In order to achieve the acoustic signal distributed acquisition of stored grain pests, a novel acoustic signal acquisition system was presented based on the wireless sensor networks. And the system architecture, hardw...In order to achieve the acoustic signal distributed acquisition of stored grain pests, a novel acoustic signal acquisition system was presented based on the wireless sensor networks. And the system architecture, hardware configuration, and software were introduced in detail. Considering bandwidth limitation of wireless sensor networks, random sampling algorithm based on the compressed sensing theory was proposed. The developed acoustic signal acquisition system was applied in sampling the crawl acoustic signal of Tribolinm castaneum Herbst adults in granary. Preliminary experimentation indicated the rationality and practicability of the developed system and the proposed algorithm. They can implement the remote, real-time, and reliable wireless transmission for the acoustic signal sampled data of multiple points stored grain pests effectively.展开更多
Insects are major pests of stored grains. In sub Sahara Africa, stored grain insect pests are mainly Coleoptera or Lepidoptera. In the Logone Valley, area covering the Far North Region of Cameroon and South-West of Ch...Insects are major pests of stored grains. In sub Sahara Africa, stored grain insect pests are mainly Coleoptera or Lepidoptera. In the Logone Valley, area covering the Far North Region of Cameroon and South-West of Chad, to our knowledge, the diversity of insect pests noxious to stored products is not established. These beetles and weevils （Insecta：Coleoptera） during their development depreciate food in storage, were able to destroy a whole stock in a very short period of time if no protection of stored food is made. To achieve the diversity of insect pests, inspections of granaries were done in 209 villages of Logone Valley where insect pests were collected and identified. Secondly, the stored grains were sampled in peasant＇s granaries of Logone Valley and reared in incubators in the Unit of Entomological Research of the University of Ngaound6r6. After their emergence, insects were removed, collected and identified. Their noxious efficiency on stored grains is done by the calculation of the density of each insect pests per gram of grains. This study indicates that 12 species of harmful insects attack cereals and leguminous grains in the Logone Valley during storage. The Bruchids were the main insect pests of legumes. Callosobruchus maculatus was the main pest of legume and attacking mainly cowpeas （34.92 bruchids/g of seed） and peanuts （20.75 bruchids/g of seed）. Seven harmful species destroy the cereals. Sitophilus zeamais is the main pest of maize （15.86 weevils/g of maize） and S. oryzae, for sorghum （36.59 weevils/g of maize）. Tribolium castaneum were the main secondary pest. T. castaneum infests both cereals and leguminous. This work summarizes the importance and the diversification of stored grain pests in Logone Valley. Knowing the pest diversity is an important step in the strategy to develop a friendly and ecological control method of these harmful insects.展开更多
Pests detecting is an important research subject in grain storage field.In the past decades,many edge detection methods have been applied to the edge detection of stored grain pests.Although some of them can realize t...Pests detecting is an important research subject in grain storage field.In the past decades,many edge detection methods have been applied to the edge detection of stored grain pests.Although some of them can realize the stored grain pests detecting,precision and robustness are not good enough.Spectral residual(SR)saliency edge detection defines the logarithmic spectrumof image as novelty part of the image information.The remaining spectrumis converted to the airspace to obtain edge detection results.SR algorithm is completely based on frequency domain processing.It not only can effectively simplify the target detection algorithm,but also can improve the effectiveness of target recognition.The experimental results show that the edge results of stored grain pests detected by SR method are effective and stable.展开更多
Diatomaceous earth （DE） is a natural inert dust used to control insect pests in stored grain as an alternative to synthetic residual insecticides. Various DE formulations are now registered as a grain protectant or ...Diatomaceous earth （DE） is a natural inert dust used to control insect pests in stored grain as an alternative to synthetic residual insecticides. Various DE formulations are now registered as a grain protectant or for structural treatment in many different countries throughout the world. The mode of action of DE is through the absorption of cuticular waxes in the insect cuticle, and insect death occurs from desiccation. The main advantages of using DE are its low mammalian toxicity and its stability. The main limitations to widespread commercial use of DE are reduction of the bulk density and flowability of grain, irritant hazards during application and reduction in efficacy at high moisture contents. This paper is an updated review of published results of researches related to the use of DEs and discusses their potential use in large-scale, commercial storage and in small scale applications.展开更多
The suppressive ability of entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana alone and in combination with diatomaceous earth (DE) was studied against the larvae of Indian meal moth, Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) (Lep....The suppressive ability of entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana alone and in combination with diatomaceous earth (DE) was studied against the larvae of Indian meal moth, Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) (Lep., Pyralidae). This study clearly showed that simultaneous use of B. bassiana and DE against larvae of P. interpunctella, not only could reduce the required concentration of fungal conidia or DE, but also could shorten the time need for showing insecticidal effects. The LC50 value of fungus at 7 d after treatment was 9.8 × 105 conidia mg-1 diet. Larvae showed a dose response to B. bassiana, and the addition of diatomaceous earth at 500 and 2000 ppm resulted in a significant increase in mortality. Larval mortality reached to the maximum of 28.3% and 71.7% after 7 d exposure to 500 and 2000 ppm DE concentrations, respectively. The LC50 value for B. bassiana in the presence of DE 500 ppm was 4.6 × 104 con. mg-1 diet and of DE 2000 ppm was 1.65 × 103 con. mg-1 diet. According to our results, B. bassiana and DE can be considered as two suitable candidates for integration into IPM strategy.展开更多
The use of botanical pesticides in pest management during storage against insects is often encouraged because synthetic insecticides produce multiple side-effects on human health and environment. Insecticidal activity...The use of botanical pesticides in pest management during storage against insects is often encouraged because synthetic insecticides produce multiple side-effects on human health and environment. Insecticidal activity of the hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of bark ofAfrostyrax lepidophyllus was tested on Sitophilus zeama~：~, Tribolium castaneum and Rhy-opertha dominica. The mortality rate was measured variable. The results of analysis showed that the mortality rate has a very highly significant variation following extracts, doses, insects and time considered （P 〈 0.001）. Extracts with ethyl acetate and hexane of A. lepidophyllus are effective against S. zeamais at the highest doses （1 g/10 mL and 0.5 g/10 mL of solvent）. These effective extracts werc characterized by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Molecules such as thiocyanic acid, ethyl ester： dimetbylditbiophosphinic acid and other were characterizated. These results may consolidate traditional use ofA. lepidophylh^s in pest management.展开更多
文摘In order to achieve the acoustic signal distributed acquisition of stored grain pests, a novel acoustic signal acquisition system was presented based on the wireless sensor networks. And the system architecture, hardware configuration, and software were introduced in detail. Considering bandwidth limitation of wireless sensor networks, random sampling algorithm based on the compressed sensing theory was proposed. The developed acoustic signal acquisition system was applied in sampling the crawl acoustic signal of Tribolinm castaneum Herbst adults in granary. Preliminary experimentation indicated the rationality and practicability of the developed system and the proposed algorithm. They can implement the remote, real-time, and reliable wireless transmission for the acoustic signal sampled data of multiple points stored grain pests effectively.
文摘Insects are major pests of stored grains. In sub Sahara Africa, stored grain insect pests are mainly Coleoptera or Lepidoptera. In the Logone Valley, area covering the Far North Region of Cameroon and South-West of Chad, to our knowledge, the diversity of insect pests noxious to stored products is not established. These beetles and weevils （Insecta：Coleoptera） during their development depreciate food in storage, were able to destroy a whole stock in a very short period of time if no protection of stored food is made. To achieve the diversity of insect pests, inspections of granaries were done in 209 villages of Logone Valley where insect pests were collected and identified. Secondly, the stored grains were sampled in peasant＇s granaries of Logone Valley and reared in incubators in the Unit of Entomological Research of the University of Ngaound6r6. After their emergence, insects were removed, collected and identified. Their noxious efficiency on stored grains is done by the calculation of the density of each insect pests per gram of grains. This study indicates that 12 species of harmful insects attack cereals and leguminous grains in the Logone Valley during storage. The Bruchids were the main insect pests of legumes. Callosobruchus maculatus was the main pest of legume and attacking mainly cowpeas （34.92 bruchids/g of seed） and peanuts （20.75 bruchids/g of seed）. Seven harmful species destroy the cereals. Sitophilus zeamais is the main pest of maize （15.86 weevils/g of maize） and S. oryzae, for sorghum （36.59 weevils/g of maize）. Tribolium castaneum were the main secondary pest. T. castaneum infests both cereals and leguminous. This work summarizes the importance and the diversification of stored grain pests in Logone Valley. Knowing the pest diversity is an important step in the strategy to develop a friendly and ecological control method of these harmful insects.
基金financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61871176)Key Scientific and Technological Project of Science and Technology Department of Henan Province(No.172102210030,182102110099)+2 种基金Key Scientific Research Project Program of Universities of Henan Province(No.18B520025)Open Fund of Key Laboratory of Grain Information Processing and Control(No.KFJJ-2018-102)supported by Collaborative Innovation Center of Grain Storage and Security of Henan Province
文摘Pests detecting is an important research subject in grain storage field.In the past decades,many edge detection methods have been applied to the edge detection of stored grain pests.Although some of them can realize the stored grain pests detecting,precision and robustness are not good enough.Spectral residual(SR)saliency edge detection defines the logarithmic spectrumof image as novelty part of the image information.The remaining spectrumis converted to the airspace to obtain edge detection results.SR algorithm is completely based on frequency domain processing.It not only can effectively simplify the target detection algorithm,but also can improve the effectiveness of target recognition.The experimental results show that the edge results of stored grain pests detected by SR method are effective and stable.
文摘Diatomaceous earth （DE） is a natural inert dust used to control insect pests in stored grain as an alternative to synthetic residual insecticides. Various DE formulations are now registered as a grain protectant or for structural treatment in many different countries throughout the world. The mode of action of DE is through the absorption of cuticular waxes in the insect cuticle, and insect death occurs from desiccation. The main advantages of using DE are its low mammalian toxicity and its stability. The main limitations to widespread commercial use of DE are reduction of the bulk density and flowability of grain, irritant hazards during application and reduction in efficacy at high moisture contents. This paper is an updated review of published results of researches related to the use of DEs and discusses their potential use in large-scale, commercial storage and in small scale applications.
文摘The suppressive ability of entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana alone and in combination with diatomaceous earth (DE) was studied against the larvae of Indian meal moth, Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) (Lep., Pyralidae). This study clearly showed that simultaneous use of B. bassiana and DE against larvae of P. interpunctella, not only could reduce the required concentration of fungal conidia or DE, but also could shorten the time need for showing insecticidal effects. The LC50 value of fungus at 7 d after treatment was 9.8 × 105 conidia mg-1 diet. Larvae showed a dose response to B. bassiana, and the addition of diatomaceous earth at 500 and 2000 ppm resulted in a significant increase in mortality. Larval mortality reached to the maximum of 28.3% and 71.7% after 7 d exposure to 500 and 2000 ppm DE concentrations, respectively. The LC50 value for B. bassiana in the presence of DE 500 ppm was 4.6 × 104 con. mg-1 diet and of DE 2000 ppm was 1.65 × 103 con. mg-1 diet. According to our results, B. bassiana and DE can be considered as two suitable candidates for integration into IPM strategy.
文摘The use of botanical pesticides in pest management during storage against insects is often encouraged because synthetic insecticides produce multiple side-effects on human health and environment. Insecticidal activity of the hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of bark ofAfrostyrax lepidophyllus was tested on Sitophilus zeama~：~, Tribolium castaneum and Rhy-opertha dominica. The mortality rate was measured variable. The results of analysis showed that the mortality rate has a very highly significant variation following extracts, doses, insects and time considered （P 〈 0.001）. Extracts with ethyl acetate and hexane of A. lepidophyllus are effective against S. zeamais at the highest doses （1 g/10 mL and 0.5 g/10 mL of solvent）. These effective extracts werc characterized by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Molecules such as thiocyanic acid, ethyl ester： dimetbylditbiophosphinic acid and other were characterizated. These results may consolidate traditional use ofA. lepidophylh^s in pest management.
