BACKGROUND Takotsubo cardiomyopathy(TCM)is characterized by reversible left ventricular dysfunction triggered by emotional or physical stress.Only 1%-2%of patients with acute coronary syndrome are diagnosed with TCM.A...BACKGROUND Takotsubo cardiomyopathy(TCM)is characterized by reversible left ventricular dysfunction triggered by emotional or physical stress.Only 1%-2%of patients with acute coronary syndrome are diagnosed with TCM.Although obstructive coronary artery disease is frequently considered to be the cause of chest pain,TCM should be considered in some clinical settings.In this case,clinicians did not make a timely and accurate diagnosis for TCM due to a lack of knowledge until the third hospitalization with a left ventriculogram.CASE SUMMARY A 55-year-old postmenopausal woman had intermittent chest pain following emotionally stressful events three times in the past 3 years.Cardiac troponin levels increased after each instance of symptom onset.A transthoracic echocardiogram showed reversible left ventricular dysfunction.The patient underwent three coronary angiograms without evidence of coronary artery disease.A left ventriculogram was first performed at the third hospitalization and revealed apical akinesia with ballooning of the apical region and consistent hypercontractile basal segments.The diagnosis of TCM was confirmed.The patient was treated with an angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor(perindopril)and aβ-blocker(metoprolol).No complications occurred during the patient’s hospitalization.The patient was told to avoid stressful events.During the 9-mo follow-up visit,the patient was asymptomatic with an ejection fraction of 55%.CONCLUSION Clinicians should be conscious of the possibility of TCM,especially in postmenopausal women presenting with clinical manifestations similar to acute coronary syndrome without coronary occlusion.展开更多
The article considers the biological nature and origins of emotional stress. Emotional stress is primarily formed in the mental activity of the brain in the form of pronounced long-term negative emotions and is second...The article considers the biological nature and origins of emotional stress. Emotional stress is primarily formed in the mental activity of the brain in the form of pronounced long-term negative emotions and is secondarily manifested in neurophysiological mechanisms and somatovegetative processes. However, all studies of the development of emotional stress are focused on the study of central neurophysiological mechanisms, excluding the possibility of analysis for the “sources” of emotional stress, which is primarily formed in the subjective sphere of brain activity, i.e., in the mechanisms of emotions. In our studies, we propose a fundamentally new methodology for studying the mental activity of the human brain and, in particular, the mechanisms of emotions. Thereby, modern methods of psychophysiology make it possible to come closer to understanding the nature of emotional stress.展开更多
Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) mapping has been performed during the past decades in an attempt to identify genes, gene products and mechanisms underlying numerous quantitative traits. It’s a strategy based on natura...Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) mapping has been performed during the past decades in an attempt to identify genes, gene products and mechanisms underlying numerous quantitative traits. It’s a strategy based on natural variations in genes and gene products, which facilitates translation from animal models to human clinical conditions. Our team has shown that the inbred rat strains Lewis (LEW) and Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHR) differ with respect to several emotionality- related behaviors, one of which (inner locomotion in the open field) was strongly influenced by a QTL (Anxrr16) on rat chromosome 4. Since then, several other studies not only corroborated the initial description of Anxrr16, but also extrapolated its effects to a broader context (rats from both sexes and regardless of the estrous cycle phase) and suggested that this same region influences other emotionality-related behaviors as well as alcohol intake. Other QTLs affecting neurobiological traits were also found on rat chromosome 4 and several candidate genes have been pointed out as possibly influencing those phenotypes. Altogether, these studies suggest that rat chromosome 4 constitutes an interesting target for the study of the molecular bases of anxiety and other traits related to emotional reactivity.展开更多
基金Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi Province,No.2020JQ-939and Science and Technology Development Incubation Fund Project of Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital,No.2019YXQ-08.
文摘BACKGROUND Takotsubo cardiomyopathy(TCM)is characterized by reversible left ventricular dysfunction triggered by emotional or physical stress.Only 1%-2%of patients with acute coronary syndrome are diagnosed with TCM.Although obstructive coronary artery disease is frequently considered to be the cause of chest pain,TCM should be considered in some clinical settings.In this case,clinicians did not make a timely and accurate diagnosis for TCM due to a lack of knowledge until the third hospitalization with a left ventriculogram.CASE SUMMARY A 55-year-old postmenopausal woman had intermittent chest pain following emotionally stressful events three times in the past 3 years.Cardiac troponin levels increased after each instance of symptom onset.A transthoracic echocardiogram showed reversible left ventricular dysfunction.The patient underwent three coronary angiograms without evidence of coronary artery disease.A left ventriculogram was first performed at the third hospitalization and revealed apical akinesia with ballooning of the apical region and consistent hypercontractile basal segments.The diagnosis of TCM was confirmed.The patient was treated with an angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor(perindopril)and aβ-blocker(metoprolol).No complications occurred during the patient’s hospitalization.The patient was told to avoid stressful events.During the 9-mo follow-up visit,the patient was asymptomatic with an ejection fraction of 55%.CONCLUSION Clinicians should be conscious of the possibility of TCM,especially in postmenopausal women presenting with clinical manifestations similar to acute coronary syndrome without coronary occlusion.
文摘The article considers the biological nature and origins of emotional stress. Emotional stress is primarily formed in the mental activity of the brain in the form of pronounced long-term negative emotions and is secondarily manifested in neurophysiological mechanisms and somatovegetative processes. However, all studies of the development of emotional stress are focused on the study of central neurophysiological mechanisms, excluding the possibility of analysis for the “sources” of emotional stress, which is primarily formed in the subjective sphere of brain activity, i.e., in the mechanisms of emotions. In our studies, we propose a fundamentally new methodology for studying the mental activity of the human brain and, in particular, the mechanisms of emotions. Thereby, modern methods of psychophysiology make it possible to come closer to understanding the nature of emotional stress.
文摘Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) mapping has been performed during the past decades in an attempt to identify genes, gene products and mechanisms underlying numerous quantitative traits. It’s a strategy based on natural variations in genes and gene products, which facilitates translation from animal models to human clinical conditions. Our team has shown that the inbred rat strains Lewis (LEW) and Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHR) differ with respect to several emotionality- related behaviors, one of which (inner locomotion in the open field) was strongly influenced by a QTL (Anxrr16) on rat chromosome 4. Since then, several other studies not only corroborated the initial description of Anxrr16, but also extrapolated its effects to a broader context (rats from both sexes and regardless of the estrous cycle phase) and suggested that this same region influences other emotionality-related behaviors as well as alcohol intake. Other QTLs affecting neurobiological traits were also found on rat chromosome 4 and several candidate genes have been pointed out as possibly influencing those phenotypes. Altogether, these studies suggest that rat chromosome 4 constitutes an interesting target for the study of the molecular bases of anxiety and other traits related to emotional reactivity.
