Cyberterrorism poses a significant threat to the national security of the United States of America (USA), with critical infrastructure, such as commercial facilities, dams, emergency services, food and agriculture, he...Cyberterrorism poses a significant threat to the national security of the United States of America (USA), with critical infrastructure, such as commercial facilities, dams, emergency services, food and agriculture, healthcare and public health, and transportation systems virtually at risk. Consequently, this is due primarily to the country’s heavy dependence on computer networks. With both domestic and international terrorists increasingly targeting any vulnerabilities in computer systems and networks, information sharing among security agencies has become critical. Cyberterrorism can be regarded as the purest form of information warfare. This literature review examines cyberterrorism and strategic communications, focusing on domestic cyberterrorism. Notable themes include the meaning of cyberterrorism, how cyberterrorism differs from cybercrime, and the threat posed by cyberterrorism to the USA. Prevention and deterrence of cyberterrorism through information sharing and legislation are also key themes. Finally, gaps in knowledge are identified, and questions warranting additional research are outlined.展开更多
As the oldest and largest religious political organization and a political opposition,the Muslim Brotherhood has long been active in the Egyptian political arena.The eruption of the‘January 25th Revolution’in 2011 e...As the oldest and largest religious political organization and a political opposition,the Muslim Brotherhood has long been active in the Egyptian political arena.The eruption of the‘January 25th Revolution’in 2011 enabled the Muslim Brotherhood to successfully move from behind the scenes to the stage,and the Freedom and Justice Party under the Muslim Brotherhood was highlighted in Egyptian politics and succeed in the administration of the Egyptian regime.The successful development model of the Muslim Brotherhood is closely related to its strategic communication tactics.This article explores the various strategic communication tactics of the Muslim Brotherhood targeting the internal public,the international community and the stakeholders,including vertical word-of-mouth strategic communications,joint organization strategic communications and social media strategic communications.After the‘January 25th Revolution’,the Muslim Brotherhood began to adjust to the previous strategic communications,focusing on accelerating the Islamization of the Egyptian legal system,government departments and official media,and new strategic communications have trapped it into a difficult position and it has been faced with more hurdles.展开更多
文摘Cyberterrorism poses a significant threat to the national security of the United States of America (USA), with critical infrastructure, such as commercial facilities, dams, emergency services, food and agriculture, healthcare and public health, and transportation systems virtually at risk. Consequently, this is due primarily to the country’s heavy dependence on computer networks. With both domestic and international terrorists increasingly targeting any vulnerabilities in computer systems and networks, information sharing among security agencies has become critical. Cyberterrorism can be regarded as the purest form of information warfare. This literature review examines cyberterrorism and strategic communications, focusing on domestic cyberterrorism. Notable themes include the meaning of cyberterrorism, how cyberterrorism differs from cybercrime, and the threat posed by cyberterrorism to the USA. Prevention and deterrence of cyberterrorism through information sharing and legislation are also key themes. Finally, gaps in knowledge are identified, and questions warranting additional research are outlined.
基金The authors are indebted to the Shanghai Pujiang Talent Plan[13PJC097]to the‘A Study of the Current Situation and Mechanisms of Corporate Public Diplomacy under the Background of Building a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind[41002319].
文摘As the oldest and largest religious political organization and a political opposition,the Muslim Brotherhood has long been active in the Egyptian political arena.The eruption of the‘January 25th Revolution’in 2011 enabled the Muslim Brotherhood to successfully move from behind the scenes to the stage,and the Freedom and Justice Party under the Muslim Brotherhood was highlighted in Egyptian politics and succeed in the administration of the Egyptian regime.The successful development model of the Muslim Brotherhood is closely related to its strategic communication tactics.This article explores the various strategic communication tactics of the Muslim Brotherhood targeting the internal public,the international community and the stakeholders,including vertical word-of-mouth strategic communications,joint organization strategic communications and social media strategic communications.After the‘January 25th Revolution’,the Muslim Brotherhood began to adjust to the previous strategic communications,focusing on accelerating the Islamization of the Egyptian legal system,government departments and official media,and new strategic communications have trapped it into a difficult position and it has been faced with more hurdles.
