The integration of battery energy storage systems(BESS)throughout our energy chain poses concerns regarding safety,especially since batteries have high energy density and numerous BESS failure events have occurred.Wid...The integration of battery energy storage systems(BESS)throughout our energy chain poses concerns regarding safety,especially since batteries have high energy density and numerous BESS failure events have occurred.Wider spread adoption will only increase the prevalence of these failure events unless there is a step change in the management and design of BESS.To understand the causes of failure,the main challenges of BESS safety are summarised.BESS consequences and failure events are discussed,including specific focus on the chain of events causing thermal runaway,and a case study of a BESS explosion in Surprise Arizona is analysed.Based on the technology and past events,a paradigm shift is required to improve BESS safety.In this review,a holistic approach is proposed.This combines currently adopted approaches including battery cell testing,lumped cell mathematical modelling,and calorimetry,alongside additional measures taken to ensure BESS safety including the requirement for computational fluid dynamics and kinetic modelling,assessment of installation level testing of the full BESS system and not simply a single cell battery test,hazard and layers of protection analysis,gas chromatography,and composition testing.The holistic approach proposed in this study aims to address challenges of BESS safety and form the basis of a paradigm shift in the safety management and design of these systems.展开更多
将PEBB(Power Electronic Building Block)技术应用在电力储能领域,构建基于PEBB的新型储能变流器,克服了传统变流器的一系列缺点。经试验证实,构建的变流器在对阀控密封式铅酸蓄电池(VRLA)充放电时,能获得较好的电流、电压波形,也满足...将PEBB(Power Electronic Building Block)技术应用在电力储能领域,构建基于PEBB的新型储能变流器,克服了传统变流器的一系列缺点。经试验证实,构建的变流器在对阀控密封式铅酸蓄电池(VRLA)充放电时,能获得较好的电流、电压波形,也满足电网谐波的要求,起到了"削峰填谷"的作用。展开更多
High quality of security and guaranteed real-time requirements are two key goals of mission- critical embedded storage systems. But most existing real-time disk scheduling algorithms do not consider improving security...High quality of security and guaranteed real-time requirements are two key goals of mission- critical embedded storage systems. But most existing real-time disk scheduling algorithms do not consider improving security performance of disk requests. A security-aware periodic-write （SAPW） scheduling algorithm is proposed to judiciously select appropriate security level for each disk request to maximize security value of N periodic disk users, while without sacrificing timing constraint of each user. Simulation results show the significant effectiveness of SAPW algorithm, and the average security improvement is up to 223.6% over other three algorithms.展开更多
文摘The integration of battery energy storage systems(BESS)throughout our energy chain poses concerns regarding safety,especially since batteries have high energy density and numerous BESS failure events have occurred.Wider spread adoption will only increase the prevalence of these failure events unless there is a step change in the management and design of BESS.To understand the causes of failure,the main challenges of BESS safety are summarised.BESS consequences and failure events are discussed,including specific focus on the chain of events causing thermal runaway,and a case study of a BESS explosion in Surprise Arizona is analysed.Based on the technology and past events,a paradigm shift is required to improve BESS safety.In this review,a holistic approach is proposed.This combines currently adopted approaches including battery cell testing,lumped cell mathematical modelling,and calorimetry,alongside additional measures taken to ensure BESS safety including the requirement for computational fluid dynamics and kinetic modelling,assessment of installation level testing of the full BESS system and not simply a single cell battery test,hazard and layers of protection analysis,gas chromatography,and composition testing.The holistic approach proposed in this study aims to address challenges of BESS safety and form the basis of a paradigm shift in the safety management and design of these systems.
文摘将PEBB(Power Electronic Building Block)技术应用在电力储能领域,构建基于PEBB的新型储能变流器,克服了传统变流器的一系列缺点。经试验证实,构建的变流器在对阀控密封式铅酸蓄电池(VRLA)充放电时,能获得较好的电流、电压波形,也满足电网谐波的要求,起到了"削峰填谷"的作用。
基金supported by the National 863 Program under Grant No.2006AA01Z173 and 2007AA01Z131
文摘High quality of security and guaranteed real-time requirements are two key goals of mission- critical embedded storage systems. But most existing real-time disk scheduling algorithms do not consider improving security performance of disk requests. A security-aware periodic-write （SAPW） scheduling algorithm is proposed to judiciously select appropriate security level for each disk request to maximize security value of N periodic disk users, while without sacrificing timing constraint of each user. Simulation results show the significant effectiveness of SAPW algorithm, and the average security improvement is up to 223.6% over other three algorithms.
