Battery energy storage system(BESS)has already been studied to deal with uncertain parameters of the electrical systems such as loads and renewable energies.However,the BESS have not been properly studied under unbala...Battery energy storage system(BESS)has already been studied to deal with uncertain parameters of the electrical systems such as loads and renewable energies.However,the BESS have not been properly studied under unbalanced operation of power grids.This paper aims to study the modelling and operation of BESS under unbalanced-uncertain conditions in the power grids.The proposed model manages the BESS to optimize energy cost,deal with load uncertainties,and settle the unbalanced loading at the same time.The three-phase unbalanced-uncertain loads are modelled and the BESSs are utilized to produce separate charging/discharging pattern on each phase to remove the unbalanced condition.The IEEE 69-bus grid is considered as case study.The load uncertainty is developed by Gaussian probability function and the stochastic programming is adopted to tackle the uncertainties.The model is formulated as mixed-integer linear programming and solved by GAMS/CPLEX.The results demonstrate that the model is able to deal with the unbalanced-uncertain conditions at the same time.The model also minimizes the operation cost and satisfies all security constraints of power grid.展开更多
Increasing wind power integration and coal-fired unit retirements increases the strain on the power system’s spinning reserve and increases the pressure on peak regulation.With the ability to stock extra power genera...Increasing wind power integration and coal-fired unit retirements increases the strain on the power system’s spinning reserve and increases the pressure on peak regulation.With the ability to stock extra power generation and supply the peak load,the energy storage system(ESS)can alleviate the rising demand on the spinning reserve and play an increasingly important role in the power system.In this paper,a trilevel robust ESS planning model is proposed to accommodate uncertain wind power investment as well as coal-fired unit retirement.The upper-level of this model is to determine the planning scheme of ESSs,which iteratively takes the worst-case scenario of wind power investment and coal-fired unit retirement into consideration.The middle-level and lower-level of this model are to make the optimal daily economic dispatch under the worst-case realizations of uncertainties.We derive an equivalent reformulation of the proposed robust ESS planning model and solve it with a dual column-and-constraint generation algorithm.Case studies are conducted using the IEEE RTS-79 system.The results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed planning method in comparison with other methods.Furthermore,the effects of the capital cost of ESS,the expected proportion of wind power,and the uncertainty budget on the development of ESS are studied.Taking the uncertainties of unit retirement and wind power investment into consideration achieves a better trade-off between the ESS investment cost and the operational cost.展开更多
文摘Battery energy storage system(BESS)has already been studied to deal with uncertain parameters of the electrical systems such as loads and renewable energies.However,the BESS have not been properly studied under unbalanced operation of power grids.This paper aims to study the modelling and operation of BESS under unbalanced-uncertain conditions in the power grids.The proposed model manages the BESS to optimize energy cost,deal with load uncertainties,and settle the unbalanced loading at the same time.The three-phase unbalanced-uncertain loads are modelled and the BESSs are utilized to produce separate charging/discharging pattern on each phase to remove the unbalanced condition.The IEEE 69-bus grid is considered as case study.The load uncertainty is developed by Gaussian probability function and the stochastic programming is adopted to tackle the uncertainties.The model is formulated as mixed-integer linear programming and solved by GAMS/CPLEX.The results demonstrate that the model is able to deal with the unbalanced-uncertain conditions at the same time.The model also minimizes the operation cost and satisfies all security constraints of power grid.
基金This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2016YFB0900100)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51907123,51807116).
文摘Increasing wind power integration and coal-fired unit retirements increases the strain on the power system’s spinning reserve and increases the pressure on peak regulation.With the ability to stock extra power generation and supply the peak load,the energy storage system(ESS)can alleviate the rising demand on the spinning reserve and play an increasingly important role in the power system.In this paper,a trilevel robust ESS planning model is proposed to accommodate uncertain wind power investment as well as coal-fired unit retirement.The upper-level of this model is to determine the planning scheme of ESSs,which iteratively takes the worst-case scenario of wind power investment and coal-fired unit retirement into consideration.The middle-level and lower-level of this model are to make the optimal daily economic dispatch under the worst-case realizations of uncertainties.We derive an equivalent reformulation of the proposed robust ESS planning model and solve it with a dual column-and-constraint generation algorithm.Case studies are conducted using the IEEE RTS-79 system.The results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed planning method in comparison with other methods.Furthermore,the effects of the capital cost of ESS,the expected proportion of wind power,and the uncertainty budget on the development of ESS are studied.Taking the uncertainties of unit retirement and wind power investment into consideration achieves a better trade-off between the ESS investment cost and the operational cost.
