Strawberry (Fragaria spp.) is one of the most important fruits classified as exotic fruits imported into Cameroon. To have an inventory of its cultivation in Cameroon, a survey study was carried out among eight farms ...Strawberry (Fragaria spp.) is one of the most important fruits classified as exotic fruits imported into Cameroon. To have an inventory of its cultivation in Cameroon, a survey study was carried out among eight farms of Fragaria spp. from January 2021 to February 2022. The plant was introduced in Cameroon in 2018. There are 13 varieties of Fragaria spp. currently cultivated. Among these 13 varieties, eleven are hybrids of Fragaria x ananassa (“Amiga”, “Amine”, “Camarosa”, “Chandler”, “Charlotte”, “Elsanta”, “Gariguette”, “Madame Moutot”, “Ostara”, “Ruby gem” and “San Andreas”), and two of the hybrids of Fragaria vesca (“Maestro” and “Mara des bois”). The cropping system, irrigation system, and type of fertilizers applied differ from one strawberry farm to another. Biofertilizers (such as mycorrhizal), inorganic and organic fertilizers are actually used to improve production. The potential annual production of strawberries from January 2021 to February 2022, estimated based on the survey data, was 21.216 tons for all growers. Among these eight production farms, the Lolodorf BIO Farm presents 6000 kg (six tons) of strawberries and 100,000 stolons (seedlings) produced, from seven varieties of Fragaria spp. cultivated, with 6 varieties which are hybrids variety Fragaria x ananassa (“Amiga”, “Amine”, “Chandler”, “Gariguette”, “Madame Moutot”, and “Ruby gem”), and one which is a hybrid of Fragaria vesca (“Mara des bois”). Certain diseases were also observed and recorded depending on the growing areas.展开更多
Cultivated strawberry(Fragaria×ananassa)originated from four diploid ancestors:F.vesca,F.viridis,F.iinumae and F.nipponica.Among them,F.vesca is the dominant subgenome for cultivated strawberry.It is not well und...Cultivated strawberry(Fragaria×ananassa)originated from four diploid ancestors:F.vesca,F.viridis,F.iinumae and F.nipponica.Among them,F.vesca is the dominant subgenome for cultivated strawberry.It is not well understood how differences in gene expression between diploid and octoploid strawberry contribute to differences during fruit development.In this study,we used comprehensive transcriptomic analyses of F.vesca and F.×ananassa to investigate gene expression at the different stages of fruit development.In total,we obtained 3508(turning stage)and 3958(red stage)differentially expressed genes with pairwise comparisons between diploid and octoploid.The genes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis were almost upregulated in the turning stages of octoploid,and we also discovered a ripe fruit-specific module associated with several flavonoid biosynthetic genes,including FveMYB10,FveMYB9/11,and Fve RAP,using weighted gene coexpression network analysis(WGCNA).Furthermore,we identified the species-specific regulated networks in the octoploid and diploid fruit.Notably,we found that the WAK and F-box genes were enriched in the octoploid and diploid fruits,respectively.This study elucidates new findings on flavonoid biosynthesis and fruit size of strawberry with important implications for future molecular breeding in cultivated strawberry.展开更多
To study differences and genetic trends of volatiles in Xingdu 1 and Xingdu 2, the strawberry cultivars, with their parents, the volatile components were analyzed by head space-solid phase microextraction and gas chro...To study differences and genetic trends of volatiles in Xingdu 1 and Xingdu 2, the strawberry cultivars, with their parents, the volatile components were analyzed by head space-solid phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The results indicated that a total of 50 compounds were identified in Xingdu 1 cultivar, including hexanoic acid methyl ester and hexanoic acid ethyl ester, butanoic acid methyl ester, and butanoic acid ethyl ester, octanoic acid methyl ester and octanoic acid ethyl ester, isomyl hexanoate. And there were 71 compounds in Xingdu 2, which were similar to that of Xingdu 1. About 55 volatiles were identified in Allstar （female parent）, including acetone, acetic acid 1- methylethyl ester, 1-octanol, hexanoic acid ethyl ester and butanoic acid methyl ester. And 43 volatiles were identified in Toyonoka （male parent）, including hexanoic acid ethyl ester, nerolidol, 1-octanol, hexanoic acid methyl ester, acetic acid octyl ester, isomyl hexanoate and octanoic acid methyl ester. Consequently, hexanoic acid methyl ester and hexanoic acid ethyl ester, butanoic acid methyl ester, and butanoic acid ethyl ester and isomyl hexanoate in twins might be affected both sides of their parents. In the family, male parent （Toyonoka） had the highest concentrations of fragrance alcohols, such as nerolidol, linalool and 1-octanol, but which couldn＇t be transmitted to the descendants. Acetone, acetic acid 1- methylethyl ester of the twins originally came from matrilinear inheritance, as the contents of the two compounds were very high in Allstar but little in Toyonoka. Genetic trends of butanoic acid methyl ester, butanoic acid ethyl ester, hexanoic acid ethyl ester, hexanoic acid methyl ester and isomyl hexanoate were affected by both sides of parents.展开更多
Strawberry(Fragaria spp.)is a member of the Rosoideae subfamily in the family Rosaceae.The self-incompatibility(SI)of some diploid species is a key agronomic trait that acts as a basic pollination barrier;however,the ...Strawberry(Fragaria spp.)is a member of the Rosoideae subfamily in the family Rosaceae.The self-incompatibility(SI)of some diploid species is a key agronomic trait that acts as a basic pollination barrier;however,the genetic mechanism underlying SI control in strawberry remains unclear.Two candidate S-RNases(S a-and S^-RNase)identi fi ed in the transcriptome of the styles of the self-incompatible Fragaria viridis 42 were con fi rmed to be SI determinants at the S locus following genotype identi fi cation and intraspeci fi c hybridization using sel fi ng progenies.Whole-genome collinearity and RNase T2 family analysis revealed that only an S locus exists in Fragaria;however,none of the compatible species contained S-RNase.Although the results of interspeci fi c hybridization experiments showed that F.viridis(SI)styles could accept pollen from F.mandshurica(self-compatible),the reciprocal cross was incompatible.S a and S b-RNase contain large introns,and their noncoding sequences(promotors and introns)can be transcribed into long noncoding RNAs(lncRNAs).Overall,the genus Fragaria exhibits S-RNase-based gametophytic SI,and S-RNase loss occurs at the S locus of compatible germplasms.In addition,a type of SI-independent unilateral incompatibility exists between compatible and incompatible Fragaria species.Furthermore,the large introns and neighboring lncRNAs in S-RNase in Fragaria could offer clues about S-RNase expression strategies.展开更多
草莓(Fragaria×ananassa Duch.)是蔷薇科多年生草本植物。因为草莓具有独特的风味和丰富的营养价值而深受人们喜爱。根据联合国粮食及农业组织(Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations,FAO)2018年的统计数据显示...草莓(Fragaria×ananassa Duch.)是蔷薇科多年生草本植物。因为草莓具有独特的风味和丰富的营养价值而深受人们喜爱。根据联合国粮食及农业组织(Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations,FAO)2018年的统计数据显示,中国的草莓栽培面积达到173 333 hm~2。随着设施栽培技术的推广和应用,我国目前成为世界主要的草莓生产国和出口国。草莓产业发展迅速,草莓栽培生产具有附加值高的特点,在我国被誉为“小草莓、大产业”。但草莓在设施栽培过程中很容易受到真菌病害的感染,造成减产,这一问题限制了草莓产业的发展。常见的危害草莓的真菌病害主要有:炭疽病、灰霉病、白粉病、枯萎病等。其中,由Colletotrichum spp.引起的草莓炭疽病是危害草莓生产的主要病害,其能够感染草莓的根、叶柄、叶片、花、果实和匍匐茎等各个器官,造成根腐,叶斑,果实腐烂和繁殖力下降等一系列的症状。由于草莓炭疽菌是一种土壤传播病害,因此在生产中防治相对困难。本文详细阐述了目前已经分离出的23个不同的Colletotrichum spp.的分类情况,及菌丝和孢子的形态学特征和生物学特性的研究进展;介绍了田间侵染草莓的不同部位的发病症状情况;分析了草莓炭疽病的致病因子、病害流行规律,以及该病在全球范围内的发生与分布情况;并且从农业防治、化学防治和生物防治的角度,综合阐述了目前对草莓炭疽病的防治方法,为草莓抗病栽培提供参考。展开更多
探索一种新的适合草莓属(Fragariaspp.)组培苗、大田苗叶片总RNA的快速高效提取方法。试验以草莓叶片为材料,用改进的CTAB法对其RNA进行提取,并对提取的RNA进行了电泳检测、含量测定和RT-PCR检测。结果表明:用该RNA提取方法提取的RNA具...探索一种新的适合草莓属(Fragariaspp.)组培苗、大田苗叶片总RNA的快速高效提取方法。试验以草莓叶片为材料,用改进的CTAB法对其RNA进行提取,并对提取的RNA进行了电泳检测、含量测定和RT-PCR检测。结果表明:用该RNA提取方法提取的RNA具有28 S rRNA、18 S rRNA和5.8 S rRNA 3条清晰的条带,且无降解。OD260/OD280在1.83至2.14之间,具有较高的纯度,且含量较高。用该RNA提取方法提取的RNA逆转录成cDNA,经PCR扩增出现清晰的条带,说明该RNA提取方法提取的RNA可以满足进一步分子生物学试验的要求。展开更多
文摘Strawberry (Fragaria spp.) is one of the most important fruits classified as exotic fruits imported into Cameroon. To have an inventory of its cultivation in Cameroon, a survey study was carried out among eight farms of Fragaria spp. from January 2021 to February 2022. The plant was introduced in Cameroon in 2018. There are 13 varieties of Fragaria spp. currently cultivated. Among these 13 varieties, eleven are hybrids of Fragaria x ananassa (“Amiga”, “Amine”, “Camarosa”, “Chandler”, “Charlotte”, “Elsanta”, “Gariguette”, “Madame Moutot”, “Ostara”, “Ruby gem” and “San Andreas”), and two of the hybrids of Fragaria vesca (“Maestro” and “Mara des bois”). The cropping system, irrigation system, and type of fertilizers applied differ from one strawberry farm to another. Biofertilizers (such as mycorrhizal), inorganic and organic fertilizers are actually used to improve production. The potential annual production of strawberries from January 2021 to February 2022, estimated based on the survey data, was 21.216 tons for all growers. Among these eight production farms, the Lolodorf BIO Farm presents 6000 kg (six tons) of strawberries and 100,000 stolons (seedlings) produced, from seven varieties of Fragaria spp. cultivated, with 6 varieties which are hybrids variety Fragaria x ananassa (“Amiga”, “Amine”, “Chandler”, “Gariguette”, “Madame Moutot”, and “Ruby gem”), and one which is a hybrid of Fragaria vesca (“Mara des bois”). Certain diseases were also observed and recorded depending on the growing areas.
基金the Program for High-level University Construction of the Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,China(612014028)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province,China(2018J01700)Rural Revitalization Service Team of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,China(11899170125)。
文摘Cultivated strawberry(Fragaria×ananassa)originated from four diploid ancestors:F.vesca,F.viridis,F.iinumae and F.nipponica.Among them,F.vesca is the dominant subgenome for cultivated strawberry.It is not well understood how differences in gene expression between diploid and octoploid strawberry contribute to differences during fruit development.In this study,we used comprehensive transcriptomic analyses of F.vesca and F.×ananassa to investigate gene expression at the different stages of fruit development.In total,we obtained 3508(turning stage)and 3958(red stage)differentially expressed genes with pairwise comparisons between diploid and octoploid.The genes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis were almost upregulated in the turning stages of octoploid,and we also discovered a ripe fruit-specific module associated with several flavonoid biosynthetic genes,including FveMYB10,FveMYB9/11,and Fve RAP,using weighted gene coexpression network analysis(WGCNA).Furthermore,we identified the species-specific regulated networks in the octoploid and diploid fruit.Notably,we found that the WAK and F-box genes were enriched in the octoploid and diploid fruits,respectively.This study elucidates new findings on flavonoid biosynthesis and fruit size of strawberry with important implications for future molecular breeding in cultivated strawberry.
基金supported by the National Key Technology R&D Program of China(2008BAD92B04)
文摘To study differences and genetic trends of volatiles in Xingdu 1 and Xingdu 2, the strawberry cultivars, with their parents, the volatile components were analyzed by head space-solid phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The results indicated that a total of 50 compounds were identified in Xingdu 1 cultivar, including hexanoic acid methyl ester and hexanoic acid ethyl ester, butanoic acid methyl ester, and butanoic acid ethyl ester, octanoic acid methyl ester and octanoic acid ethyl ester, isomyl hexanoate. And there were 71 compounds in Xingdu 2, which were similar to that of Xingdu 1. About 55 volatiles were identified in Allstar （female parent）, including acetone, acetic acid 1- methylethyl ester, 1-octanol, hexanoic acid ethyl ester and butanoic acid methyl ester. And 43 volatiles were identified in Toyonoka （male parent）, including hexanoic acid ethyl ester, nerolidol, 1-octanol, hexanoic acid methyl ester, acetic acid octyl ester, isomyl hexanoate and octanoic acid methyl ester. Consequently, hexanoic acid methyl ester and hexanoic acid ethyl ester, butanoic acid methyl ester, and butanoic acid ethyl ester and isomyl hexanoate in twins might be affected both sides of their parents. In the family, male parent （Toyonoka） had the highest concentrations of fragrance alcohols, such as nerolidol, linalool and 1-octanol, but which couldn＇t be transmitted to the descendants. Acetone, acetic acid 1- methylethyl ester of the twins originally came from matrilinear inheritance, as the contents of the two compounds were very high in Allstar but little in Toyonoka. Genetic trends of butanoic acid methyl ester, butanoic acid ethyl ester, hexanoic acid ethyl ester, hexanoic acid methyl ester and isomyl hexanoate were affected by both sides of parents.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of Chi na(Gr ant no.32072540,31872056)the Fun dame ntal Research Fun ds for the Central Universities(Grant no.KYZZ2021002)a project funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD).
文摘Strawberry(Fragaria spp.)is a member of the Rosoideae subfamily in the family Rosaceae.The self-incompatibility(SI)of some diploid species is a key agronomic trait that acts as a basic pollination barrier;however,the genetic mechanism underlying SI control in strawberry remains unclear.Two candidate S-RNases(S a-and S^-RNase)identi fi ed in the transcriptome of the styles of the self-incompatible Fragaria viridis 42 were con fi rmed to be SI determinants at the S locus following genotype identi fi cation and intraspeci fi c hybridization using sel fi ng progenies.Whole-genome collinearity and RNase T2 family analysis revealed that only an S locus exists in Fragaria;however,none of the compatible species contained S-RNase.Although the results of interspeci fi c hybridization experiments showed that F.viridis(SI)styles could accept pollen from F.mandshurica(self-compatible),the reciprocal cross was incompatible.S a and S b-RNase contain large introns,and their noncoding sequences(promotors and introns)can be transcribed into long noncoding RNAs(lncRNAs).Overall,the genus Fragaria exhibits S-RNase-based gametophytic SI,and S-RNase loss occurs at the S locus of compatible germplasms.In addition,a type of SI-independent unilateral incompatibility exists between compatible and incompatible Fragaria species.Furthermore,the large introns and neighboring lncRNAs in S-RNase in Fragaria could offer clues about S-RNase expression strategies.
文摘草莓(Fragaria×ananassa Duch.)是蔷薇科多年生草本植物。因为草莓具有独特的风味和丰富的营养价值而深受人们喜爱。根据联合国粮食及农业组织(Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations,FAO)2018年的统计数据显示,中国的草莓栽培面积达到173 333 hm~2。随着设施栽培技术的推广和应用,我国目前成为世界主要的草莓生产国和出口国。草莓产业发展迅速,草莓栽培生产具有附加值高的特点,在我国被誉为“小草莓、大产业”。但草莓在设施栽培过程中很容易受到真菌病害的感染,造成减产,这一问题限制了草莓产业的发展。常见的危害草莓的真菌病害主要有:炭疽病、灰霉病、白粉病、枯萎病等。其中,由Colletotrichum spp.引起的草莓炭疽病是危害草莓生产的主要病害,其能够感染草莓的根、叶柄、叶片、花、果实和匍匐茎等各个器官,造成根腐,叶斑,果实腐烂和繁殖力下降等一系列的症状。由于草莓炭疽菌是一种土壤传播病害,因此在生产中防治相对困难。本文详细阐述了目前已经分离出的23个不同的Colletotrichum spp.的分类情况,及菌丝和孢子的形态学特征和生物学特性的研究进展;介绍了田间侵染草莓的不同部位的发病症状情况;分析了草莓炭疽病的致病因子、病害流行规律,以及该病在全球范围内的发生与分布情况;并且从农业防治、化学防治和生物防治的角度,综合阐述了目前对草莓炭疽病的防治方法,为草莓抗病栽培提供参考。
文摘探索一种新的适合草莓属(Fragariaspp.)组培苗、大田苗叶片总RNA的快速高效提取方法。试验以草莓叶片为材料,用改进的CTAB法对其RNA进行提取,并对提取的RNA进行了电泳检测、含量测定和RT-PCR检测。结果表明:用该RNA提取方法提取的RNA具有28 S rRNA、18 S rRNA和5.8 S rRNA 3条清晰的条带,且无降解。OD260/OD280在1.83至2.14之间,具有较高的纯度,且含量较高。用该RNA提取方法提取的RNA逆转录成cDNA,经PCR扩增出现清晰的条带,说明该RNA提取方法提取的RNA可以满足进一步分子生物学试验的要求。
