductive organsMethods The expression level of 5α-reductase type 2 gene inhuman testis, epididymis and vas deferens tissues was determined by in situ hybridization using Digoxin labeled 5α-reductase type 2 cRNA probe.Results The brown granules of hybridizing signals distributed in the cytoplasm of Sertoli and Leydig cells of the testis, the principle cells of epididymis and the epithelial cells of vas deferens, but there was no positive signal in the nuclei of above-mentioned cells. No positive signal was observed in germ cells, basement of the testis, interstium of epididymis and basement, as well as smooth muscle of vas deferens. Conclusion This study confirmed that the 5α-reductase type 2 gene expressed in Sertoli , Leydig cells of the testis, and the principle cells of epididymis. The expression pattern of the gene in these cells in human was similar to that of rat and monkey. The presence of 5α-reductase type 2 gene in epithelial cells of the vas deferens suggested it might possess an important physiological role in human reproduction.

5α-reductase type 2 gene expression in human testis, epididymis and vas deferens

To study the expression pattern of 5α-reductase type 2 gene in human male reproductive organs. Methods: The expression level of 5ct-reductase type 2 gene in human testis, epididymis and vas deferens tissues was determined by in situ hybridization using a digoxin-labeled 5α-reductase type 2 cRNA probe. Results: The brown granules of hybridizing signals distributed in the cytoplasm of the Sertoli and Leydig cells of the testis, the principle cells of epididymis and the epithelial cells of vas deferens, but there was no positive signal in the nuclei of these cells. No positive signal was observed in the germ cells, basement of the testis, interstium of the epididymis and basement and the smooth muscle cells of vas deferens. Conclusion: This study confirmed that the 5a-reductase type 2 gene expressed in the Sertoli and Leydig cells of the testis and the principle cells of the epididymis. The expression pattem of the gene in these cells in the human was similar to that in the rat and monkey. The presence of 5α-reductase type 2 gene in the epithelial cells of the vas deferens suggests that it may play a physiological role in human reproduction. [Reprod Contracep (in English) 2002; 13: 67]

Pre-Androgen Ablation Prostate Cancer Patients Who Bleed Do Well with 5 Alpha Reductase Inhibitors

Background: Patients with gross haematuria are sometimes found to have prostate cancer after clinical evaluation. The treatment of such haematuria could be very challenging. Use of a 5 alpha reductase inhibitor like dutasteride has been found helpful in bleeding prostate cancer patients if they have not undergone hormonal manipulation before they developed haematuria. Patients and Method: 26 patients with gross haematuria of prostatic origin who had histologic confirmation of adenocarcinoma of the prostate but who have not had chemical or surgical castration were randomized to receive daily dutasteride in addition to vigorous saline irrigation and antibiotics on one arm and vigorous saline irrigation and antibiotics only as control on the other arm. The time taken before haematuria resolved and the amount of irrigation fluid used were noted. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS. Student’s t-test and Kaplan Meier survival analysis were used to test various variables at 0.5 significant levels. Results: Of the 26 patients 12(46.2%) received 0.5 mg oral dutasteride in addition to saline irrigation while 14 (53.8%) received saline irrigation only. Haematuria stopped in all of 12 (100%) patients on dutasteride arm but on 12 (85.7%) of the 14 patients on the control arm. It took significantly shorter time and lesser volume of irrigation fluid before haematuria resolved in those treated with dutasteride than in those on the control arm. Conclusion: Dutasteride is effective in the control of acute haematuria in pre-androgen ablation prostate cancer patients.

FKBP 5基因对绵羊卵泡颗粒细胞功能的影响

旨在探讨FKBP 5在绵羊卵巢颗粒细胞(GCs)中的潜在功能。本研究从乌鲁木齐市华凌屠宰场的20个2岁左右处于性成熟阶段的阿勒泰羊卵巢中分离GCs。将试验分为4组:GC(空白对照)、GC+NC(转染siRNA-NC)、GC+si FKBP 5(转染siRNA-FKBP5)、GC+si FKBP 5+LH(促黄体生成素处理转染siRNA-FKBP5)。利用细胞免疫荧光检测FKBP5蛋白在GCs中的定位。通过EdU、Tunel和Western blot检测其对细胞增殖、凋亡的影响;通过Western blot检测其对AKT和ERK信号通路的影响;通过ELISA检测其对E2、P4水平的影响。结果表明,FKBP5表达于GCs细胞质中。FKBP 5表达量随着LH浓度不断升高;5 IU·mL-1 LH作用4 h,FKBP 5表达较高(P<0.001)。干扰FKBP 5后显著抑制了细胞增殖,并显著降低PCNA蛋白表达量(P<0.001);显著促进了细胞凋亡,增加了BAX的表达并减少了Bcl-2的表达(P<0.001);显著抑制了GCs中AKT和ERK信号通路的激活以及E2和P4的分泌(P<0.001)。LH处理部分改善了干扰FKBP 5对GCs的影响(P<0.05)。本研究结果表明,FKBP 5影响绵羊GCs的增殖、凋亡、AKT和ERK信号通路以及E2和P4的分泌,其功能受LH的影响。这些结果为进一步研究FKBP5在绵羊卵泡发育中的作用提供了理论依据。

基于体外微量反应评价某些甾醇类化合物对5α还原酶的抑制作用

目的基于体外微量反应,体外筛选有效的5α还原酶抑制物.方法从SD大鼠肝脏中获得5α还原酶的粗酶,建立体外微量反应体系,通过反应前后睾酮量的变化来评价受试甾醇类化合物对5α还原酶的抑制作用.结果在反应体系中加入二甲基亚砜(DMSO),解决非那雄胺及受试甾醇类化合物在水相中溶解度低等的问题,确保微量反应有效进行,从而得到可靠的筛选结果.结论羊毛甾醇在体外具有较好的5α还原酶抑制效果,或许可以成为新型的5α还原酶抑制物.

Changes in 5α-reductase (type 2) gene expression in epididymis of puberty diabetic rats

The changes in 5α-reductase (type 2 ) gene expression in the epi-didymis of puberty diabetic rats were studied by the Northern blot and Dotblot method. Rats were divided into 3 groups: the control group (C), thediabetic group (D), and the diabetic group with insulin treatment (DI).Results: The Northern blot intensity of the caput epididymis in Group D is

High performance thin layer chromatography as an effective tool for rapid screening of 5α-reductase inhibitors

Benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH)is a common disease in men,and is known to be related to 5α-reductase,which can affect steroid metabolism.Under the promotion of 5α-reductase,testosterone can be converted into dihydrotestosterone(DHT),and excessive DHT will cause related diseases.Since BPH seriously affects the quality of life of patients,it is essential to discover effective 5α-reductase inhibitors.In this study,the simple analytical method of high performance thin layer chromatography(HPTLC)was used to screen active compounds,and seven compounds with strong activity were screened out.This research will provide a reference for studying the material basis of drugs for the treatment of BPH.

Effect of Repetitive Bleeding on NADH-Cytochrome b_5 Methemoglobin Reductase Activity and Molybdenum Content in Erythrocytes of Rats

Reticulocytosls in rats was induced by repetitive bleeding. Both the in vitro and the in vivo studies showed that the detected reductive speed of methemoglobin of the bleeding group was faster than that of the control group at all time intervals. At the same time, the NADH-cytochrome b5 methemoglobin reductase activity and the molybdenum content in erythrocytes of the bleeding group were significantly increased. Regressional analysis showed that there was a significantly positive correlation between the enzyme activity and the molybdenum content. It is proposed that molybdenum might be required for the enzyme activity

腺苷脱氨酶、5′-核苷酸酶及谷胱甘肽还原酶联合检测在评估乙型肝炎患者肝损伤中的临床价值

[目的]探讨腺苷脱氨酶(ADA)、5′-核苷酸酶(5′-NT)及谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)联合检测在评估乙型肝炎(CHB)患者肝损伤中的临床价值.[方法]选择2020年1月—2024年6月间就诊的72例CHB患者列入实验组,按照肝损伤不同程度分为轻度组(n=39)、中度组(n=25)、重度组(n=8),另选择同期健康体格检查的72例健康者列入对照组.采集所有研究对象血液样本,检测并比较各组血清ADA、5′-NT、GR水平.[结果]实验组血清ADA、5′-NT、GR水平均明显高于对照组(P<0.05);肝损伤重度组患者的血清ADA、5′-NT、GR水平明显高于中度组、轻度组,中度组血清ADA、5′-NT、GR水平明显高于轻度组,相比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).[结论]血清ADA、5′-NT、GR联合检测可应用于CHB临床辅助诊断及肝损伤程度评估中,为临床诊断与治疗方案制定提供依据.

lncRNA MIF-AS1调节miR-423-5p/PYCR1轴对前列腺癌细胞恶性生物学行为的影响

目的探究长链非编码RNA(lncRNA)巨噬细胞移动抑制因子反义RNA1(MIF-AS1)调节miR-423-5p/吡咯啉-5-羧酸还原酶1(PYCR1)轴对前列腺癌(PC)细胞恶性生物学行为的影响。方法体外培养PC3细胞,敲低MIF-AS1或下调miR-423-5p表达,检测PC患者肿瘤组织与癌旁组织和细胞中MIF-AS1、miR-423-5p和PYCR1 mRNA的表达;检测细胞增殖、凋亡、迁移与侵袭;Western blot检测PYCR1蛋白表达;验证miR-423-5p和MIF-AS1、PYCR1的关系。结果MIF-AS1、PYCR1 mRNA在肿瘤组织中呈高表达,miR-423-5p呈低表达。沉默MIF-AS1可抑制PC3细胞增殖、迁移、侵袭及PYCR1表达,上调miR-423-5p表达,诱导细胞凋亡(P<0.05);抑制miR-423-5p表达可逆转沉默MIF-AS1对PC3细胞恶性行为的抑制作用(P<0.05)。MIF-AS1、PYCR1与miR-423-5p存在靶向调控关系。结论沉默MIF-AS1可能通过上调miR-423-5p来抑制PYCR1表达,抑制PC细胞的恶性行为。

吡咯啉-5-羧酸还原酶1对恶性肿瘤生物学行为的影响及分子机制研究进展

吡咯啉-5-羧酸还原酶1(pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase 1,PYCR1)是脯氨酸合成的关键酶,近年来研究发现PYCR1基因在多种恶性肿瘤中高表达,影响了肿瘤的发生发展,有望成为新的有潜力的肿瘤标志物和治疗靶点。本文概述了PYCR1基因的结构和分布,并重点介绍其在恶性肿瘤细胞增殖、侵袭、耐药等生物学行为中的作用机制,最后讨论了PYCR1基因相关的调控分子和抑制剂。

雄激素代谢相关基因AKR1C3、SHBG、SRD5A2单核苷酸多态性与指长比的相关性

目的 探讨雄激素代谢相关基因2型3α-羟基类固醇脱氢酶醛酮还原酶(aldo-keto reductase IC3,AKR1C3)、性激素结合球蛋白(sex hormone-binding globulin,SHBG)和睾酮5-α还原酶Ⅱ(steroid 5α-reductase type 2 gene,SRD5A2)的6个单核苷酸多态性与人类指长比(2D:4D)的相关性。方法 选取宁夏医科大学2019级799名在校大学生(男性396名,女性403名)为研究对象。通过拍照采集双手正面照片并进行指长比分析;采用多重聚合酶链反应技术对rs12529、rs1937845、rs523349、rs727428、rs3760213和rs6259 SNP位点进行基因分型,随后利用单因素方差分析法分析不同基因型与2D:4D的相关性。结果 女性双手2D:4D均高于男性(P均<0.05);AKR1C3基因的rs12529位点基因型、SHBG基因的rs3760213和rs6259位点基因型和等位基因型频率在性别间差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05);单倍型分析表明,AKR1C3基因的rs12529-rs1937845位点与SHBG基因的rs727428-rs3760213-rs6259位点存在强连锁,但只有后者在男女间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不论男性还是女性,rs12529、rs1937845、rs523349、rs727428、rs3760213和rs6259共6个SNP位点基因型频率与指长比(2D:4D)均无相关性(P均>0.05)。结论 799名大学生不同性别指长比差异显著,且SHBG基因单核苷酸多态性呈现性别差异,但与指长比无关。