A three-way catalyst comprised novel oxygen storage components for emission control in natural gas powered engines was prepared. The addition of novel oxygen storage components to the Pd/γ-Al2O3 catalysts resulted ...A three-way catalyst comprised novel oxygen storage components for emission control in natural gas powered engines was prepared. The addition of novel oxygen storage components to the Pd/γ-Al2O3 catalysts resulted in improved activities of the fresh and aged catalyst by lowering the light-off temperature for methane in natural gas engines exhaust.展开更多
The proposed site for the construction of a new dam(Laleni Dam)on the Tsitsa River in the Eastern Cape,South Africa falls within a high soil erosion zone,which is expected to affect the lifespan of the dam.Estimating ...The proposed site for the construction of a new dam(Laleni Dam)on the Tsitsa River in the Eastern Cape,South Africa falls within a high soil erosion zone,which is expected to affect the lifespan of the dam.Estimating the sediment yield of the catchment is important from a management perspective,and thus we designed this study to assess the applicability of the Modified Universal Soil Loss Equation(MUSLE).The original MUSLE was applied to the Inxu River sub catchment,upstream of a proposed dam,over a summer rainfall period extending from October 2016 to April 2017.A modified version of the MUSLE,incorporating a storage module,was later applied over the same period.Model calibration of the MUSLE with and without a storage model was tested against 7 months of recorded daily suspended sediment discharge data.With a storage model,we achieved a percentage bias,coefficient of efficiency and R2 of 2%,0.83 and 0.83,respectively,while without storage the performance statistics were markedly lower.These results suggest that a calibrated MUSLE can provide estimates of sediment yield that are valuable for regional planning,and that the inclusion of a storage component further improves the MUSLE application.Given the complexity of sediment generation and transport processes,a relatively simple empirical MUSLE model is a useful tool for initial sediment yield estimation for planning purposes.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No:20273043)the Ministry of Education of China for providing financial support for this project
文摘A three-way catalyst comprised novel oxygen storage components for emission control in natural gas powered engines was prepared. The addition of novel oxygen storage components to the Pd/γ-Al2O3 catalysts resulted in improved activities of the fresh and aged catalyst by lowering the light-off temperature for methane in natural gas engines exhaust.
基金supported by the Water Research Commission of South Africa under project K5/2448,which also provided partial support for the post-graduate bursary for the first authorAdditional post-graduate financial support was provided by the Carnegie Corporation of New York under the Regional Initiative for Science Education(RISE)programme of the Carnegie Corporation of New York and the Oppenheimer Memorial Trust(OMT)+1 种基金The Department of Environment,Forestry and Fisheries(DEFF),Chief Directorate:Natural Resource Management Programmes(NRM)Directorate:Operational Support and Planning provided financial support to conduct the sediment sampling programme and post-graduate funding for the second author.
文摘The proposed site for the construction of a new dam(Laleni Dam)on the Tsitsa River in the Eastern Cape,South Africa falls within a high soil erosion zone,which is expected to affect the lifespan of the dam.Estimating the sediment yield of the catchment is important from a management perspective,and thus we designed this study to assess the applicability of the Modified Universal Soil Loss Equation(MUSLE).The original MUSLE was applied to the Inxu River sub catchment,upstream of a proposed dam,over a summer rainfall period extending from October 2016 to April 2017.A modified version of the MUSLE,incorporating a storage module,was later applied over the same period.Model calibration of the MUSLE with and without a storage model was tested against 7 months of recorded daily suspended sediment discharge data.With a storage model,we achieved a percentage bias,coefficient of efficiency and R2 of 2%,0.83 and 0.83,respectively,while without storage the performance statistics were markedly lower.These results suggest that a calibrated MUSLE can provide estimates of sediment yield that are valuable for regional planning,and that the inclusion of a storage component further improves the MUSLE application.Given the complexity of sediment generation and transport processes,a relatively simple empirical MUSLE model is a useful tool for initial sediment yield estimation for planning purposes.
