This study investigated the expression profiles of Writ genes in adult porcine Iongissimus dorsi （LD） from different porcine genotypes and their associations with meat quality. The results showed that Wnt5a gene exp...This study investigated the expression profiles of Writ genes in adult porcine Iongissimus dorsi （LD） from different porcine genotypes and their associations with meat quality. The results showed that Wnt5a gene expression level was the highest in Jinhua （JHP） pigs, followed by Zhongbai （ZBP）, DurocxZhongbai （DZB）, and Duroc×Yorkshire×Landrace （DYL） pigs, with significant differences between ZBP, DZB, and DYL （P〈0.05）. This genotypic order was reversed for Wnt7a, Wnt10b, and Wnt11 expression, with JHP and DYL having the lowest and highest expressive levels, respectively. Wnt5a expression was negatively correlated with pH,5 min and ApH （P〈0.01）, some glycolytic markers （P〈0.05）, and positively correlated with meat color （a＊）, shear force （SF） value （P〈0.05）, myosion heavy chain （MyHC） I mRNA proportion （P〈0.01）, turnover ratio of creatine phosphate （CP）, and creatine kinase （CK） activity （P〈0.05）. Opposite correlations were observed for Writ2, Wnt7a, Wnt10b, and Wnt11. These results revealed that Wnt5a, Wnt7a, Wnt10b, and Wnt11 gene expressions in adult porcine muscle contributed to differences between porcine genotypes and affected pork quality. Wnt5a gene expression could be beneficial for the formation of high quality pork by regulating muscle fiber types and postmortem energy metabolism.展开更多
In the present study,the chronic heat stress(CHS)broiler model was developed to investigate the potential protection mechanism of organic selenium(selenomethionine,SeMet)on CHS-induced skeletal muscle growth retardati...In the present study,the chronic heat stress(CHS)broiler model was developed to investigate the potential protection mechanism of organic selenium(selenomethionine,SeMet)on CHS-induced skeletal muscle growth retardation and poor meat quality.Four hundred Arbor Acres male broilers(680±70 g,21 d old)were grouped into 5 treatments with 8 replicates of 10 broilers per replicate.Broilers in the control group were raised in a thermoneutral environment(22±2°C)and fed with a basal diet.The other four treatments were exposed to hyperthermic conditions(33±2°C,24 h in each day)and fed on the basal diet supplied with SeMet at 0.0,0.2,0.4,and 0.6 mg Se/kg,respectively,for 21 d.Results showed that CHS reduced(P<0.05)the growth performance,decreased(P<0.05)the breast muscle weight and impaired the meat quality of breast muscle in broilers.CHS induced protein metabolic disorder in breast muscle,which increased(P<0.05)the expression of caspase 3,caspase 8,caspase 9 and ubiquitin proteasome system related genes,while decreased the protein expression of P-4EBP1.CHS also decreased the antioxidant capacity and induced mitochondrial stress and endoplasmic reticulum(ER)stress in breast muscle,which increased(P<0.05)the ROS levels,decreased the concentration of ATP,increased the protein expression of HSP60 and CLPX,and increased(P<0.05)the expression of ER stress biomarkers.Dietary SeMet supplementation linearly increased(P<0.05)breast muscle Se concentration and exhibited protective effects via up-regulating the expression of the selenotranscriptome and several key selenoproteins,which increased(P<0.05)body weight,improved meat quality,enhanced antioxidant capacity and mitigated mitochondrial stress and ER stress.What's more,SeMet suppressed protein degradation and improved protein biosynthesis though inhibiting the caspase and ubiquitin proteasome system and promoting the mTOR-4EBP1 pathway.In conclusion,dietary SeMet supplementation increases the expression of several key selenoproteins,alleviates mitochondrial dysfunction and ER stress,improves protein biosynthesis,suppresses protein degradation,thus increases the body weight and improves meat quality of broilers exposed to CHS.展开更多
Increased levels of stress hormones in the muscle could lead to post mortem metabolic/structural modiifcations that could be relfected on meat quality. The present study investigated the metabolic effect of either adr...Increased levels of stress hormones in the muscle could lead to post mortem metabolic/structural modiifcations that could be relfected on meat quality. The present study investigated the metabolic effect of either adrenaline or cortisol injected into lambs in order to obtain an animal model of acute stress. Results showed that adrenaline or cortisol injection lead to glucose metabolism and muscle temperature increase. Muscle pH immediately post mortem was affected by adrenaline treatment. Water holding capacity （WHC） of fresh muscle, ifnal muscle pH and temperature registered at 24 h post mortem were not affected by injected hormones. Hardness and adhesiveness of LD muscle evaluated 3 d post mortem tended to increase as a result of adrenaline or cortisol injection. Results demonstrated that injected hormones were able to affect the post mortem muscle biochemistry and the pH/T curve independently of ifnal muscle pH.展开更多
With the increasing demand for high-quality pork,more nutritional substances have been studied for the regulation of meat quality.Zero-dimensional fullerenes(C60)can modulate the biological behavior of a variety of ce...With the increasing demand for high-quality pork,more nutritional substances have been studied for the regulation of meat quality.Zero-dimensional fullerenes(C60)can modulate the biological behavior of a variety of cell lines and animals.In this study,we report the biological effects of C60 on finishing pigs at different concentrations.A total of 24 barrows(Duroc×Large White×Landrace),with an average body weight of 21.01±0.98 kg,were divided into 3 groups and each treated daily with C60(100 or 200 mg per kg feed)or a control diet until the end of the experiment.Our results showed that dietary C60 supplementation improved flesh color,marbling scores,and flavor amino acid contents of longissimus dorsi(LD)of growing-finishing pigs(P<0.05).C60 improved meat quality by regulating lipid metabolism and muscle fiber morphology by mediating the expression of genes,L-lactic dehydrogenase(LDH),myosin heavy chain(MyHC)IIa,MyHCIIb,peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ(PPARγ),and fatty acid transport protein 1(FATP1)(P<0.05).Moreover,C60 substantially promoted the mRNA expression of antioxidant enzyme genes(P<0.05),which also contributed to improving meat quality.These findings have important implications for the application of C60 in the livestock industry,especially for improving the meat quality of fattening pigs.展开更多
Exercise affects muscle metabolism and composition in the untrained muscles. The proteome of muscle tissue will be affected by exercise and resting. This is of economic importance for pork quality where transportation...Exercise affects muscle metabolism and composition in the untrained muscles. The proteome of muscle tissue will be affected by exercise and resting. This is of economic importance for pork quality where transportation relates to exercise of untrained muscles. Rest reverses exercise effects. The objective of this research was to develop potential protein biomarkers that predict the optimal resting time after exercise related to optimal pork quality. Ten litters of four female pigs were within litter allocated to the four treatment groups： exercise by running on a treadmill for 27 minutes followed by rest for 0, 1, or 3 h; control pigs without exercise. Proteome profiles and biochemical traits measuring energy metabolism and meat quality traits expected to be related to exercise were determined in the Longissimus and the Biceps femoris of the pigs. The results indicated associations between protein abundances in muscles and exercise, resting, and biochemical traits.展开更多
本试验旨在研究不同饲粮类型对乳鸽屠宰性能、肉品质、糖代谢、脂代谢、氧化应激及肌纤维发育的影响。选取108对生产性能相近且同一天带仔的欧洲米玛斯白鸽,随机分为3个组,每组6个重复,每个重复6对种鸽。各组分别饲喂原粮(原粮组)、50%...本试验旨在研究不同饲粮类型对乳鸽屠宰性能、肉品质、糖代谢、脂代谢、氧化应激及肌纤维发育的影响。选取108对生产性能相近且同一天带仔的欧洲米玛斯白鸽,随机分为3个组,每组6个重复,每个重复6对种鸽。各组分别饲喂原粮(原粮组)、50%原粮+50%颗粒料(原粮+颗粒料组)以及颗粒料(颗粒料组)3种等能等氮饲料。每对种鸽哺育4只乳鸽,试验期21 d。结果表明:1)与原粮组相比,颗粒料组乳鸽的胸肌重显著降低(P<0.05),原粮+颗粒料组、颗粒料组乳鸽的屠宰率显著升高(P<0.05),颗粒料组乳鸽的半净膛率和全净膛率显著升高(P<0.05)。2)与原粮组相比,颗粒料组乳鸽的胸肌45 min pH显著升高(P<0.05),原粮+颗粒料组乳鸽的胸肌滴水损失显著升高(P<0.05)。颗粒料组乳鸽的胸肌45 min亮度(L*)值显著高于原粮+颗粒料组(P<0.05)。3)与原粮组相比,颗粒料组乳鸽的胸肌甘油三酯(TG)含量显著升高(P<0.05)。4)与原粮组相比,颗粒料组乳鸽的胸肌过氧化氢(H_(2)O_(2))含量和总抗氧化活力(T-AOC)显著升高(P<0.05)。5)与原粮组相比,原粮+颗粒料组乳鸽的胸肌纤维横截面积和直径均显著降低(P<0.05)。6)相关性分析发现,乳鸽胸肌尿素氮(UN)含量与胸肌重呈显著负相关(P<0.05),胸肌总胆固醇(T-CHO)含量、胸肌纤维横截面积和直径与胸肌重呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。由此可见,饲喂颗粒料会造成乳鸽肌肉发育受阻,对蛋白质的利用率降低,氧化应激水平升高,肉品质变差。因此,在设计种鸽饲粮时除了考虑营养素以外,还要考虑饲粮类型,以免影响乳鸽肌肉发育和肉品质。展开更多
本文旨在研究饲粮添加一水肌酸(CMH)对杜浙猪肉质性状、肌肉磷酸原代谢、纤维类型特征及蛋白质溶解性的影响。试验选取体重70 kg左右杜浙猪30头,随机分为2组,每组5个重复,每个重复3头猪。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组饲喂基础饲粮+0.5%CMH...本文旨在研究饲粮添加一水肌酸(CMH)对杜浙猪肉质性状、肌肉磷酸原代谢、纤维类型特征及蛋白质溶解性的影响。试验选取体重70 kg左右杜浙猪30头,随机分为2组,每组5个重复,每个重复3头猪。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组饲喂基础饲粮+0.5%CMH,试验期30 d。结果显示:与对照组相比,饲粮添加CMH对杜浙猪生长性能无显著影响(P>0.05),使背最长肌宰后24 h p H和剪切力显著增加(P<0.05),滴水损失和压榨损失显著降低(P<0.05),背最长肌的肌酸(Cr)总量、磷酸肌酸(PCr)储备量、肌酸激酶(CK)活性、白蛋白及肌原纤维蛋白溶解度显著增加(P<0.05),背最长肌肌球蛋白重链(My HC)Ⅱa mRNA比例显著降低(P<0.05)。结果提示,饲粮添加CMH对杜浙猪肉质性状具有调控作用,对肌肉磷酸原代谢能力、蛋白质溶解度及肉品系水力产生显著影响。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31172220)the Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System of China(CARS-36)the Science and Technology Projects in Zhejiang Province of China(LY17C170005,2016C02054-4)
文摘This study investigated the expression profiles of Writ genes in adult porcine Iongissimus dorsi （LD） from different porcine genotypes and their associations with meat quality. The results showed that Wnt5a gene expression level was the highest in Jinhua （JHP） pigs, followed by Zhongbai （ZBP）, DurocxZhongbai （DZB）, and Duroc×Yorkshire×Landrace （DYL） pigs, with significant differences between ZBP, DZB, and DYL （P〈0.05）. This genotypic order was reversed for Wnt7a, Wnt10b, and Wnt11 expression, with JHP and DYL having the lowest and highest expressive levels, respectively. Wnt5a expression was negatively correlated with pH,5 min and ApH （P〈0.01）, some glycolytic markers （P〈0.05）, and positively correlated with meat color （a＊）, shear force （SF） value （P〈0.05）, myosion heavy chain （MyHC） I mRNA proportion （P〈0.01）, turnover ratio of creatine phosphate （CP）, and creatine kinase （CK） activity （P〈0.05）. Opposite correlations were observed for Writ2, Wnt7a, Wnt10b, and Wnt11. These results revealed that Wnt5a, Wnt7a, Wnt10b, and Wnt11 gene expressions in adult porcine muscle contributed to differences between porcine genotypes and affected pork quality. Wnt5a gene expression could be beneficial for the formation of high quality pork by regulating muscle fiber types and postmortem energy metabolism.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31772643)the Special Research Funding for Discipline Construction in Sichuan Agricultural University(No.03570126)
文摘In the present study,the chronic heat stress(CHS)broiler model was developed to investigate the potential protection mechanism of organic selenium(selenomethionine,SeMet)on CHS-induced skeletal muscle growth retardation and poor meat quality.Four hundred Arbor Acres male broilers(680±70 g,21 d old)were grouped into 5 treatments with 8 replicates of 10 broilers per replicate.Broilers in the control group were raised in a thermoneutral environment(22±2°C)and fed with a basal diet.The other four treatments were exposed to hyperthermic conditions(33±2°C,24 h in each day)and fed on the basal diet supplied with SeMet at 0.0,0.2,0.4,and 0.6 mg Se/kg,respectively,for 21 d.Results showed that CHS reduced(P<0.05)the growth performance,decreased(P<0.05)the breast muscle weight and impaired the meat quality of breast muscle in broilers.CHS induced protein metabolic disorder in breast muscle,which increased(P<0.05)the expression of caspase 3,caspase 8,caspase 9 and ubiquitin proteasome system related genes,while decreased the protein expression of P-4EBP1.CHS also decreased the antioxidant capacity and induced mitochondrial stress and endoplasmic reticulum(ER)stress in breast muscle,which increased(P<0.05)the ROS levels,decreased the concentration of ATP,increased the protein expression of HSP60 and CLPX,and increased(P<0.05)the expression of ER stress biomarkers.Dietary SeMet supplementation linearly increased(P<0.05)breast muscle Se concentration and exhibited protective effects via up-regulating the expression of the selenotranscriptome and several key selenoproteins,which increased(P<0.05)body weight,improved meat quality,enhanced antioxidant capacity and mitigated mitochondrial stress and ER stress.What's more,SeMet suppressed protein degradation and improved protein biosynthesis though inhibiting the caspase and ubiquitin proteasome system and promoting the mTOR-4EBP1 pathway.In conclusion,dietary SeMet supplementation increases the expression of several key selenoproteins,alleviates mitochondrial dysfunction and ER stress,improves protein biosynthesis,suppresses protein degradation,thus increases the body weight and improves meat quality of broilers exposed to CHS.
文摘Increased levels of stress hormones in the muscle could lead to post mortem metabolic/structural modiifcations that could be relfected on meat quality. The present study investigated the metabolic effect of either adrenaline or cortisol injected into lambs in order to obtain an animal model of acute stress. Results showed that adrenaline or cortisol injection lead to glucose metabolism and muscle temperature increase. Muscle pH immediately post mortem was affected by adrenaline treatment. Water holding capacity （WHC） of fresh muscle, ifnal muscle pH and temperature registered at 24 h post mortem were not affected by injected hormones. Hardness and adhesiveness of LD muscle evaluated 3 d post mortem tended to increase as a result of adrenaline or cortisol injection. Results demonstrated that injected hormones were able to affect the post mortem muscle biochemistry and the pH/T curve independently of ifnal muscle pH.
基金the Innovation Team of Key areas of the Ministry of Science and Technology,Science and Technology Leadership Program of Hunan Province(2019RS3020)Special Fund for Key Program of Science and Technology of Yunnan Province(202102AE090046)。
文摘With the increasing demand for high-quality pork,more nutritional substances have been studied for the regulation of meat quality.Zero-dimensional fullerenes(C60)can modulate the biological behavior of a variety of cell lines and animals.In this study,we report the biological effects of C60 on finishing pigs at different concentrations.A total of 24 barrows(Duroc×Large White×Landrace),with an average body weight of 21.01±0.98 kg,were divided into 3 groups and each treated daily with C60(100 or 200 mg per kg feed)or a control diet until the end of the experiment.Our results showed that dietary C60 supplementation improved flesh color,marbling scores,and flavor amino acid contents of longissimus dorsi(LD)of growing-finishing pigs(P<0.05).C60 improved meat quality by regulating lipid metabolism and muscle fiber morphology by mediating the expression of genes,L-lactic dehydrogenase(LDH),myosin heavy chain(MyHC)IIa,MyHCIIb,peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ(PPARγ),and fatty acid transport protein 1(FATP1)(P<0.05).Moreover,C60 substantially promoted the mRNA expression of antioxidant enzyme genes(P<0.05),which also contributed to improving meat quality.These findings have important implications for the application of C60 in the livestock industry,especially for improving the meat quality of fattening pigs.
文摘Exercise affects muscle metabolism and composition in the untrained muscles. The proteome of muscle tissue will be affected by exercise and resting. This is of economic importance for pork quality where transportation relates to exercise of untrained muscles. Rest reverses exercise effects. The objective of this research was to develop potential protein biomarkers that predict the optimal resting time after exercise related to optimal pork quality. Ten litters of four female pigs were within litter allocated to the four treatment groups： exercise by running on a treadmill for 27 minutes followed by rest for 0, 1, or 3 h; control pigs without exercise. Proteome profiles and biochemical traits measuring energy metabolism and meat quality traits expected to be related to exercise were determined in the Longissimus and the Biceps femoris of the pigs. The results indicated associations between protein abundances in muscles and exercise, resting, and biochemical traits.
文摘本试验旨在研究不同饲粮类型对乳鸽屠宰性能、肉品质、糖代谢、脂代谢、氧化应激及肌纤维发育的影响。选取108对生产性能相近且同一天带仔的欧洲米玛斯白鸽,随机分为3个组,每组6个重复,每个重复6对种鸽。各组分别饲喂原粮(原粮组)、50%原粮+50%颗粒料(原粮+颗粒料组)以及颗粒料(颗粒料组)3种等能等氮饲料。每对种鸽哺育4只乳鸽,试验期21 d。结果表明:1)与原粮组相比,颗粒料组乳鸽的胸肌重显著降低(P<0.05),原粮+颗粒料组、颗粒料组乳鸽的屠宰率显著升高(P<0.05),颗粒料组乳鸽的半净膛率和全净膛率显著升高(P<0.05)。2)与原粮组相比,颗粒料组乳鸽的胸肌45 min pH显著升高(P<0.05),原粮+颗粒料组乳鸽的胸肌滴水损失显著升高(P<0.05)。颗粒料组乳鸽的胸肌45 min亮度(L*)值显著高于原粮+颗粒料组(P<0.05)。3)与原粮组相比,颗粒料组乳鸽的胸肌甘油三酯(TG)含量显著升高(P<0.05)。4)与原粮组相比,颗粒料组乳鸽的胸肌过氧化氢(H_(2)O_(2))含量和总抗氧化活力(T-AOC)显著升高(P<0.05)。5)与原粮组相比,原粮+颗粒料组乳鸽的胸肌纤维横截面积和直径均显著降低(P<0.05)。6)相关性分析发现,乳鸽胸肌尿素氮(UN)含量与胸肌重呈显著负相关(P<0.05),胸肌总胆固醇(T-CHO)含量、胸肌纤维横截面积和直径与胸肌重呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。由此可见,饲喂颗粒料会造成乳鸽肌肉发育受阻,对蛋白质的利用率降低,氧化应激水平升高,肉品质变差。因此,在设计种鸽饲粮时除了考虑营养素以外,还要考虑饲粮类型,以免影响乳鸽肌肉发育和肉品质。
文摘本文旨在研究饲粮添加一水肌酸(CMH)对杜浙猪肉质性状、肌肉磷酸原代谢、纤维类型特征及蛋白质溶解性的影响。试验选取体重70 kg左右杜浙猪30头,随机分为2组,每组5个重复,每个重复3头猪。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组饲喂基础饲粮+0.5%CMH,试验期30 d。结果显示:与对照组相比,饲粮添加CMH对杜浙猪生长性能无显著影响(P>0.05),使背最长肌宰后24 h p H和剪切力显著增加(P<0.05),滴水损失和压榨损失显著降低(P<0.05),背最长肌的肌酸(Cr)总量、磷酸肌酸(PCr)储备量、肌酸激酶(CK)活性、白蛋白及肌原纤维蛋白溶解度显著增加(P<0.05),背最长肌肌球蛋白重链(My HC)Ⅱa mRNA比例显著降低(P<0.05)。结果提示,饲粮添加CMH对杜浙猪肉质性状具有调控作用,对肌肉磷酸原代谢能力、蛋白质溶解度及肉品系水力产生显著影响。
