The mechanical behavior of plastic concrete used in the cut-off walls of earth dams has been studied.Triaxial compression tests on the specimens in various ages and mix designs under different confining pressures have...The mechanical behavior of plastic concrete used in the cut-off walls of earth dams has been studied.Triaxial compression tests on the specimens in various ages and mix designs under different confining pressures have been done and the stress-strain behavior of such materials and their strength parameter changes have been experimentally investigated.It has been observed that increasing the confining pressures applied on the specimens causes the material behavior to be alike the more ductile materials and the compressive strength increases considerably as well.Moreover,a parametric study has been carried out to investigate the influence of essential parameters on the shear strength parameters of these materials.According to the research,increasing the coarse to fine aggregates ratio leads to the increase of compressive strength of the specimens as well as the increase of the cohesion and internal friction angle of the materials.Furthermore,the bentonite content decrease and the cement factor increase result in an increase of the cohesion parameter of plastic concretes and decrease of the internal friction angle of such materials.展开更多
In this paper the relationship between microstructure and stress-strain behavior in tensile test of high strength pipeline steel was investigated.The steel with polygonal ferrite-bainite(PF + B) microstructure has a &...In this paper the relationship between microstructure and stress-strain behavior in tensile test of high strength pipeline steel was investigated.The steel with polygonal ferrite-bainite(PF + B) microstructure has a "round-house" type tensile stress-strain curve with low Y/T ratio,highly uniform elongation and high n-value,which means PF + B microstructure has the best deformability(i.e.Ideal stress-strain behavior) among the four microstructures.The steel with acicular ferrite-martensite&austenite(AF + MA) microstructure has a "continuous-yielding" type tensile stress-strain curve,whose deformability is worse than that of PF + B microstructure.Both the steels of polygonal ferrite-acicular ferrite(PF + AF) and polygonal ferrite-pearlite (PF+P) microstructure have "luders elongation" type tensile stress-strain curve with high Y/T ratio,low uniform elongation and low n-value,which means PF + AF and PF + P microstructures have the worst deformability among the four microstructures.展开更多
Effects of strain rate and water-to-cement ratio on the dynamic compressive mechanical behavior of cement mortar are investigated by split Hopkinson pressure bar(SHPB) tests. 124 specimens are subjected to dynamic uni...Effects of strain rate and water-to-cement ratio on the dynamic compressive mechanical behavior of cement mortar are investigated by split Hopkinson pressure bar(SHPB) tests. 124 specimens are subjected to dynamic uniaxial compressive loadings.Strain rate sensitivity of the materials is measured in terms of failure modes, stress-strain curves, compressive strength, dynamic increase factor(DIF) and critical strain at peak stress. A significant change in the stress-strain response of the materials with each order of magnitude increase in strain rate is clearly seen from test results. The slope of the stress-strain curve after peak value for low water-to-cement ratio is steeper than that of high water-to-cement ratio mortar. The compressive strength increases with increasing strain rate. With increase in strain rate, the dynamic increase factor(DIF) increases. However, this increase in DIF with increase in strain rate does not appear to be a function of the water-to-cement ratio. The critical compressive strain increases with the strain rate.展开更多
Coarse aggregates are the major infrastructure materials of concrete-faced rock-fill dams and are consolidated to bear upper and lateral loads. With the increase of dam height, high confining pressure and complex stre...Coarse aggregates are the major infrastructure materials of concrete-faced rock-fill dams and are consolidated to bear upper and lateral loads. With the increase of dam height, high confining pressure and complex stress states complicate the shear behavfor of coarse aggregates, and thus impede the high dam＇s proper construction, operation and maintenance. An experimental program was conducted to study the shear behavior of dam coarse aggregates using a large-scale triaxial shear apparatus. Through triaxial shear tests, the strain-stress behaviors of aggregates were observed under constant confining pressures： 300 kPa, 600 kPa 900 kPa and 1200 kPa. Shear strengths and aggregate breakage characteristics associated with high pressure shear processes are discussed. Stress path tests were conducted to observe and analyze coarse aggregate response under complex stress states. In triaxial shear tests, it was found that peak deviator stresses increase along with confining pressures, whereas the peak principal stress ratios decrease as confining pressures increase With increasing confining pressures, the dilation decreases and the contraction eventually prevails. Initial strength parameters （Poisson＇s ratio and tangent modulus） show a nonlinear relationship with confining pressures when the pressures are relatively low. Shear strength parameters decrease with increasing confining pressures. The failure envelope lines are convex curves, with clear curvature under low confining pressures. Under moderate confining pressures, dilation is offset by particle breakage. Under high confining pressures, dilation disappears.展开更多
Accurate prediction of stress-strain behavior of metals as a function of arbitrary temperature and strain rate paths has remained a challenge. The Mechanical Threshold Stress constitutive model is one formalism that h...Accurate prediction of stress-strain behavior of metals as a function of arbitrary temperature and strain rate paths has remained a challenge. The Mechanical Threshold Stress constitutive model is one formalism that has emerged following several decades of research. Vast experience has accumulated with the application of the Mechanical Threshold Stress model over a wide variety of pure metals and alloys. Out of this has arisen common trends across metal systems. The magnitude of activation energies presents one example of this, where these variables consistently increase in magnitude as the obstacle to dislocation motion transitions from short range to long range. Trends in strain hardening are also observed. In Face-Centered Cubic metals the magnitude of strain hardening scales with the stacking fault energy;trends in Body-Centered Cubic metals are less clear. Model parameters derived for over twenty metals and alloys are tabulated. Common trends should guide future application of the MTS model and further model development.展开更多
为明确热塑性塑料塑性变形阶段加载-卸载-再加载的力学行为,采用注塑成型方法制备了哑铃型聚丙烯试样,进行了单轴拉伸实验。实验结果表明:所制备的试样具有良好的性能稳定性,试验结果重现性好,应力-应变曲线符合部分结晶热塑性塑料的一...为明确热塑性塑料塑性变形阶段加载-卸载-再加载的力学行为,采用注塑成型方法制备了哑铃型聚丙烯试样,进行了单轴拉伸实验。实验结果表明:所制备的试样具有良好的性能稳定性,试验结果重现性好,应力-应变曲线符合部分结晶热塑性塑料的一般行为。通过不同应变速率测试结合断口形貌扫描电子显微镜(scanning electron microscope,SEM)观察,表明应变速率超过50 mm/min时,试样由韧性断裂转变为脆性断裂,断口形貌由穿晶断裂形貌转变为河流花样形貌。聚丙烯的加载-卸载-再加载测试表明,在低应变速率情况下,塑料在再加载之后的应力-应变曲线存在明显的再屈服行为,与金属的包辛格效应存在明显不同。加载-卸载-再加载的应力-应变曲线会出现第二个屈服点,其屈服应力低于第一屈服应力,并且其数值与卸载点应变无关。研究结果为热塑性塑料塑性阶段的加工和使用提供理论支持。展开更多
文摘The mechanical behavior of plastic concrete used in the cut-off walls of earth dams has been studied.Triaxial compression tests on the specimens in various ages and mix designs under different confining pressures have been done and the stress-strain behavior of such materials and their strength parameter changes have been experimentally investigated.It has been observed that increasing the confining pressures applied on the specimens causes the material behavior to be alike the more ductile materials and the compressive strength increases considerably as well.Moreover,a parametric study has been carried out to investigate the influence of essential parameters on the shear strength parameters of these materials.According to the research,increasing the coarse to fine aggregates ratio leads to the increase of compressive strength of the specimens as well as the increase of the cohesion and internal friction angle of the materials.Furthermore,the bentonite content decrease and the cement factor increase result in an increase of the cohesion parameter of plastic concretes and decrease of the internal friction angle of such materials.
文摘In this paper the relationship between microstructure and stress-strain behavior in tensile test of high strength pipeline steel was investigated.The steel with polygonal ferrite-bainite(PF + B) microstructure has a "round-house" type tensile stress-strain curve with low Y/T ratio,highly uniform elongation and high n-value,which means PF + B microstructure has the best deformability(i.e.Ideal stress-strain behavior) among the four microstructures.The steel with acicular ferrite-martensite&austenite(AF + MA) microstructure has a "continuous-yielding" type tensile stress-strain curve,whose deformability is worse than that of PF + B microstructure.Both the steels of polygonal ferrite-acicular ferrite(PF + AF) and polygonal ferrite-pearlite (PF+P) microstructure have "luders elongation" type tensile stress-strain curve with high Y/T ratio,low uniform elongation and low n-value,which means PF + AF and PF + P microstructures have the worst deformability among the four microstructures.
基金Project(51479048) supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Effects of strain rate and water-to-cement ratio on the dynamic compressive mechanical behavior of cement mortar are investigated by split Hopkinson pressure bar(SHPB) tests. 124 specimens are subjected to dynamic uniaxial compressive loadings.Strain rate sensitivity of the materials is measured in terms of failure modes, stress-strain curves, compressive strength, dynamic increase factor(DIF) and critical strain at peak stress. A significant change in the stress-strain response of the materials with each order of magnitude increase in strain rate is clearly seen from test results. The slope of the stress-strain curve after peak value for low water-to-cement ratio is steeper than that of high water-to-cement ratio mortar. The compressive strength increases with increasing strain rate. With increase in strain rate, the dynamic increase factor(DIF) increases. However, this increase in DIF with increase in strain rate does not appear to be a function of the water-to-cement ratio. The critical compressive strain increases with the strain rate.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 50639050)
文摘Coarse aggregates are the major infrastructure materials of concrete-faced rock-fill dams and are consolidated to bear upper and lateral loads. With the increase of dam height, high confining pressure and complex stress states complicate the shear behavfor of coarse aggregates, and thus impede the high dam＇s proper construction, operation and maintenance. An experimental program was conducted to study the shear behavior of dam coarse aggregates using a large-scale triaxial shear apparatus. Through triaxial shear tests, the strain-stress behaviors of aggregates were observed under constant confining pressures： 300 kPa, 600 kPa 900 kPa and 1200 kPa. Shear strengths and aggregate breakage characteristics associated with high pressure shear processes are discussed. Stress path tests were conducted to observe and analyze coarse aggregate response under complex stress states. In triaxial shear tests, it was found that peak deviator stresses increase along with confining pressures, whereas the peak principal stress ratios decrease as confining pressures increase With increasing confining pressures, the dilation decreases and the contraction eventually prevails. Initial strength parameters （Poisson＇s ratio and tangent modulus） show a nonlinear relationship with confining pressures when the pressures are relatively low. Shear strength parameters decrease with increasing confining pressures. The failure envelope lines are convex curves, with clear curvature under low confining pressures. Under moderate confining pressures, dilation is offset by particle breakage. Under high confining pressures, dilation disappears.
文摘Accurate prediction of stress-strain behavior of metals as a function of arbitrary temperature and strain rate paths has remained a challenge. The Mechanical Threshold Stress constitutive model is one formalism that has emerged following several decades of research. Vast experience has accumulated with the application of the Mechanical Threshold Stress model over a wide variety of pure metals and alloys. Out of this has arisen common trends across metal systems. The magnitude of activation energies presents one example of this, where these variables consistently increase in magnitude as the obstacle to dislocation motion transitions from short range to long range. Trends in strain hardening are also observed. In Face-Centered Cubic metals the magnitude of strain hardening scales with the stacking fault energy;trends in Body-Centered Cubic metals are less clear. Model parameters derived for over twenty metals and alloys are tabulated. Common trends should guide future application of the MTS model and further model development.
文摘为明确热塑性塑料塑性变形阶段加载-卸载-再加载的力学行为,采用注塑成型方法制备了哑铃型聚丙烯试样,进行了单轴拉伸实验。实验结果表明:所制备的试样具有良好的性能稳定性,试验结果重现性好,应力-应变曲线符合部分结晶热塑性塑料的一般行为。通过不同应变速率测试结合断口形貌扫描电子显微镜(scanning electron microscope,SEM)观察,表明应变速率超过50 mm/min时,试样由韧性断裂转变为脆性断裂,断口形貌由穿晶断裂形貌转变为河流花样形貌。聚丙烯的加载-卸载-再加载测试表明,在低应变速率情况下,塑料在再加载之后的应力-应变曲线存在明显的再屈服行为,与金属的包辛格效应存在明显不同。加载-卸载-再加载的应力-应变曲线会出现第二个屈服点,其屈服应力低于第一屈服应力,并且其数值与卸载点应变无关。研究结果为热塑性塑料塑性阶段的加工和使用提供理论支持。
