Clinico-pathologic significance of neuroendocrine cells in gastric carcer tissue

AIMS To elucidate the biological and clinicopathological signifi- cance of neuroendocrine(NE)cells in gastric carcinoma(GC). METHODS One hundred and eighty-nine cases of various histo- logical types of GC were observed using light microscopy, histochemistry,immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy. Of them 127 patients were followed up. RESULTS Chromogranin A(CgA)positive GC was demonstrat- ed in 85 cases(45.0%).The typos of NE cells in GC were probed using 9 kinds of hormone antibodies 49 cases(67.2%) contained more than one hormone.NE cells were found more often in poorly differentiated GC than in well differentiated ones(P<0. 01).Expression of some kinds of hormone Was relative to the dif- ferentiation and histological types of GC.BOM,CT(P<0.01) GAST and 5-HT(P<0.05)were more expressed in poorly differ- entiated cases than in well defferentiated ones.Nineteen cases of the matastatic foci in regional lymph nodes were found to have CgA positive cancer cells.The presence of HCG in matastatic lymph nodes was more often observed than that of other hormone (P<0.01).The survival rate of patients with NE positive GC was 38.9% and negative GC 52.7%.Five of 7 patients(71. 4%)with somatostatin positive GC still survived at follow up of 33-66 months,but 4 patients with HCG positive GC died in 12-29 months. CONCLUSIONS The NE cells occur more frequently in poorly differentiated GC.Certain hormones appear to be related to the metastasis and prognosis.

Pathological evaluation of gastrointestinal endoscopic submucosal dissection materials based on Japanese guidelines

Endoscopic surgery first started as snare polypectomy and then progressed to endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR). In order to resect a lesion that is more than 2 cm, endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) was developed. ESD therapy has now been established and is being used for early stage neoplastic lesions in the stomach, colon, esophagus, larynx and pharynx. In ESD specimens, we deal with relatively small lesions; therefore, more meticulous and precise pathological diagnosis is required compared to that in surgically resected specimens. In addition, we should be expert in the eligibility criteria of the different organs for ESD therapy. Here, we explain the biopsy diagnosis, including the Japanese group classification as well as the Vienna classification, handling the specimen, including fixation, photography, cutting and paraffin embedding, histological type, depth, vascular invasion and evaluation of the surgical margins, based on the latest Japanese guidelines. Japanese histopathology diagnostic criteria for the stomach, colon and esophagus are also described. We also demonstrate some examples of those mentioned above.

Classification of gastric neuroendocrine tumors and its clinicopathologic significance

AIMS To study the pathologic classification of gastric neuroendocrine tumors and its clinicopathologic significance. METHODS Paraffin embedded sections of 52 gastric neuroendocrine tumors including 42 carcinoid tumors, and 10 cases of neuroendocrine carcinoma from 326 patients who underwent resection of stomach carcinomas were studied by immunohistochemical methods including 10 endocrine markers or hormones antibodies and endocrine cells in gastric neuroendocrine tumors and extratumoral mucosa were observed under electromicroscope. RESULTS The 52 gastric neuroendocrine tumors were divided into three types: ① Gastrin dependent type of carcinoid (26 cases) accompanied by chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) and tumor extension limited to the mucosa or submucosa complicated with hypergastrinemia and G cell hyperplasia. This type was consistently preceded by and associated with generalized proliferation of endocrine cells in the extratomoral fundic mucosa. ② Non gastrin dependent type of carcinoids (16 cases) associated with neither CAG nor hypergastrinemia. This type was more aggressive; and ③ Neuroendocrie carcinomas (10 cases), which are highly aggressive tumors. CONCLUSIONS A correct identification of different types of gastric endocrine tumors has major implications for the treatment and prognosis of the patients.

Study on the pathogenetic effect of salted pork from a high risk area of stomach cancer in China

AIM To study the pathogenetic effect of salted pork (SP) (special food in Zhuanghe City, a high risk area of stomach cancer in northern China) on stomach cancer, and provide scientific basis for primary prevention of stomach cancer in this high risk area. METHODS The study consisted of three parts. The first part was to study the mutagenicity of SP. The Ames test and micro nuclei assay of V 79 cell were employed in this part. The second part was to study the effect of SP on the gastric mucosa of residents in Zhuanghe area who had consumed SP for more than 10 years and the dose effect relations between SP and pathological changes of gastric mucosa. A total of 300 cases were analysed. The third part was to study the mucosal lesions of experimental dogs by gastroscopy and mucosal biopsy. Six healthy male dogs were chosen, three were fed with SP, and the others served as control. RESULTS In this study, the results showed that the extract of SP could lead to mutation of Salmonella typhimurium TA 98 and induce the increase of micro nuclei rate (MNR) and micro nuclei cell rate (MNCR) of V 79 at a dose range of 20～80μl/ml. There were dose effect relations between SP, MNR, MNCR. Pathological changes of gastric mucosa of local residents who had consumed SP showed significant difference from those of the control group. In people who had consumed SP for 10 years, mucosal lesions including necrosis and erosion were found; in those who consumed SP for 10～20 years, hyperplasia and dysplasia were also seen besides the above lesions and those for 20～30 years, severe dysplasia and even malignant changes could be observed. SP had damaging effect on the gastric mucosa of dogs fed with SP. The mucosal lesions became more severe with increasing feeding time. CONCLUSION SP is a strong mutagen and long term exposure to SP may result in repeated gastric mucosal damage and repair, and finally leading to severe dysplasia and malignancy.

Pathological response measured using virtual microscopic slides for gastric cancer patients who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy

BACKGROUND Although pathological response is a common endpoint used to assess the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for gastric cancer, the problem of a low rate of concordance from evaluations among pathologists remains unresolved. Moreover, there is no globally accepted consensus regarding the optimal evaluation. A previous study based on a clinical trial suggested that pathological response measured using digitally captured virtual microscopic slides predicted patients’ survival well. However, the pathological concordance rate of this approach and its usefulness in clinical practice were unknown. AIM To investigate the prognostic utility of pathological response measured using digital microscopic slides in clinical practice. METHODS We retrospectively evaluated pathological specimens of gastric cancer patients who underwent NAC followed by surgery and achieved R0 resection between March 2009 and May 2015. Residual tumor area and primary tumor beds were measured in one captured image slide, which contained the largest diameter of the resected specimens. We classified patients with < 10% residual tumor relative to the primary tumorous area as responders, and the rest as non-responders;we then compared overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS) between these two groups. Next, we compared the prognostic utility of this method using conventional Japanese criteria. RESULTS Fifty-four patients were evaluated. The concordance rate between two evaluators was 96.2%. Median RFS of 25 responders and 29 non-responders was not reached (NR) vs 18.2 mo [hazard ratio (HR)= 0.35, P = 0.023], and median OS was NR vs 40.7 mo (HR = 0.3, P = 0.016), respectively. This prognostic value was statistically significant even after adjustment for age, eastern cooperative oncology group performance status, macroscopic type, reason for NAC, and T- and Nclassification (HR = 0.23, P = 0.018). This result was also observed even in subgroup analyses for different macroscopic types (Borrmann type 4/non-type 4) and histological types (differentiated/undifferentiated). Moreover, the adjusted HR for OS between responders and non-responders was lower in this method than that in the conventional histological evaluation of Japanese Classification of Gastric Carcinoma criteria (0.23 vs 0.39, respectively). CONCLUSION The measurement of pathological response using digitally captured virtual microscopic slides may be useful in clinical practice.

Carcinosarcoma of the stomach:A case report and review of the literature

Carcinosarcomas are rare,malignant,biphasic tumors. We report the case of a 62-year-old man with gastric carcinosarcoma,along with its clinical,macroscopic and histopathological features. Macroscopically,a specimen of deformed stomach was obtained that measured 200 mm×150 mm×100 mm. A 150 mm×100 mm× 50 mm exophytic tumoral mass (Borrmann typeⅠ) was found,which involved the posterior wall from the cardia to the antrum. Histopathologically,a mixed type of malignancy was revealed: an adenocarcinoma with intestinal metaplasia,with interposed fascicles of fusiform atypical cells and numerous large,rounded and oval cells. The tumor showed positive histochemistry for cytokeratin 18,epithelial membrane antigen,carcinoembryonic antigen,chromogranin A and vimentin. Liver metastases were diagnosed 8 mo postoperatively,and the patient died 4 mo later. A review of the available literature is also presented.

Clinicopathological analysis of patients with gastric cancer in 1200 cases

INTRODUCTIONGastric cancer is one of the most common fatal malignancies in the world. The prognosis is generally poor in advanced gastric cancer .The low survival is related to delayed diagnosis, metastasis and recurrence after operation .The aim of this paper was to find correlation between clinical factors was to find correlation between clinical factors and biologic behavior of gastric cancer in a series of 1200 patients undergoing surgical resection.

Metastatic tumors to the stomach: Clinical and endoscopicfeatures

AIM: To evaluate the clinical and endoscopic patterns in a large series of patients with metastatic tumors in the stomach. METHODS: A total of 64 patients with gastric meta- stases from solid malignant tumors were retros- pectively examined between 1990 and 2005. The clinicopathological findings were reviewed along with tumor characteristics such as endoscopic pattern, location, size and origin of the primary sites. RESULTS: Common indications for endoscopy were anemia, bleeding and epigastric pain. Metastases presented as solitary (62.5%) or multiple (37.5%) tumors were mainly located in the middle or upper third of stomach. The main primary metastatic tumors were from breast and lung cancer and malignant melanoma. CONCLUSION: As the prognosis of cancer patients has been improving gradually, gastrointestinal (GI) metastases will be encountered more often. Endoscopic examinations should be conducted carefully in patients with malignancies, and endoscopic biopsies and information on the patient’s clinical history are useful for correct diagnosis of gastric metastases.

THE IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY AND QUANTITATIVE MORPHOMETRIC STUDY OF MUCOSA ASSOCIATED LYMPHOID TISSUE(MALT)LYMPHOMA IN STOMACH

Objective: To invetigate the Immunohistochemistry characters and quantitative nmorphometric significance for the mucosa associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma of stomach in 14 patients. Methods: The routine paraffin slides were cut, stained with H.E., and immunochemically by ABC method. The morphologic appearance of nuclei of lymphoma cells were measured with HPIAS-1000 color pathology picture analysis system. Results of the 14 cases, 9 was centrocyte like (CCL) cell lymphoma, 2 CCL with large cell lymphoma, 1 small no cleaved cell lymphoma, 1 large no cleaved cell lymphoma, 1 T immunoblastic malignant lymphoma. The morphologic measurement results showed that there were great significant differences (P<0.001) for the 15 items of morphology parameters between the nuclei of MALT lymphoma cells and those of normal control lymphocytes in stomach. There were great significance differences (P<0.001) or significance (P<0.05) for the most of the 15 items of morphologic parameters of nuclei among the 5 types of MALT lymphoma. Especially, that the values of area, circumference, equivalent diameter, area volume, circumference volume, long diameter, short diameter, practical area were increasing as the malignant degree of classification was rising, which reflect the increasing malignancy of the tumor. Conclusion: It was suggested that with the quantitative morphology measurement method, man could make accurate diagnosis for MALT lymphoma. It offered us a new method to make the diagnosis, so that it had significance. It might be also practicable with morphology measurement method to make the sub classification of MALT lymphoma.

Atypical glomus tumor of the body of stomach: a case report and review of literature

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical pathological features of the atypical glomus tumor of the stomach, and explore its biological behavior and clinical significance. Methods: a 43-year-old female was admitted due to passing black stool for 5 months. The melena of the patient occurred after eating the crabs. The endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) was performed, showing a hypoecho nodule found at the body of the stomach, suggesting the diagnosis of gastric stromal tumor. After onset of disease, no specific clinical symptoms were observed except for the slight feeling discomfort in upper abdominal region. The gastroscopy was performed under the general anesthesia: there was a spheroidal nodule measuring 2.5 cm x 3.0 cm at the anterior wall of the body of stomach near the side of lesser curvature with the focal erosion of gastric mucosa. The DualknifeTM and the snare were used to excise the tumor in full thickness. Grossly, the tumor nodule measured 2.5 cm in diameter. The cut surface was solid, showing moderate consistency and grey red in colour. Microscopically, this tumor presented a well circumscribed nodule. It composed of the rounded neoplastic cells which were mainly arranged in solid pattern. The tumor cells had well-defined cell membranes, centrally placed, round nuclei and amphophilic cytoplasm. Immunohistochemical staining showed the positive expression of smooth muscle actin (SMA), caldesmon and vimentin; meanwhile detecting the negative expression of desmin, pan-cytokeratin, CD34, CD117 and S-100 in tumor cells. The Ki-67 labelling index of tumor was 8%. Results: Combined with the histopathological features, immunophenotype of the tumor, deep location in abdominal cavity and with greater diameter larger than 2 cm, and the diagnosis of atypical glomus tumor of the body of the stomach in this case was established. Conclusion: The atypical glomus tumor of the body of the stomach is a rare mesenchymal tumor. The following differential diagnosis should be included as following: gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST), paraganglioma, myopericytoma and the angioleiomyoma. The immunohistochemistry exerts an essential role during the diagnosis of this tumor. The deeper location and larger size implicate its undetermined biological behavior.

Expressions of cyclin D1 and p27^(kip1) in carcinogenesis of stomach mucosa

Objective： To evaluate the relationship between the expressions of cyclin D1 and p27^kip1 in the canceration course of the stomach. Methods： The immunohistochemical staining technique （SP method） was used to detect the expressions of cyclin D1, p27^kip1 in chronic superficial gastritis （CSG）, chronic atrophic gastritis （CAG）, intestinal metaplasia （IM）, dysplasia （DYS）, gastric carcinoma （GCA） biopsy specimens. Results： The positive cyclin D1 expression rates increased with the progressing from CAG--,IM--,DYS--,GCA respectively, and those in IM, DYS and GCA were different from those in CSG, P 〈 0.05, while DYS group was indifferent from GCA group, P 〉 0.05. The positive p27^kip1 expression rates decreased with the mucosa progressing from CAG→IM→DYS→GCA. There was a negative correlation between the expression cyclin D1 and p27^kip1 （y = -0.53, P = 0.000）. Conclusion： Expression rates of cyclin D1 in the canceration course of the stomach mucosa trend were increased and those of p27^kip1 were decreased; the abnormal expressions of them were found in the early term of the canceration course of the stomach mucosa, and the inverse expression suggests there may be a negative feedback regulatory loop between cyclin D1 and p27^kip1.

65例胃早癌脉管侵犯的相关因素分析

目的探讨胃早癌脉管侵犯的相关因素。方法回顾性分析江苏省扬州市江都人民医院2018年1月—2023年6月收治的65例胃早癌内镜黏膜下剥离术(endoscopic submucosal dissection,ESD)患者资料。根据术后病理结果将患者分为脉管侵犯组与非侵犯组,分别为31例和34例。分析各组病例的临床特征、胃镜表现及病理特点,通过logistic回归分析探讨胃癌发生脉管浸润的独立危险因素。结果病灶>2 cm(OR=4.959,95%CI1.490~16.500)、合并溃疡(OR=3.667,95%CI 1.429~21.950)、Kit-67指数>30%(OR=9.601,95%CI2.530~36.373)、病理分化差(OR=6.440,95%CI1.822~22.760)及浸润深度T1b(tumour infiltration depth 1b,T1b)(OR=6.301,95%CI1.913~20.802)对胃早癌脉管侵犯有影响(P<0.05)。Kit-67指数>30%是脉管转移独立高危因素(P<0.05)。结论脉管侵犯与多种因素有关,Kit-67指数对评估是否合并脉管侵犯有重要临床意义。

疏肝理气活血汤联合常规西药治疗慢性萎缩性胃炎临床研究

目的:观察疏肝理气活血汤联合常规西药治疗肝胃不和型慢性萎缩性胃炎(CAG)的临床疗效。方法:选择肝胃不和型CAG患者80例,按照随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组各40例。对照组给予枸橼酸莫沙必利片和瑞巴派特片治疗,观察组在对照组基础上加用疏肝理气活血汤治疗。评价2组临床疗效,比较2组治疗前后中医证候积分及病理检查评分,统计不良反应发生率。结果:观察组总有效率为85.00%,高于对照组70.00%(P<0.05)。治疗后,2组中医证候积分较治疗前下降(P<0.05),且观察组中医证候积分低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,2组胃黏膜萎缩、肠上皮化生、异型增生评分较治疗前下降(P<0.05);且观察组胃黏膜萎缩、肠上皮化生、异型增生评分低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组不良反应发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:疏肝理气活血汤联合常规西药治疗CAG可改善患者的临床症状,对于缓解或逆转胃黏膜萎缩、肠上皮化生和异型增生具有一定的治疗效果,且不良反应较少。

CT影像组学列线图预测胃癌内镜活检与术后病理学分型差异

目的评估基于CT影像组学的列线图预测胃癌内镜活检与术后病理Lauren分型差异的价值。方法回顾性分析126例经手术病理确诊的胃癌患者,根据内镜活检与术后病理结果是否一致将其分为一致组(n=77)与不一致组(n=49),同时按2∶1比例分为训练集与验证集。筛选临床预测因子,构建临床预测模型;于静脉期CT图像提取影像组学特征,采用L1正则化方法对特征进行筛选,以决策树、随机森林、逻辑回归3种机器学习(ML)算法构建影像组学模型;基于临床及最佳影像组学ML模型构建列线图;评估各模型及列线图的预测效能及其临床价值。结果患者年龄、血小板计数、动脉期CT值是预测胃癌内镜活检与术后病理分型不一致的独立因子。3种ML模型中,随机森林预测效能较好,其在训练集与验证集中的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.835及0.724。临床模型、影像组学模型及列线图在训练集的AUC分别为0.764、0.835及0.884,在验证集分别为0.760、0.724及0.841;列线图在训练集与验证集均显示出较好的拟合度及临床实用性。结论基于CT影像组学列线图用于预测胃癌内镜活检与术后病理Lauren分型不一致性具有潜在临床应用价值。

一种罕见的胃癌-胃肝样腺癌

胃肝样腺癌(hepatoid adenocarcinoma of the stomach,HAS)是一种表现在肝脏外的罕见的特殊胃恶性肿瘤,与一般的胃癌不同,HAS的恶性程度高、侵袭性高,容易出现肝转移、淋巴转移、预后差,但是HAS的诊断、临床病理特征和预后仍有较大的争论.为了帮助临床医生更了解这种胃癌,本文从甲胎蛋白的起源开始对HAS的诊断、临床病理特征及其预后等进行系统综述,从而为这种特殊胃癌的临床诊治提供建设性的意见及帮助.

胃息肉中医证型、病理类型与幽门螺杆菌感染的相关性研究

目的:探讨胃息肉的中医证型、病理类型与幽门螺杆菌(Hp)感染之间的相关性。方法:选取胃息肉患者500例为研究对象,收集患者的中医证候和病理诊断结果,对患者的中医证型、临床病理类型和Hp感染结果进行统计分析,研究中医证型、病理类型与Hp感染之间的关系,探讨Hp感染与二者的相关性。结果:500例胃息肉患者男女比例为1∶1.6,高发病年龄为50~<60岁,Hp检出率为16.4%;病理类型以胃底腺息肉(43.6%)和炎性息肉(40.6%)最为多见,其次为增生性息肉(15.0%)、腺瘤样息肉(0.8%),Hp阳性率以炎性息肉最高(57.3%),且与其他病理类型阳性率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);中医证型以脾胃虚弱证(47.6%)最为多见,其余依次为脾胃湿热证(24.6%)、肝胃不和证(13.4%)、胃络瘀阻证(7.4%)、痰湿中阻证(7.0%),Hp阳性率以脾胃虚弱证最高(51.2%),且与其余中医证型阳性率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);不同病理类型的胃息肉患者中医证型均以脾胃虚弱证多见,其中增生性息肉、胃底腺息肉、炎性息肉脾胃虚弱证与其余中医证型比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论:胃底腺息肉和炎性息肉为胃息肉常见病理类型,脾胃虚弱证为最常见中医证型;胃息肉合并Hp感染以炎性息肉多见,多为脾胃虚弱证,提示脾胃虚弱为胃息肉主要病机,且与Hp感染密切相关。

1746例胃息肉中医证型与内镜特征、病理类型的相关性研究

【目的】探究胃息肉中医证型与内镜特征、病理类型的相关性。【方法】选择广州中医药大学东莞医院总院脾胃病科收治的胃息肉住院患者1746例,收集患者的各项临床资料,包括性别、年龄、中医四诊资料以及胃息肉的病理类型、好发部位、数量、大小等,分析胃息肉患者的中医证型分布规律及其与内镜特征、病理类型的相关性。【结果】(1)性别方面,1746例患者中,女性1107例(63.40%),男性639例(36.60%),男女之比为1∶1.73;年龄方面,发病率与年龄呈正相关(P<0.01),年龄越大,发病率越高,中老年人是胃息肉的好发人群,≥40岁者占比高达87.40%。(2)中医证型方面,胃息肉患者的中医证型以脾胃气虚证最多[418例(23.94%)],其他按分布频次从高到低依次为寒湿阻滞证394例(22.57%)、脾胃湿热证353例(20.22%)、气滞痰阻证311例(17.81%)和痰瘀互结证70例(15.46%)。(3)不同性别中医证型分布比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),其中脾胃气虚证、寒湿阻滞证、气滞痰阻证、痰瘀互结证女性多于男性,而脾胃湿热证男性多于女性;不同年龄段中医证型分布比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),其中<30岁患者多见脾胃气虚证,30~39岁和40~49岁患者多见脾胃湿热证,50~59岁患者多见气滞痰阻证,≥60岁患者多见寒湿阻滞证。(4)病理类型方面,胃息肉患者的主要病理类型为胃底腺息肉1327例(76.00%),其他依次为增生性息肉266例(15.23%)、炎性息肉146例(8.36%)、腺瘤性息肉7例(0.40%);不同病理类型中医证型分布比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),其中胃底腺息肉以脾胃气虚证为主,增生性息肉以气滞痰阻证为主,炎性息肉以寒湿阻滞证为主,腺瘤性息肉以痰瘀互结证为主。(5)胃息肉数量方面,以多发性息肉为主[1120例(64.15%)],单发性息肉较少[626例(35.85%)];不同胃息肉数量的中医证型分布比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中多发性息肉以脾胃气虚证的占比最高(25.45%),单发性息肉以脾胃湿热证的占比最高(24.28%)。(6)好发部位及大小方面,胃息肉好发于胃体、胃底等部位,直径常≤0.5 cm;但不同发病部位及胃息肉大小之间的中医证型分布比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。【结论】胃息肉患者的中医证型与性别、年龄、病理类型和数量具有相关性;发病率与年龄呈正相关,中老年是胃息肉的好发人群;女性明显高于男性,脾胃湿热证男性多于女性,其余证型均以女性多见;胃底腺息肉以脾胃气虚证为主,增生性息肉以气滞痰阻证为主,炎性息肉以寒湿阻滞证为主,腺瘤性息肉以痰瘀互结证为主。

双层探测器光谱CT定量参数对胃癌区域淋巴结转移的诊断价值

目的 探讨新型双层探测器光谱CT的碘浓度(IC)与有效原子序数(Zeff)鉴别胃癌区域淋巴结性质的价值。资料与方法 回顾性收集2021年5月—2022年9月广州中医药大学第二附属医院经手术病理证实且术前行光谱CT双期增强检查的108例胃癌患者(转移淋巴结116枚、非转移淋巴结92枚)的影像及临床资料。根据术前CT图像,测量淋巴结短径、评估边缘及强化均匀度。勾画目标淋巴结最大层面的实性部分,获得IC与Zeff,并计算标准化IC(nIC)及标准化Zeff(nZeff)。比较两组间各参数的差异;分析各参数鉴别诊断和联合诊断的效能;比较各参数的受试者特征曲线下面积(AUC)。结果 两组间短径、边缘、强化均匀度差异均有统计学意义(t/χ2=-7.575、30.971、20.913,P均<0.001)。良性淋巴结组动脉期各光谱参数均小于恶性组,静脉期各参数均大于恶性组(t=-10.723~12.610,P均<0.001)。3个常规特征中,短径的AUC最高(0.749),与动脉期IC和静脉期Zeff的AUC差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但低于其他光谱参数。光谱参数中,静脉期nIC的AUC最高(0.925)。各光谱参数的敏感度与特异度均高于常规特征。多参数联合模型的诊断效能优于单变量模型,常规特征的联合模型AUC为0.815,光谱参数联合模型中,动静脉期参数联合模型的诊断效能最高(AUC=0.993)。结论 双期光谱CT定量参数可有效评估胃癌区域淋巴结性质,且诊断效能高于常规特征,多参数联合模型可提升诊断效能。

miR-484通过调控HIF-1α/VEGF信号通路对胃癌血管生成的影响

【目的】探讨miR-484是否通过调控HIF-1α/VEGF信号通路参与胃癌血管的生成。【方法】分别在阴性对照(miR-NC组)、miR-484模拟物(miR-484 mimics组)和miR-484抑制剂(miR-484 inhibitors组)3种条件下转染SCG-7901胃癌细胞。检测不同组SCG-7901细胞中缺氧诱导因子-1α(HIF-1α)、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)的mRNA和蛋白表达情况及胃癌细胞的增殖情况。将转染成功的SCG-7901细胞与血管内皮细胞分别在缺氧条件下共培养,采用ELISA法检测培养基中HIF-1α和VEGF的表达情况,CCK8检测血管内皮细胞的增殖情况。【结果】miR-484 mimics处理后,SCG-7901细胞的增殖能力显著降低,而miR-484 inhibitor处理组的细胞增殖能力则显著提高。与miR-NC组比较,miR-484 mimics组SCG-7901细胞的HIF-1α、VEGF mRNA和蛋白表达下调(均P<0.01),miR-484 inhibitor组的结果与之相反。在缺氧条件下,与miR-NC组相比,miR-484 mimics显著降低了培养基中HIF-1α和VEGF水平(均P<0.05),血管内皮细胞增殖能力降低(P<0.05),而miR-484 inhibitor组的结果与之相反。【结论】miR-484可能通过下调HIF-1α/VEGF通路抑制胃癌细胞增殖和肿瘤血管形成。

术前CT评价壁外血管侵犯情况对胃癌患者预后的评估价值

目的探讨术前CT评价壁外血管侵犯情况对胃癌患者预后的评估价值。方法选择2016年1月-2018年12月于我院接受胃癌根治术的患者作为研究对象,术前进行CT检查并评价患者壁外血管侵犯情况,术后随访患者总生存期(OS)和无病生存期(DFS),采用K-M曲线及Log-rank检验分析壁外血管侵犯情况与患者OS、DFS的关系,采用COX回归模型分析患者OS和DFS的影响因素。结果肿瘤直径≥5 cm、TNMⅢ期胃癌患者术前CT评价壁外血管侵犯的发生率明显高于肿瘤直径<5 cm、TNMⅠ~Ⅱ期胃癌患者(χ^(2)=7.745、7.011,P<0.05);与术前CT评价壁外血管未侵犯的胃癌患者比较,壁外血管侵犯的胃癌患者DFS和OS均明显缩短(χ^(2)=6.245、5.388,P<0.05);壁外血管侵犯、TNM分期是胃癌患者DFS的影响因素,壁外血管侵犯、肿瘤直径、TNM分期是胃癌患者OS的影响因素。结论术前CT评价壁外血管侵犯情况对胃癌患者预后评估有较大的临床价值。