Underwater endoscopic mucosal resection for neoplasms in the pyloric ring of the stomach: Four case reports

BACKGROUND Tumors located in the pylorus are technically more complex to resect by endoscopic resection,as the anatomical characteristics of this region can affect the adequate assessment of margins and performance of the procedure.We reported the results of underwater endoscopic mucosal resection(UEMR)of benign mucosal neoplasms located in the pyloric ring.CASE SUMMARY This case series describes 4 patients with 4 mucosal neoplasms located in the pyloric ring.The diameter of each neoplasm was less than 15 mm.We performed UEMR for the lesions.Water immersion enabled slight floating of the lesions,resulting in easy identification.We achieved en bloc resection with a snare and electrosurgical unit.All procedure were performed within 3 min without adverse events.Pathologic examination showed low-grade dysplasia with clear resection margins in one case and hyperplastic polyps in three cases.CONCLUSION UEMR can be an effective and safe treatment method for neoplasms in the gastric pyloric ring.

Metastatic stomach lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma and immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy:A case report

BACKGROUND Pulmonary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma(PLELC)is a rare type of nonsmall-cell lung cancer.Stomach lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma(LELC)metastasis secondary to PLELC has not been reported recently.CASE SUMMARY A 64-year-old female was admitted to our hospital for a regular gastroscopy examination with a 6-year history of surgical resection for left PLELC.Positron emission tomography/computed tomography suggested high accumulation of 18F-fludeoxyglucose in the gastric cardia region.Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy confirmed a large mass at the stomach fundus.Immunohistochemistry(IHC)of the biopsy suggested metastatic stomach LELC.Proximal gastrectomy showed that this 6.5 cm×5.0 cm mass was located in the stomach fundus near the cardia.Histopathological examination showed a poorly differentiated carcinoma with prominent lymphoplasmacytic infiltration.IHC demonstrated that the tumor was positive for CK(AE1/AE3),p63,p40,p53,Ki-67(70%),and EGFR(3+)and negative for CK7,CK20,Her2,and CD10.In situ hybridization analysis showed positive staining Epstein-Barr virus-encoded RNA.Tumor programmed cell death ligand 1(PD-L1)expression score was 98%,and the combined positive score was 100,with no evidence of microsatellite instability.Thus,the patient was unequivocally diagnosed with metastatic stomach LELC secondary to pulmonary LELC.After discharge,this patient underwent PD-1 inhibitor treatment(toripalimab,240 mg)every 3 wk for ten cycles,and she has had no tumor recurrence.CONCLUSION For gastric LELC metastasis,PD-1 inhibitor therapy could become a new therapeutic approach,though there is still no evidence from large data sets to support this.

Experimental study on effect of recombinant human growth hormone combined with chemotherapy on stomach neoplasms implanted in nude mice

Objective: To investigate the effect of different doses of recombined growth hormone (rhGH) on stomach neo- plasms implanted in nude mice, and its efficacy in combining with chemotherapy (flurouracil, 5-FU). Methods: Human stom- ach neoplasms model was established in nude mice. The nude mice were divided into control group, moderate-dose of rhGH group, low-dose rhGH group, 5-FU group, moderate-dose rhGH/5-FU group, and low-dose rhGH/5-FU group. The results of each group were observed after ten days. Results: After therapy, the body mass of rhGH groups was significantly increased compared with control group (P<0.05), the body mass of rhGH/5-FU groups was significantly increased compared with 5-FU group (P<0.05), but it was no significant difference between rhGH/5-FU groups and control group (P>0.05). The average tumor mass and volume of rhGH groups were not significantly increased compared with control group (P>0.05), but they were significantly reduced in 5-FU group and rhGH/5-FU groups (P<0.05). They were no significant difference between rhGH/5- FU groups and 5-FU group (P>0.05). After treatment, the percentages of S, G0/G1 and G2/M phases and proliferation index (PI) were not significantly changed in rhGH groups compared with control group (P>0.05), and the same with rhGH/5-FU groups compared with 5-FU group (P>0.05). The difference caused by dose of rhGH was not significant. Conclusion: rhGH enhances body mass, does not stimulate tumor growth, and has no adverse effects on tumor bearing nude mice. Combined with flurouracil, rhGH does not influence the efficacy of chemotherapy, and has no effect on tumor cell cycle kinetics.

Exophytic inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the stomach in an adult woman:A rare cause of hemoperitoneum

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) of the stomach in adults is extremely rare, with unpredictable prognosis. We present a 55-year-old woman with a gastric IMT. She experienced sudden abdominal pain 4 d previously. Physical examination showed mild abdominal tenderness in the hypogastrium, but no palpable abnormal abdominal mass. Abdominal CT showed a mass of approximately 8 cm in the gastrocolic ligament. On laparoscopic exploration, unexpected hemoperitoneum of approximately 1.5 L of blood was found, and an exophytic gastric mass of approximately 10 cm, appeared from the anterior wall of the gastric body along the greater curvature. Laparoscopy further showed that non-clotting blood in the abdominal cavity seemed to be from the gastric tumor. After conversion to open surgery for more precise evaluation of the cause of hemoperitoneum and the large friable tumor, gastric wedge resection, including the tumor, was conducted. The final diagnosis was consistent with IMT that originated from the gastric wall.

Detection of early gastric cancer using hydro-stomach CT:Blinded vs unblinded analysis

AIM:To evaluate the difference in diagnostic performance of hydro-stomach computed tomography(CT) to detect early gastric cancer(EGC) between blinded and unblinded analysis and to assess independent factors affecting visibility of cancer foci.METHODS:Two radiologists initially blinded and then unblinded to gastroscopic and surgical-histological findings independently reviewed hydro-stomach CT images of 110 patients with single EGC.They graded the visibility of cancer foci for each of three gastric segments(upper,middle and lower thirds) using a 4-point scale(1:definitely absent,2:probably absent,3:probably present,and 4:definitely present).The sensitivity and specificity for detecting an EGC were calculated.Intraobserver and interobserver agreements were analyzed.The visibility of an EGC was evaluated with regard to tumor size,invasion depth,gastric segments,histological type and gross morphology using univariate and multivariate analysis.RESULTS:The respective sensitivities and specificities [reviewer 1:blinded,20%(22/110) and 98%(215/220);unblinded,27%(30/110) and 100%(219/220)/reviewer 2:blinded,19%(21/110) and 98%(216/220);unblinded,25%(27/110) and 98%(215/220)] were not significantly different.Although intraobserver agreements were good(weighted κ = 0.677 and 0.666),interobserver agreements were fair(blinded,0.371) or moderate(unblinded,0.558).For both univariate and multivariate analyses,the tumor size and invasion depth were statistically significant factors affecting visibility.CONCLUSION:The diagnostic performance of hydrostomach CT to detect an EGC was not significantly different between blinded and unblinded analysis.The tumor size and invasion depth were independent factors for visibility.

Proton pump inhibitors and stomach neoplasm

This study aimed to explore the relationship between proton pump inhibitors(PPIs)and gastric tumors and determine the reasons behind these connections.We reviewed studies on PPIs and stomach tumors.We explored the relationship between PPIs and different types of gastric neoplasms according to the classification of gastric neoplasms.Long-term use of PPIs is associated with stomach infection,high gastrin levels,and rebound acid hypersecretion,which are directly or indirectly related to the development of gastric neoplasms.PPIs can increase the risk of gastric fundal polyps.Further evidence is needed to prove that it can increase the risk of gastric cancer.

Microsatellite instable double primary cancers of the colorectum and stomach exhibit less favorable outcome

AIM: To ascertain the adequacy of the microsatellite instability (MSI) as a prognostic indicator by assessing MSI status of patients with double primary gastric and colorectal cancer (DPGCC).METHODS: Sixteen patients were studied, all of whom exhibited sporadic DPGCC, and had no family history of hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer, according to the Amsterdam criteria. A total of 32 cancers from 16DPGCC patients, and 216 single primary CRC, were assessed for MSI in 5 microsatellite loci, BAT25, BAT26,D2S123, D5S346, and D17S250.RESULTS: MSI was observed in 6 (37.5%) of 16 GC and 4 (25.0%) of 16 CRC. Thirty tumors (13.9%) out of 216single primary CRC and one tumor (16.7%) out of 6 double primary CRC were found to be microsatellite unstable. Of the 6 GC with MSI in DPGCC, 5 (31.3%) were MSI-high and one (6.3%) was MSI-low. In 5 of 16 DPGCC patients,the cancer recurred in or adjacent to the anastomosis or metastasized to the kidney or lung. The MSI-high DPGCC cases were associated with a younger age of onset (47.5 years vs 62.5 years), higher frequency of lymph node metastasis (100% vs 25%), and advanced Dukes stage (C, 100% vs 41.7%), as well as a higher frequency of recurrence or metastasis (100% vs 8.3%). Only recurrence or metastasis showed statistical significance by Fisher's exact test.CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that MSI may play an important role in the development of DPGCC, and that it may be used clinically as a molecular predictive marker for recurrence or late metastasis of DPGCC.

Extraskeletal Ewing sarcoma of the stomach:A rare case report

BACKGROUND Extraskeletal Ewing sarcoma(EES)is a rare and highly malignant small round cell tumor associated with a poor clinical outcome.Ewing sarcoma(ES)involving the stomach is an uncommon presentation and can be easily confused with other small round cell tumors.We herein present a rare case of ES involving the gastric area.CASE SUMMARY We report a case of gastric ES in a 19-year-old female patient who initially presented with a complaint of a tender epigastric mass for 5 d.Contrast-enhanced abdominal computed tomography revealed a soft-tissue-density mass with a diameter of 8.5 cm between the liver and stomach;the mass was connected to the gastric antrum.Then,the mass was surgically excised completely.Upon histopathological,immunophenotype and molecular analysis,the mass was identified to be a primary gastric ES.CONCLUSION EES is an aggressive tumor with poor prognosis.Therefore,early diagnosis and timely intervention are essential for a good prognosis.It is imperative for us to raise awareness about this rare tumor.Surgical resection is still the best treatment option.

Risk factors for blood transfusion and its prognostic implications in curative gastrectomy for gastric cancer

BACKGROUND Gastric cancer(GC)is still a prevalent neoplasm around the world and its main treatment modality is surgical resection.The need for perioperative blood transfusions is frequent,and there is a long-lasting debate regarding its impact on survival.AIM To evaluate the factors related to the risk of receiving red blood cell(RBC)transfusion and its influence on surgical and survival outcomes of patients with GC.METHODS Patients who underwent curative resection for primary gastric adenocarcinoma at our Institute between 2009 and 2021 were retrospectively evaluated.Clinicopathological and surgical characteristics data were collected.The patients were divided into transfusion and non-transfusion groups for analysis.RESULTS A total of 718 patients were included,and 189(26.3%)patients received perioperative RBC transfusion(23 intraoperatively,133 postoperatively,and 33 in both periods).Patients in the RBC transfusions group were older(P<0.001),and had morecomorbidities(P=0.014),American Society of Anesthesiologists classification III/IV(P<0.001),and lower preoperative hemoglobin(P<0.001)and albumin levels(P<0.001).Larger tumors(P<0.001)and advanced tumor node metastasis stage(P<0.001)were also associated with the RBCtransfusion group.The rates of postoperative complications(POC)and 30-d and 90-d mortalitywere significantly higher in the RBC transfusion group than in the non-transfusion group.Lowerhemoglobin and albumin levels,total gastrectomy,open surgery,and the occurrence of POC werefactors associated with the RBC transfusion.Survival analysis demonstrated that the RBCtransfusions group had worse disease-free survival(DFS)and overall survival(OS)compared withpatients who did not receive transfusion(P<0.001 for both).In multivariate analysis,RBCtransfusion,major POC,pT3/T4 category,pN+,D1 lymphadenectomy,and total gastrectomywere independent risk factors related to worse DFS and OS.CONCLUSIONPerioperative RBC transfusion is associated with worse clinical conditions and more advancedtumors.Further,it is an independent factor related to worse survival in the curative intentgastrectomy setting.

基于倾向性评分匹配的T_(4a)期胃癌腔镜辅助与开腹手术近期疗效的对比分析

目的:探讨T_(4a)期胃癌行腹腔镜辅助D2根治术的近期疗效。方法:采用倾向性评分匹配,分析2014年1月至2020年12月为T_(4a)期胃腺癌患者行D2淋巴结清扫的临床资料。将患者分为开腹组(n=362)与腹腔镜组(n=134),通过倾向性评分匹配对数据进行1∶1匹配,匹配容差设为0.03。最终获得两组病例各134例。比较两组手术情况、术后并发症、术后炎性指标变化及2年总生存率。结果:倾向性匹配后,两组基线资料具有可比性(P>0.05)。两组术后首次进食时间、住院时间、并发症情况差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);腹腔镜组与开腹组手术时间[240(203.75,256.25)min vs.140(120,190)min,P<0.05]、术中出血量[200(100,300)mL vs.200(200,300)mL,P<0.05]、淋巴结清扫数量[20.5(17,27.25)vs.16(10,23),P<0.05]、切口长度[5(5,6)cm vs.12(10,15)cm,P<0.05]、术后排气时间[4(3,6)d vs.5(3,6)d,P<0.05]、术后下床活动时间[2(2,3)d vs.3(2,3)d,P<0.05]差异均有统计学意义。两组术前中性粒细胞-淋巴细胞比值、血小板-淋巴细胞比值、淋巴细胞-单核细胞比值差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),术后血小板-淋巴细胞比值差异无统计学意义,腹腔镜组中性粒细胞-淋巴细胞比值低于开腹组,淋巴细胞-单核细胞比值高于开腹组,差异有统计学意义。开腹组与腹腔镜组术后2年总生存率为53.3%与48.3%,差异无统计学意义(P=0.211)。结论:对于T_(4a)期胃癌,腹腔镜手术后并发症发生率、2年生存率与开腹手术相当,但腹腔镜手术具有创伤小、美观、术后康复快的优势。

1例初始表现为急性弥散性血管内凝血的胃低分化腺癌伴多发转移:^(18)F-FDG PET/CT显像所见

患者女,20岁,无明显诱因阵发性下腹部疼痛伴牙龈出血、皮肤散在瘀斑及肛门坠胀感9天;既往体健。查体:贫血貌,全身皮肤散在片状瘀斑,四肢皮肤干燥;腹部柔软,无压痛及反跳痛。实验室检查:红细胞2.49×10^(12)/L,血小板36×10^(9)/L,血红蛋白70 g/L,血浆鱼精蛋白副凝固实验(+),D-二聚体>20 mg/L,纤维蛋白原降解产物>150.00 mg/L,糖类抗原12573.40 U/ml。

免疫细胞及炎症因子对晚期肺癌一线化疗效果的预测价值

【目的】探讨T淋巴细胞亚群、肿瘤浸润T淋巴细胞(Tils)及炎症因子对晚期肺癌一线化疗效果的预测价值。【方法】检测98例首诊TNM分期为Ⅲ/Ⅳ期的非小细胞肺腺癌患者的血清白细胞介素1α(IL-1α)、IL-6、IL-17、γ-干扰素(INF-γ)水平及T淋巴细胞亚群CD4^(+)T、CD8^(+)T、调节性T细胞、CD57^(+)细胞、Granzyme B^(+)细胞、CD45RO^(+)细胞比例;所有患者均接受紫杉醇注射液+顺铂化疗,治疗4个周期后评定疗效,并据此分为有效组和无效组,分析化疗无效的影响因素及预测疗效的有效标志物。【结果】化疗后,98例患者中69例化疗有效,29例无效。无效组患者淋巴结转移占比及调节性T细胞、IL-1α表达水平均高于有效组(P<0.05),CD57^(+)细胞、CD45RO^(+)细胞比例均低于有效组(P<0.05)。多因素逐步Logistic回归分析结果显示,调节性T细胞、IL-1α水平高是肺癌患者化疗无效的危险因素(P<0.05),CD57^(+)细胞、CD45RO^(+)细胞比例高是保护因素(P<0.05)。受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析显示,调节性T细胞、CD57^(+)细胞、CD45RO^(+)细胞、IL-1α水平预测化疗效果的灵敏度分别为82.76%、86.21%、89.66%、93.10%,四者联合的灵敏度、特异度和曲线下面积(AUC)分别为82.76%、97.10%、0.957。【结论】T淋巴细胞亚群、Tils及炎症因子水平与晚期肺癌治疗效果密切相关,其可作为预测疗效的敏感指标。

血清miR-345、miR-138及miR-22与晚期胃癌患者化疗敏感性的相关性分析

【目的】探讨血清微小RNA-345(miR-345)、miR-138及miR-22与晚期胃癌患者化疗敏感性的相关性。【方法】100例均接受同一化疗方案治疗的晚期胃癌患者,依据疗效分为有效组(n=69)及无效组(n=31),比较两组临床病理特征及血清相关指标,绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析血清miR-345、miR-138及miR-22预测晚期胃癌化疗效果的价值,采用多因素Logistic回归分析影响患者化疗效果的因素。【结果】Ⅲ期患者的血清miR-345相对表达量低于Ⅳ期患者,miR-138及miR-22相对表达量高于Ⅳ期患者(P<0.05);有效组miR-345低于无效组,miR-138、miR-22高于无效组(P<0.05)。经ROC曲线分析证实,血清miR-345、miR-138及miR-22能用于预测晚期胃癌的化疗效果,其敏感度与特异性分别为0.855、0.935、0.971、0.839和0.884、0.903(均P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,病理分期为Ⅳ期、miR-345≥14.5、miR-138≤2及miR-22≤3.12为晚期胃癌患者化疗效果不佳的危险因素(P<0.05)。【结论】血清miR-345≥14.5、miR-138≤2、miR-22≤3.12均为导致化疗效果不佳的危险因素,其可作为评估患者化疗效果的生物学标志物。

吲哚菁绿标记近红外荧光腹腔镜胃癌根治术的应用研究

目的:探讨吲哚菁绿(ICG)在腹腔镜胃癌根治术中淋巴结定位及清扫的应用价值。方法:回顾分析2018年1月至2019年5月接受腹腔镜胃癌D2根治术的73例胃癌患者的临床资料。其中35例术前经ICG标记后行腹腔镜手术(ICG组),38例行常规腹腔镜胃癌根治术(对照组)。对比分析两组淋巴结清扫总数、手术时间、出血量、术后并发症及住院时间。结果:两组均顺利完成腹腔镜胃癌根治术。ICG组与对照组手术时间[(195.31±35.12)min vs.(201.48±36.57)min,P>0.05]、术中出血量[(90.58±18.27)mL vs.(92.44±20.25)mL,P>0.05]、术后排气时间[(3.25±1.35)d vs.(3.17±1.65)d,P>0.05]、术后住院时间[(12.55±3.25)d vs.(13.50±3.65)d,P>0.05]差异均无统计学意义。两组淋巴结清扫数量差异有统计学意义[(47.71±16.43)枚vs.(30.22±11.67)枚,P<0.05]。术后平均随访(27±13)个月,其中2例吻合口复发,予以手术切除,无死亡病例。结论:ICG成像技术方便、安全、有效,可确保淋巴结清扫的安全性、有效性,避免淋巴结残留。

蛋白质琥珀酰化参与丁酸抑制胃癌细胞增殖及迁移的作用

目的:研究丁酸对胃癌细胞增殖及代谢的影响,并探讨其潜在作用机制。方法:使用5 mmol/L丁酸钠处理胃癌细胞48 h后,通过EdU染色及Transwell法检测细胞增殖、迁移情况;收集丁酸处理后的胃癌细胞,提取代谢物进行代谢组学分析筛选出其中显著富集的代谢通路以及上调的代谢物;采用Western blot以及细胞免疫荧光检测丁酸钠处理后胃癌细胞蛋白质琥珀酰化程度,同时采用RT-qPCR检测SIRT5、SUCLG1、SUCLG2和SUCLA2的mRNA水平。结果:丁酸钠处理48 h后胃癌细胞增殖被显著抑制,细胞中检测到三羧酸循环及氧化磷酸化等代谢通路显著富集,其中三羧酸循环代谢物L-苹果酸、琥珀酰辅酶A及延胡索酸显著上调(均P<0.05);Western blot和免疫荧光显示丁酸处理后胃癌细胞蛋白琥珀酰化水平上调(P<0.05)。同时RT-qPCR证实了丁酸处理上调了琥珀酰辅酶A合成酶编码基因SUCLG1、SUCLG2和SUCLA2的mRNA表达水平(均P<0.05),但并未影响SIRT5表达(P>0.05)。结论:丁酸能够抑制胃癌细胞增殖及迁移,其可能通过促进SUCLs表达以及上调琥珀酰辅酶A水平并进一步促进胃癌细胞蛋白质琥珀酰化实现。

Doublecortin样激酶-1在胃癌组织中的表达及其与预后关系

目的研究doublecortin样激酶-1(DCLK1)在胃癌组织的表达情况及其与患者临床病理特征及预后的关系。方法收集北京协和医院2002年7月至2006年12月收治的122例胃癌根治患者的临床病理资料及标本,采用免疫组织化学法检测DCLK1在胃癌及癌旁组织中的表达水平,Kaplan-Meier法绘制生存曲线,Cox比例风险模型进行单因素及多因素生存分析。结果 122例胃癌患者中,51例存在DCLK1高表达。DCLK1与患者淋巴结转移(P=0.029)、脉管癌栓(P=0.029)密切相关。Kaplan-Meier分析结果显示,DCLK1高表达者的5年总生存率和5年无病生存率分别为39.0%和37.0%,明显低于DCLK1低表达者的65.8%和64.5%(P均=0.001)。Cox模型分析结果显示,DCLK1是胃癌患者总生存时间和无病生存时间的独立预后因素(P均=0.036)。结论 DCKL1高表达与胃癌淋巴结转移和脉管癌栓相关,是胃癌患者预后不良的一个潜在分子指标。

腹部脂肪及骨骼肌CT测量在胃癌患者营养评估中的价值

目的探讨腹部脂肪及骨骼肌CT测量指标在胃癌患者营养评估中的价值。方法连续收集胃癌患者56例,记录临床营养评估指标、营养风险筛查2002(nutrition risk screening,NRS2002)评分及患者主观整体评估(patient-generated subjective global assessment,PG-SGA)评分。在患者术前腹部CT图像上测量脐平面及全腹内脏脂肪容积(visceral fat volume,VFV)、皮下脂肪容积(subcutaneous fat volume,SFV),计算内脏与皮下脂肪容积比(visceral-to-subcutaneous fat volume ratio,VSR)、内脏脂肪百分比(visceral fat percentage,VF%);测量腰3横突平面及腰3椎体水平骨骼肌容积(skeletal muscle volume,SMV),计算骨骼肌指数(skeletal muscle index,SMI)。分析CT测量指标与临床营养评分及定量指标的相关性。结果单次腹部脂肪及骨骼肌CT测量结果与NRS2002及PG-SGA评分无相关性。二维与三维测量的VFV、SFV呈正相关(r=0.906、0.921,P<0.001)。VFV、SFV与患者BMI呈正相关(P<0.001)。SMI、二维及三维SMV与右上臂肌围及握力呈正相关(P<0.001)。结论腹部脂肪及骨骼肌CT测量指标与临床营养评估定量指标具有相关性,对胃癌患者营养评估具有一定价值。

增强动脉期CT影像组学特征联合临床术前预测胃癌脉管浸润

目的观察增强动脉期CT影像组学特征联合临床术前预测胃癌脉管浸润(LVI)的价值。方法回顾性纳入298例胃癌患者,根据是否伴LVI将其分为阳性组(n=155)及阴性组(n=143),并按7∶3比例分为训练集(n=208)及测试集(n=90)。基于增强动脉期CT图提取病灶影像组学特征,采用logistic回归分析筛选胃癌LVI的临床影响因素;分别采用支持向量机(SVM)、逻辑回归(LR)、随机森林(RF)及极端梯度提升树(XGBoost)建立影像组学模型、临床模型及临床-影像组学模型,评估各模型预测胃癌LVI的效能。结果以SVM、LR、RF及XGBoost建立的影像组学模型预测训练集胃癌LVI的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.896、0.821、1.000及1.000,其在测试集的AUC分别为0.744、0.801、0.740及0.747。基于4种机器学习建立的临床模型在训练集的AUC均为0.810,在测试集均为0.840。基于SVM、LR、RF及XGBoost建立的临床-影像组学模型预测训练集胃癌LVI的AUC分别为0.920、0.900、1.000及1.000,其在测试集的AUC分别为0.900、0.890、0.840及0.790。测试集中,基于SVM、LR及RF的临床-影像组学模型的AUC均大于影像组学模型和临床模型(P均<0.05)。结论增强动脉期CT影像组学联合临床有助于术前预测胃癌LVI。

临床及CT影像组学特征预测胃癌微卫星高度不稳定状态

目的观察临床和CT影像组学特征用于预测胃癌微卫星高度不稳定(MSI-H)状态的价值。方法纳入150例胃癌患者,MSI-H阳性30例、阴性120例;按7∶3比例将其分为训练集(n=105)和验证集(n=45)。基于腹部静脉期增强CT图提取病灶影像组学特征并加以筛选,计算影像组学评分(Radscore);比较训练集和验证集MSI-H阳性与阴性患者临床资料及Radscore差异;分别基于其间差异有统计学意义的临床因素和Radscore构建临床模型、CT影像组学模型及临床-CT影像组学联合模型,评估其预测胃癌MSI-H状态的价值。结果训练集和验证集中,MSI-H阳性与阴性肿瘤位置、Radscore差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。临床模型、CT影像组学模型及联合模型评估训练集胃癌MSI-H状态的曲线下面积(AUC)分别0.760、0.799及0.864,在验证集分别为0.735、0.812及0.849;联合模型的AUC大于2种单一模型(P均<0.05)。结论基于肿瘤位置和Radscore的临床-CT影像组学联合特征可有效预测胃癌MSI-H状态。

CT动态容积灌注成像检出早期胃癌并评估其病理分型

目的 观察CT动态容积灌注(DVPCT)成像检出早期胃癌并鉴别其病理分型的价值。方法 回顾性分析127例经病理证实的早期胃癌患者,根据术前检查方式分为增强CT组(n=67)或DVPCT组(n=60);比较组间一般资料、CT资料,以及DVPCT组内胃印戒细胞癌(SRCC)与胃腺癌的强化程度、门静脉期与延迟期峰值期相及峰值时间;绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线,计算曲线下面积,评估DVPCT时间-密度曲线(TDC)鉴别早期SRCC与腺癌的效能。结果 DVPCT组肿瘤检出率、剂量长度乘积及有效剂量均高于增强CT组(P均<0.05);2组患者年龄、性别、病理分型、肿瘤位置及肿瘤最大径差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。52例(52/60,86.67%)经DVPCT检出早期胃癌的患者中,SRCC 12例、腺癌39例、黏液腺癌1例;其中,早期胃SRCC与早期胃腺癌患者肿瘤强化程度、门静脉期及延迟期峰值期相及峰值时间差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。以峰值时间37.3 s为最佳截断值,DVPCT TDC鉴别早期胃SRCC与早期胃腺癌的敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值、准确率及曲线下面积分别为83.33%、84.62%、62.50%、94.29%、84.31%及0.895。结论 DVPCT检出早期胃癌效果优于常规增强CT;TDC可有效鉴别早期胃SRCC与早期胃腺癌。