METHODS OF MODERN DESIGN FOR CYLINDRICAL GEAR DRIVE BASED ON THE INTERNET

The basic principle of modern design of cylindrical gear drive based on theInternet is described. The methods of optimized design, finite element analysis, CAD design and webdesign as well as research and development entity of three parties such as institute research unit(or university), enterprise and customer are also studied. Its purpose is to provide a necessaryfoundation for realizing the design of cylindrical gear drive from different location on the modemInternet and to explore a practice application route.

A Study on Load Distribution along Contact Lines of Cylindrical Involute Gears

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A NEW GENERATING METHOD FOR THE MACHINING OF A CYLINDRICAL GEAR WITH SYMMETRIC ARCUATE TOOTH TRACE

Objective To introduce a new generating method for the machining of a cylindrical gear with symmetric arcuate tooth trace. Methods Adopting this method, the key problems of mismatch control and manufacturing of symmetric arcuate tooth trace gears are solved by using suitable cutter tilt and a new generating method with double-edge gear-wheel cutter. The machining principle is analyzed and the mathematical model of generating motion is established. Then the tooth flank equation and differential geometrical parameters are discussed. Results The minim alteration of cutter tilt will make the contact flank area change so as to satisfy the special requirements. It is easy to realize the tip relief of gearing by altering coefficients of every moving axis. Because the tooth has the arc shape, the symmetrical arcuate cylindrical gears have higher overall strength and it is easy to perform the flank grinding for high precision. Conclusion This new generating method has higher productivity. It is easy to get a perfect contact zone and fully give play to the potential bearing capacity of the gears. The symmetrical arcuate cylindrical gears can be used in highly durable and heavy duty gearing applications.

Simulation study on dynamics of cylindrical gear meshing with the evolution meshing stiffness

Simulation study on the cylindrical gear meshing with the evolution gear meshing stiffness is being done for better understanding the dynamic characteristics of the kinematics.With consideration of damping,bearing clearance and gear backlash nonlinearity,the dynamic model is set up and computed in MATLAB.The analysis about the relationship between the kinematic responses and the meshing stiffness are carried out.And the results showed that as the gear mesh stiffness is changed from small to large,the performance of the system is changed from the harmonic stable periodic motion to with one times,two times,four times,ending chaos of the stability of the bifurcation.The research results would have theoretical guidance value for the fault diagnosis in engineering.

STUDY ON CONTROLLABLE MISMAT－CHED ENGAGEMENT OF CONE－GEN－ERATED CYLINDRIC WORM GEARING

Controllable modification of cone-generated cylindric worm gearing has been carriedout. The tooth contact state of modified gearing can be controlled by selecting the positions of con-tact points of worm surfaee and the correction amount of curvature. The modification machiningcan be conveniently implemented by changing the geometrical sizes and setting parameters of grind-ing wheel. Therefore the research has better scientific basis and practical value.

渐开线圆柱齿轮接触分析计算与仿真研究

为方便实现渐开线圆柱齿轮接触分析,开发出渐开线圆柱齿轮啮合接触分析和齿廓修形算法程序.采用渐开线直齿轮参数方程精准建模,获得齿廓接触点的曲率半径,在考虑实际载荷的情况下,改进了赫兹接触公式来求解齿轮啮合接触应力.为减缓齿轮啮合冲击,在算法程序中提供了5种齿廓修形方式及其修形后的接触应力分析方法.与行业公认的齿轮设计仿真软件MASTA计算结果进行对比.结果表明,该算法程序接触应力求解精度较高,相对MASTA平均误差约为5.04%,齿廓修形后的接触应力分布一致,验证了该算法程序的合理性.

考虑弹性误差的渐开线圆柱齿轮半解析接触模型与传动精度分析

在弹性和误差作用下,齿轮接触的高效、精准建模是研究齿轮传动精度的重要基础。为准确分析渐开线圆柱齿轮的弹性和误差对传动精度的影响,提出了一种考虑弹性误差的齿轮半解析接触模型。以渐开线斜齿圆柱齿轮为例,首先,结合齿轮的齿面方程与齿廓误差建立误差齿面模型,得到了误差齿面方程。然后,将解析法和有限元法相结合,建立了弹性误差作用下的齿轮半解析接触模型,并推导了其变形协调方程和力平衡方程。最后,建立齿轮的完整和局部有限元模型,通过提取接触齿面的柔度矩阵来计算齿轮的传动误差。应用所构建的半解析模型分析了齿廓误差和弹性变形对齿轮传动精度的影响规律,并与有限元仿真结果进行对比,验证了该半解析模型的高效性和精准性。研究结果可为渐开线圆柱齿轮在工程中的应用提供理论指导。

新型平面螺旋齿线圆柱齿轮及其加工方法

为提升圆柱齿轮的加工效率与齿轮副承载能力,提出了一种新型的平面螺旋齿线圆柱齿轮与该齿轮的快速成形方法,即采用旋转大刀盘快速铣削齿轮,刀盘上按平面螺旋线(阿基米德螺旋线)布置多个刀杆与刀具连续切削齿轮齿槽,平面螺旋线螺距与被加工齿轮齿距相等,刀盘旋转一圈,被加工齿轮旋转一个齿,实现对齿轮的连续快速加工,通过VERICUT加工仿真验证了该方法的可行性;并研制专用加工机床,实施新型齿轮的加工;阐明了加工出的平面螺旋齿线圆柱齿轮的主要参数,其凹齿面齿线半径略大于凸齿面齿线半径,轮齿呈微鼓形,可以减弱齿轮副啮合偏载。通过对平面螺旋齿线圆柱齿轮副进行三维模拟啮合分析,得出平面螺旋齿线圆柱齿轮副接触区间主要分布于接触齿面中间的部分区域,且轮齿两端受力逐渐变小,有效减少了轮齿两端齿根处的弯曲应力,提升了齿轮副承载能力。

基于智能算法的齿轮副传动优化设计

为对两级渐开线圆柱齿轮减速器的齿轮结构进行优化设计,根据齿轮强度计算标准和机械结构优化设计的相关理论,分析了对齿轮接触强度和弯曲强度较大有影响的参数,以最小中心距为目标函数,以齿轮强度、尺寸等为约束条件,建立了两级渐开线圆柱齿轮传动结构优化的数学模型。基于智能算法(遗传算法)对齿数、模数、螺旋角等参数进行多目标优化,优化后齿轮的最小中心距减少了28.99%,有效的提高了空间利用率。同时该文研究结果可为智能设计、智能制造提供参考。

渐开线圆柱齿轮的通用型滚插刀设计方法

针对渐开线圆柱齿轮的滚插加工,基于交错轴渐开螺旋面线接触啮合,提出一种通用型滚插刀设计方法,适用于任意结构前刀面。简述滚插加工原理,分析计算交错轴渐开螺旋面线接触啮合的条件;从渐开螺旋面出发,给出切削刃的计算方法,以重磨后刃形精度不变为要求,构建后刀面模型;分析并给出了滚插加工参数的计算方法;基于滚插刀设计实例和VERICUT软件对不同参数的工件进行仿真加工,验证了所设计滚插刀的通用性与可行性,为通用型滚插刀设计提供了一种简单、无刃形误差的方法。

多模数ZI蜗杆斜齿轮传动设计与有限元分析及其应力预测

为解决传统渐开线蜗杆斜齿轮副在开式传动或传动比过大时斜齿轮容易发生齿根断裂的情况,提出一种新型的基于不等模数不等压力角设计的渐开线蜗杆副,使斜齿轮的模数与压力角同时提高,大幅提高斜齿轮的齿根强度。通过对此种蜗杆副的传动特性的分析,得到特殊的啮合角与中心距计算方式。另外,通过对同传动比、同蜗杆情况下基于不等模数设计的ZI蜗杆斜齿轮副和传统ZI蜗杆斜齿轮副的建模与有限元分析,得出在较大模数比情况下的斜齿轮齿根强度约为传统斜齿轮齿根强度的2.956倍,增大了渐开线蜗杆的应用范围。后续使用灰色预测,对比出误差平方和(Sum of Squared Errors,SSE)最小模型,予以验证预测的准确性,另外进行蜗杆施加不同转矩下的斜齿轮啮合齿受拉力处最大应力σ_(1max)的数据预测,为相应的工程分析与必要的校核设计给出了依据。

Mathematical Model and Machining Method for Spiral Flute Rake Faces of Hourglass Worm Gear Hob

To improve the cutting performance of an hourglass worm gear hob and the accuracy of the resulting worm gear,the rake angles of the teeth on the pitch circle should be reduced.A method of forming the spiral flutes by using a variable transmission ratio was developed.This method ensures that the rake angles on the indexing torus of each tooth are approximately 0°.Based on the gear meshing theory and the hourglass worm forming method,the discretization mathematical model of the rake face of a planar double enveloping worm gear hob was established by using cylindrical generating surface,and the feed parameters for machining the rake face for a variable transmission ratio were obtained.The spiral flute was simulated and the hob was machined on a four axis CNC milling machine.A contourgraph was used to measure the rake angle.The measurement results showed that the proposed method can reduce the absolute value of the rake angle on both sides of the cutting teeth,which can be used for machining the spiral flute rake face of an hourglass worm gear hob.

Investigation of the Effects of Profile Shift in Helical Gear Mechanisms with Analytical and Numerical Methods

In this paper, the effects of profile shift in cylindrical helical gear mechanisms have been investigated with numerical and analytical calculations. The mathematical model for computer simulation of gears has been designed and the numerical calculations have been carried out. Analytical calculations have been made with an excel program which was designed at different profile shift coefficients for a selected mechanism. Analytical calculations of the same mechanism have been verified by using ANSYS 14.5. The results of analytical and numerical solutions have been compared to profile shift coefficients.

高重合度直齿圆柱齿轮在直升机传动系统中的应用

针对国外高重合度直齿圆柱齿轮传动技术已逐步在航空传动系统中进行工程应用,而在国内该技术存在一定的差距,尚未形成成熟的设计理论和方法的现状,对高重合度直齿圆柱齿轮在直升机传动系统中的应用进行总结,包括国内外高重合度直齿圆柱齿轮在直升机传动系统中的应用以及国内外研究现状,探索国内外的研究差距,并指明我国高重合度直齿圆柱齿轮传动技术的工程应用亟待解决的4项问题,即强度计算标准问题、齿面修形方法问题、轮齿加工和热处理问题,以及润滑散热问题。

Effect of nonlinear impact damping with non-integer compliance exponent on gear dynamic characteristics

A nonlinear impact damping model of single-degree-of-freedom spur cylindrical gear with backlash and time-varying stiffness was established. Systematic analyses of the dynamic responses were performed. First, the nonlinear damping coefficient was considered as a constant parameter with two types of compliance exponent, meanwhile, dynamic factors were adopted to depict the dynamic characteristics. Second, the bifurcation graphs were plotted, where the damping coefficient was obtained along with the impact velocity and coefficient of restitution. The results show that light and heavy load conditions have an effect on the responses when the compliance exponent is integer. On the contrary, when the compliance exponent is non-integer, the dynamic responses are slightly affected, namely the system is more stable than the former situation.

弧齿圆柱齿轮设计制造方法

在研究弧齿圆柱齿轮展成基本齿条的基础上,介绍了弧齿圆柱齿轮的基本参数及设计计算。基于旋转刀盘法原理,提出了采用单面刃刀具分别切制弧齿轮轮齿凸、凹面的铣齿加工方法。结合生产实践,编制数控加工程序在专用的双工位铣齿机床上进行了弧齿圆柱齿轮试切加工。对试切好的弧齿圆柱齿轮进行啮合传动检验,结果表明:齿轮啮合性能良好,符合预期要求。

基于CFD仿真圆柱齿轮流量计性能影响因素分析

为确定圆柱齿轮流量计结构参数和流体介质物理特性对其性能影响的规律,确定最佳装配间隙,提出了基于6自由度运动模型的仿真方法,基于该方法分别研究了不同装配间隙和不同流体粘度对DN16圆柱齿轮流量计性能的影响。研究结果表明:随着装配间隙的减小,线性度误差逐渐减小。当齿顶圆间隙为140μm、齿轮端面间隙为100μm时,线性度误差达到最优值0.13%;线性度误差随着流体粘度的增大而减小,当粘度为42.7 mm^(2)/s时,线性度误差仅为0.03%。

利用激光位移传感器高精度测量圆柱齿轮齿距方法

为了提高圆柱齿轮的加工生产质量,提出利用激光位移传感器进行高精度测量圆柱齿轮齿距的方法。采用激光位移传感器进行圆柱齿轮进行齿轮齿距图像采集,结合摄像机与激光器的相对方位获取其三维坐标,构建圆柱齿轮齿距的世界坐标系,利用线结构光视觉技术实现对圆柱齿轮的测量轴直径求解,根据发射的激光形状分析圆柱齿轮光条图像的特征点,通过编码技术对光条进行跟踪,检测光条特征点并计算侧头相对于齿轮轴心线的最大变动量,根据圆柱齿轮表面的光栅图实现高精度测量。测试结果表明,该方法进行圆柱齿轮齿距测量的偏差较低,精度较好,能够实现对圆柱齿轮齿距的非接触式高精度测量。

椭圆弧齿线圆柱齿轮传动速度波动的影响因素分析

为保持椭圆弧齿线圆柱齿轮在恶劣工况下的工作状态,减少其振动和噪声,改善其传动特性,对椭圆弧齿线圆柱齿轮副进行了传动动力学特性分析。针对齿轮在不同弧齿线半径、不同齿宽、不同转速下的齿轮副传动速度波动分析,利用Adams软件对椭圆弧齿线圆柱齿轮副进行运动学和动力学仿真,得出3个不同条件对齿轮速度波动的影响规律,为渐开线椭圆弧齿圆柱齿轮的几何参数选择与加工参数确定提供帮助。

基于能量累计曲线的圆柱齿轮疲劳寿命预测模型

圆柱齿轮应用广泛,建立适用范围广、便于计算的圆柱齿轮弯曲疲劳寿命预测模型有重大意义。通过齿轮弯曲疲劳试验结合有限元模型仿真结果,计算得到了不同应力幅值下齿根处能量累计曲线;在能量累计曲线的基础上,得到不同应力幅值下的断裂累计能曲线。基于Palmgren-Miner线性累积损伤理论和以上曲线,提出了一种圆柱齿轮弯曲疲劳寿命预测模型。采用该模型分析了不同应力幅值下的圆柱齿轮弯曲疲劳试验结果,均处于模型预测结果3倍范围内,证明该模型可以较为准确地预测圆柱齿轮弯曲疲劳寿命。