Stone cells have been described to substantially influence pear fruit quality,as lignin and cellulose are the main components of stone cells.However,there are limited studies on the relationship between the variation ...Stone cells have been described to substantially influence pear fruit quality,as lignin and cellulose are the main components of stone cells.However,there are limited studies on the relationship between the variation and molecular basis of stone cells,lignin and cellulose content among different pear varieties.Here,to reveal the variation of stone cell content within different cultivated species,we collected 236 germplasms of sand pear(Pyrus pyrifolia)at 50 days after flower blooming(DAFB),the key stage of stone cell formation.In our results,we measured the content of stone cells,lignin and cellulose and found that these contents ranged from2.82%to 29.00%,8.84%to 55.30%and 11.52%to 30.55%,respectively.Further analysis showed that the variation coefficient of stone cell,lignin and cellulose content was 39.10%,28.03%and 16.71%,respectively.Additionally,a significant correlation between stone cell,lignin and cellulose content were detected,and the correlation coefficient between the contents of stone cell and lignin(0.912)was higher than between the contents of stone cell and cellulose(0.796).Moreover,the average lignin content(29.73%)was higher than the average cellulose content(18.03%)in stone cells in pear fruits,indicating that lignin is the main component of stone cell in pears.Finally,on the basic of the transcriptome data,we identified 10 transcription factors belonging to bHLH,ERF,MYB,and NAC transcript families,which might be involved in lignin formation in stone cells.qRT-PCR experiments verified coincident trends between expression of candidate genes and stone cell content.This research laid foundation for future studies on genetic variation of stone cells in pear fruits and provided important gene resources for stone cell regulation.展开更多
<strong>Introduction:</strong> Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a genetic disease affecting hemoglobin development. Complications may occur in all organs due to sickle cell hemoglobin. Gallstones may develop a...<strong>Introduction:</strong> Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a genetic disease affecting hemoglobin development. Complications may occur in all organs due to sickle cell hemoglobin. Gallstones may develop as the complication of the biliary system in SCD. <strong>Aim:</strong> To calculate the prevalence and severity of the biliary system complications in SCD. <strong>Method:</strong> A total of 220 patients with homozygous SCD were recruited. The prevalence of gallstones was estimated, and the severity of the biliary system complications was classified according to the condition of the gallstones;it was classified as grade 0 when no gallstones were detected, grade 1 when gallstones were present only in the gallbladder, grade 2 when gallstones were present in both the gallbladder and the common bile duct, and grade 3 when the patient had cholecystectomy due to gallstones. <strong>Results:</strong> The overall prevalence of gallstones and cholecystectomy was 51%;it was 22% in females and 29% in males. The prevalence of the severity of grade 0 was 49%, grade 1 was 14%, and grade 3 was 37%. Grade 2 prevalence was not calculated because this study was based on abdominal ultrasound only. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> The prevalence of gallstones in SCD is much higher than in the normal population, and more in males than in females. It begins at an early age during childhood due to several underlying etiological factors related to SCD. This study provided a simple grading of severity for the biliary system based on the gallbladder stone complication. The severity calculation in the biliary system is a part of the assessment of the severity in other systems in this multisystem chronic disorder.展开更多
目的研究二甲双胍(metformin,Met)通过抑制NF-κBNLRP3通路改善草酸钙(Calcium Oxalate,CaOx)诱导人肾小管上皮细胞(HK-2)损伤。方法分别随机将人肾小管上皮细胞分成对照组、实验组(CaOx+HK-2)、高浓度Met组(CaOx+HK-2+1.2 mM Met)、低...目的研究二甲双胍(metformin,Met)通过抑制NF-κBNLRP3通路改善草酸钙(Calcium Oxalate,CaOx)诱导人肾小管上皮细胞(HK-2)损伤。方法分别随机将人肾小管上皮细胞分成对照组、实验组(CaOx+HK-2)、高浓度Met组(CaOx+HK-2+1.2 mM Met)、低浓度Met组(CaOx+HK-2+0.80 mM Met)、通路干预组(CaOx+HK-2+PDTC)五组。各组细胞培养24 h,采用酶联免疫吸附测定(Elisa)法检测细胞上清液中炎症因子(IL-6、IL-18、IL-1β),采用逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)法检测细胞中NF-κB、NLRP3、骨桥蛋白(OPN)mRNA。结果各组间细胞上清液IL-6、IL-18、IL-1β含量相比差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05);各组间细胞中NF-κBmRNA表达量、NLRP3mRNA表达量、OPNmRNA表达量相比差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论1.20 mmol/L或0.80 mmol/L Met可以通过抑制NF-κB/NLRP3通路调控下游的炎症相关蛋白及黏附蛋白表达,继而改善CaOx诱导人肾小管上皮细胞损伤及减少草酸钙肾结石形成。展开更多
目的 考察坏死性凋亡抑制剂及分子量为4 000的聚乙二醇(PEG-4000)对小鼠肾小管上皮细胞TCMK-1表面一水草酸钙(COM)晶体黏附沉积的影响。方法 分别用400、800μg/m L COM作用于TCMK-1细胞,或先用受体相互作用的丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶(RIP...目的 考察坏死性凋亡抑制剂及分子量为4 000的聚乙二醇(PEG-4000)对小鼠肾小管上皮细胞TCMK-1表面一水草酸钙(COM)晶体黏附沉积的影响。方法 分别用400、800μg/m L COM作用于TCMK-1细胞,或先用受体相互作用的丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶(RIPK) 3抑制剂GSK-872预处理后再加入400、800μg/m L COM处理TCMK-1细胞,37℃孵育12 h后在倒置相差显微镜下观察细胞表面晶体黏附情况,用CCK-8法检测细胞增殖活性,2’,7’-二氯二氢荧光素二乙酸酯(DCFH-DA)探针法检测细胞氧化应激水平,蛋白质印迹法检测坏死性凋亡相关蛋白RIPK1、RIPK3、磷酸化混合谱系激酶结构域样蛋白(p-MLKL)的表达,电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP)检测细胞表面晶体黏附量。将TCMK-1细胞分为3组,分别用800μg/m L COM、先用PEG-4000溶液再加入800μg/m L COM、先用800μg/m L COM再加入PEG-4000溶液处理细胞,37℃孵育12 h后在倒置相差显微镜下观察细胞表面晶体黏附情况,CCK-8法检测细胞增殖活性、DCFH-DA探针法检测细胞氧化应激水平,ICP检测细胞表面晶体黏附量。结果 400μg/m L COM作用时,与COM处理组相比,GSK-872预处理组中TCMK-1细胞晶体黏附量减少、细胞增殖活性增强(P<0.05)、氧化应激水平降低(P<0.05);800μg/m L COM作用时,与COM处理组相比,GSK-872预处理组中TCMK-1细胞晶体黏附量无明显变化、细胞增殖活性增强(P<0.05)、氧化应激水平降低(P<0.05)、RIPK3和p-MLKL表达减少(P<0.05)。与COM处理组相比,PEG-4000预处理组TCMK-1细胞晶体黏附量明显减少、细胞增殖活性增强、氧化应激水平降低(P均<0.05),而后加入PEG-4000组与COM处理组相比晶体黏附量、细胞增殖活性、氧化应激水平均无明显变化(P均>0.05)。结论 用GSK-872抑制坏死性凋亡可以一定程度减少COM在细胞表面黏附沉积,但在较高的晶体负荷下晶体可在细胞表面聚集形成不定型沉淀。在培养基中使用PEG-4000预处理能够使COM微晶粒在悬液中保持悬浮稳定,减少晶体聚集沉积及细胞黏附和细胞氧化应激损伤;但充分接触COM晶体后的TCMK-1细胞再加入PEG-4000不能逆转晶体细胞黏附聚集沉淀。展开更多
基金the National Key Research and Development Program(Grant No.2018YFD1000200)the Earmarked Fund for Jiangsu Agricultural Industry Technology System(Grant No.JATS[2019]420)the Earmarked Fund for China Agriculture Research System(Grant No.CARS-28).
文摘Stone cells have been described to substantially influence pear fruit quality,as lignin and cellulose are the main components of stone cells.However,there are limited studies on the relationship between the variation and molecular basis of stone cells,lignin and cellulose content among different pear varieties.Here,to reveal the variation of stone cell content within different cultivated species,we collected 236 germplasms of sand pear(Pyrus pyrifolia)at 50 days after flower blooming(DAFB),the key stage of stone cell formation.In our results,we measured the content of stone cells,lignin and cellulose and found that these contents ranged from2.82%to 29.00%,8.84%to 55.30%and 11.52%to 30.55%,respectively.Further analysis showed that the variation coefficient of stone cell,lignin and cellulose content was 39.10%,28.03%and 16.71%,respectively.Additionally,a significant correlation between stone cell,lignin and cellulose content were detected,and the correlation coefficient between the contents of stone cell and lignin(0.912)was higher than between the contents of stone cell and cellulose(0.796).Moreover,the average lignin content(29.73%)was higher than the average cellulose content(18.03%)in stone cells in pear fruits,indicating that lignin is the main component of stone cell in pears.Finally,on the basic of the transcriptome data,we identified 10 transcription factors belonging to bHLH,ERF,MYB,and NAC transcript families,which might be involved in lignin formation in stone cells.qRT-PCR experiments verified coincident trends between expression of candidate genes and stone cell content.This research laid foundation for future studies on genetic variation of stone cells in pear fruits and provided important gene resources for stone cell regulation.
文摘<strong>Introduction:</strong> Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a genetic disease affecting hemoglobin development. Complications may occur in all organs due to sickle cell hemoglobin. Gallstones may develop as the complication of the biliary system in SCD. <strong>Aim:</strong> To calculate the prevalence and severity of the biliary system complications in SCD. <strong>Method:</strong> A total of 220 patients with homozygous SCD were recruited. The prevalence of gallstones was estimated, and the severity of the biliary system complications was classified according to the condition of the gallstones;it was classified as grade 0 when no gallstones were detected, grade 1 when gallstones were present only in the gallbladder, grade 2 when gallstones were present in both the gallbladder and the common bile duct, and grade 3 when the patient had cholecystectomy due to gallstones. <strong>Results:</strong> The overall prevalence of gallstones and cholecystectomy was 51%;it was 22% in females and 29% in males. The prevalence of the severity of grade 0 was 49%, grade 1 was 14%, and grade 3 was 37%. Grade 2 prevalence was not calculated because this study was based on abdominal ultrasound only. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> The prevalence of gallstones in SCD is much higher than in the normal population, and more in males than in females. It begins at an early age during childhood due to several underlying etiological factors related to SCD. This study provided a simple grading of severity for the biliary system based on the gallbladder stone complication. The severity calculation in the biliary system is a part of the assessment of the severity in other systems in this multisystem chronic disorder.
文摘目的研究二甲双胍(metformin,Met)通过抑制NF-κBNLRP3通路改善草酸钙(Calcium Oxalate,CaOx)诱导人肾小管上皮细胞(HK-2)损伤。方法分别随机将人肾小管上皮细胞分成对照组、实验组(CaOx+HK-2)、高浓度Met组(CaOx+HK-2+1.2 mM Met)、低浓度Met组(CaOx+HK-2+0.80 mM Met)、通路干预组(CaOx+HK-2+PDTC)五组。各组细胞培养24 h,采用酶联免疫吸附测定(Elisa)法检测细胞上清液中炎症因子(IL-6、IL-18、IL-1β),采用逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)法检测细胞中NF-κB、NLRP3、骨桥蛋白(OPN)mRNA。结果各组间细胞上清液IL-6、IL-18、IL-1β含量相比差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05);各组间细胞中NF-κBmRNA表达量、NLRP3mRNA表达量、OPNmRNA表达量相比差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论1.20 mmol/L或0.80 mmol/L Met可以通过抑制NF-κB/NLRP3通路调控下游的炎症相关蛋白及黏附蛋白表达,继而改善CaOx诱导人肾小管上皮细胞损伤及减少草酸钙肾结石形成。
文摘目的 考察坏死性凋亡抑制剂及分子量为4 000的聚乙二醇(PEG-4000)对小鼠肾小管上皮细胞TCMK-1表面一水草酸钙(COM)晶体黏附沉积的影响。方法 分别用400、800μg/m L COM作用于TCMK-1细胞,或先用受体相互作用的丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶(RIPK) 3抑制剂GSK-872预处理后再加入400、800μg/m L COM处理TCMK-1细胞,37℃孵育12 h后在倒置相差显微镜下观察细胞表面晶体黏附情况,用CCK-8法检测细胞增殖活性,2’,7’-二氯二氢荧光素二乙酸酯(DCFH-DA)探针法检测细胞氧化应激水平,蛋白质印迹法检测坏死性凋亡相关蛋白RIPK1、RIPK3、磷酸化混合谱系激酶结构域样蛋白(p-MLKL)的表达,电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP)检测细胞表面晶体黏附量。将TCMK-1细胞分为3组,分别用800μg/m L COM、先用PEG-4000溶液再加入800μg/m L COM、先用800μg/m L COM再加入PEG-4000溶液处理细胞,37℃孵育12 h后在倒置相差显微镜下观察细胞表面晶体黏附情况,CCK-8法检测细胞增殖活性、DCFH-DA探针法检测细胞氧化应激水平,ICP检测细胞表面晶体黏附量。结果 400μg/m L COM作用时,与COM处理组相比,GSK-872预处理组中TCMK-1细胞晶体黏附量减少、细胞增殖活性增强(P<0.05)、氧化应激水平降低(P<0.05);800μg/m L COM作用时,与COM处理组相比,GSK-872预处理组中TCMK-1细胞晶体黏附量无明显变化、细胞增殖活性增强(P<0.05)、氧化应激水平降低(P<0.05)、RIPK3和p-MLKL表达减少(P<0.05)。与COM处理组相比,PEG-4000预处理组TCMK-1细胞晶体黏附量明显减少、细胞增殖活性增强、氧化应激水平降低(P均<0.05),而后加入PEG-4000组与COM处理组相比晶体黏附量、细胞增殖活性、氧化应激水平均无明显变化(P均>0.05)。结论 用GSK-872抑制坏死性凋亡可以一定程度减少COM在细胞表面黏附沉积,但在较高的晶体负荷下晶体可在细胞表面聚集形成不定型沉淀。在培养基中使用PEG-4000预处理能够使COM微晶粒在悬液中保持悬浮稳定,减少晶体聚集沉积及细胞黏附和细胞氧化应激损伤;但充分接触COM晶体后的TCMK-1细胞再加入PEG-4000不能逆转晶体细胞黏附聚集沉淀。
