Stress Relief Measurements in Young Adults and Adolescents—A Comparative Pilot Study with Different Relaxation Programs

Background: Chronic stress is a emotional challenge. Constant pressure presents a serious risk of damage to mental and physical health and hence is associated with increased incidence of various diseases. The ability to cope with chronic stress may be a function of psychological resilience including intellectual capacities, but more so of external factors such as life experience and education. Adolescents are more vulnerable to chronic stress than adults. The measures introduced during the COVID-19 pandemic brought up major societal problems. As both children and adolescents lost their life anchors, the prevalence of stress in adolescents increased from 20% to 45%. Chronic psychological stress can impede the normal development of schoolchildren. It may cause anxiety, social withdrawal, interpersonal conflicts and aggression. This applies particularly to those in puberty, with the adolescent already facing unstable social bonds and elevated fear about the future. It is likely that the puberty cohort accounts for the dramatic increase in the prevalence of stress. Since it impacts public health, chronic stress among school-age children is increasingly taking on a socio-political dimension. Non-clinical stress intervention studies can investigate how to achieve stress reduction in school children. Methods: In a small pilot study, we analysed the effects of a training program with four different standard interventions, i.e. mindfulness training, progressive muscle reflection, autogenic training, and sound meditation. We obtained baseline scores of 10 stress-indicators, and re-tested after the interventions were performed. Results: The four applied interventions resulted in a reduction of 8 (out of 10) stress-indicators, such as “feeling stressed” or stress related symptoms (headaches, dizziness, sweating). This positive impact of the interventions significantly reduced “Fears about the future” (p Discussion: School children recognise the positive potential of stress reducing training or interventions. Our results provide evidence in support of integrating the training of relaxation techniques in the school curriculum. We propose that a larger study be undertaken to determine which methods would be most effective.

Non-complete relief method for measuring surface stresses in surrounding rocks

The measurement of surface stresses in surrounding rocks with the use of a relief method of annular hole-drilling was studied by numerical analysis. The stress relief process by hole-drilling was then simulated with the use of finite element method. The influences of the borehole diameter(d), the initial stresses and the ratio of the initial principle stresses on the variations of the remained stress and the released stress in function of the relief depth(h) were discussed. The relation between the non-dimensional ratio of the released principle strains and that of the initial principle stresses, and the effect of the elastic modulus and the Poisson ratio of the rock mass on the stress relief curves were studied. The results show that the stress relief behavior formulated with the non-dimensional ratio of the released stress and the ratio of h/d is only sensitive to the ratio of the initial principle stresses and the Poisson ratio. The stresses are completely released when h equals 1.6d, and the tensile stresses take place on the bore core surface in the relief measurement process. Finally, a non-complete relief method of annular hole-drilling for measuring surface stress in surrounding rocks is proposed and the procedure is presented.

SIMULATION OF VIBRATION STRESS RELIEF AFTER WELDING BASED ON FEM

A finite element model is developed for the simulation of vibration stress relief （VSR） after welding. For the nonresonant vibration, the reduction in stress strongly depends on the amplitude of vibration. For the resonant vibration, the vibration frequency is the key for stress relief. The vibration frequency should be close to the structure natural frequency for the desired vibration mode. Only small vibration amplitude is required, which will be amplified during vibration. Vibration time does not have a major impact on vibration stress relief. When the amplitude of vibration stress relief is large, the treatment will be more effective.

TECHNOLOGY OF QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS ON VIBRATORY STRESS RELIEF BASED ON ULTRASONIC TIME-OF-ARRIVAL METHOD

The effect of vibratory stress relief （VSR） is usually evaluated with the indirect method of observing the change of amplitude frequency response characteristics of structures. A new kind of evaluating method of VSR based on the ultrasonic time-of-arrival method （UTM）, which can obtain the residual stress directly through measuring the propagation time of ultrasonic wave in the material, is presented. At first, the principle of the measuring method of residual stress based on UTM is analyzed. Then the measuring system of the method is described, which is in virtue of ultrasonic flaw detector and high-sampling-rate digital oscillograph. And a set of calibration system that contains a piece of standard specimen is also introduced. Experimental results prove the relation between the residual stress and the propagation time of ultrasonic in workpieces. Finally, the measuring and calibration systems are applied in evaluating the effect of VSR. The final test results show that the method is effective.

Influence of Cultural Alienation on Happiness of Overseas Students: Mediating Role of Stress Relief and Regulating Role of Cultural Intelligence

When the global outbreak of new coronary pneumonia broke out in 2020,online public opinion events triggered by cultural differences among overseas students had come into the public view.To further explore the relationship between the cultural alienation of overseas students and their own happiness,this study takes visualization and analysis of positive,negative sentiment analysis of Weibo netizens’comment data in the“Xu Kexin Incident”as the starting point,on the basis of introducing cultural alienation,stress relief methods,and cultural intelligence,combining gender and social ability,social relations and other individual attributes,designed a questionnaire to investigate 502 overseas students,through the construction and analysis of the adjusted Cox risk ratio intermedi-ary model,comprehensive single factor interference and multi-factor cross-over comprehensive analysis.The results show that the cultural alienation of overseas students has a significant effect on their own well-being.The study concluded as follows:(1)Netizens hold polarized views on the three dimensions of overseas students’mask,safety,and culture;(2)Stress relief methods play an intermediary role between cultural alienation and the happiness of overseas students,among which Negative stress relief methods play a greater role;(3)The level of cultural intelligence regulates the intermediary process of stress relief methods.The higher the level of cultural intelligence,the stronger the regulatory effect.

A Numerical Investigation of the Stress Relief Zones Around a Longwall Face in the Lower Seam for Gas Drainage Considerations

Extraction of a protective coal seam (PVCS)-below or above a coal seam to be mined with the potential of coal andgas outburst risk-plays an important role not only in decreasing the stress field in the surrounding rock mass but alsoin increasing the gas desorption capacity and gas flow permeability in the protected coal seam (PTCS). The PVCSis mined to guarantee the safe mining of the PTCS. This study has numerically evaluated the stress redistributioneffects using FLAC3D model for a longwall face in Shanxi Province. The effects of mining depth, mining height andinter-burden rock mass properties were evaluated using the stress relief angle and stress relief coefficient. Verticalstress distribution, stress relief angle and stress relief coefficient in the PTCS were analyzed as the face advancedin the PVCS. The results showed that the stress relief achieved in different locations of the PTCS varied as the faceadvanced. Sensitivity analyses on the pertinent variables indicate that the stress relief in the PTCS is affected mostby the mining depth followed by the inter-burden lithology and the mining height. Furthermore, the elastic moduliof different layers within the inter-burden rock mass are more important than their uniaxial compressive strength(UCS) and Poisson’s ratio. These observations can guide gas drainage borehole design to minimize the accidentsof coal and gas outbursts.

Evaluation of residual stress relief of aluminum alloy 7050 by using crack compliance method

High strength aluminum alloys of 7xxx series have unacceptable levels of quenching residual stresses from solution heat treatment. The residual stress not only results in machining distortion and dimensional instability, but also increases the possibility of stress corrosion cracks. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the residual stress to an acceptable level. The crack compliance method was adopted to study the influences of various stress relief methods on residual stress patterns in 7050 aluminum alloy. The results show that 90% residual stress can be eliminated by the cold stretching(Tx51) method. And a lower level of residual stress can be achieved by the uphill quenching(Tx53) method or the cold compression(Tx52). However, there is a very steep residual stress gradient normal to exterior surfaces.

Stress relief and crystal face transition process contribute to the stability of zinc anodes

Zn electrodes are suffering the dendrite growth owing to the enrichment of local space charge, distinct exposed face and residual stress. In this work, we investigated the crystal face properties and stress state of Zn foil through static energy calculations, dynamic crystal growth analysis and finite element simulation of stress states. Then thermal driven is deployed to modify the exposure face and residual stress of Zn foil, aiming for a dendrite-free electrode. The calculation of surface energies and simulation of crystal growth models for different crystal faces indicate that the(0 0 1) face can maintain stability during deposition. Inspired by this mechanism, the(1 0 1) exposed commercial Zn foil is modified by thermal processing. Firstly, the exposure level of the(0 0 1) face increases, though only the peak corresponding to the(0 0 2) crystal face is observed, due to the extinction effect of the densely packed plane(0 0 1) face.Further, the surface morphology becomes smooth and the stress is released with the progresses time.These stress relief and crystal face transition process strengthen the uniformity of ion distribution, and increase the interface stability during the crystal growth, which reduce the defect sites in the deposition.As a result, the Zn electrode exhibits tiny voltage hysteresis and outstanding cycle stability, which reveals improved electrochemical performance. Additionally, Li and Na can also be improved in exposed crystal faces and release strain energy through similar methods to enhance cycling stability.

Theoretical framework for stress relief-support reinforcement cooperative control of rock bursts in deep coal mining

With the increasing depth of coal mining each year,rock burst has emerged as one of the most severe dynamic disasters in deep mining.The research status of rock burst prevention and control theory is summarized.Focused on deep coal mining,the major issues encountered in researching the prevention theory of rock bursts are summarized.Subsequently,the scientific connotation theory of stress relief-support reinforcement cooperative prevention and control of rock bursts in deep coal mines is proposed.Then,the mechanisms underlying the major research directions of the theory of stress relief-support reinforcement coordinated prevention and control and present a preliminarily theoretical framework for stress relief-support reinforcement coordinated prevention and control are outlined.To tackle the key scientific problems in the coordinated prevention and control of rock bursts on relief and support in deep mine,the in-depth research based on the synergetic theory is conducted.This involved exploring the principles of near-field coal mass stress relief,near-field roof andfloor stress relief,and anchor support.Additionally,the stress-energy evolution processes of the roadway near-field surrounding rock structure under various stress relief and anchor support modes be analyzed.Subsequently,a mechanical model for the optimized matching of stress relief surrounding rock and anchor support is established,with the control of the rock burst energy source at its core.Finally,the principle of collaborative prevention and control of deep mining rock burst stress relief and support from the perspectives of structural synergy,strength synergy,and stiffness synergy is elucidated.This insight is expected to provide theoretical support for the research and development of designs and techniques for deep mining rock burst prevention and control.

Adverse effects of early-life stress:focus on the rodent neuroendocrine system

Early-life stress is associated with a high prevalence of mental illnesses such as post-traumatic stress disorders,attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder,schizophrenia,and anxiety or depressive behavior,which constitute major public health problems.In the early stages of brain development after birth,events such as synaptogenesis,neuron maturation,and glial differentiation occur in a highly orchestrated manner,and external stress can cause adverse long-term effects throughout life.Our body utilizes multifaceted mechanisms,including neuroendocrine and neurotransmitter signaling pathways,to appropriately process external stress.Newborn individuals first exposed to early-life stress deploy neurogenesis as a stress-defense mechanism;however,in adulthood,early-life stress induces apoptosis of mature neurons,activation of immune responses,and reduction of neurotrophic factors,leading to anxiety,depression,and cognitive and memory dysfunction.This process involves the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis and neurotransmitters secreted by the central nervous system,including norepinephrine,dopamine,and serotonin.The rodent early-life stress model is generally used to experimentally assess the effects of stress during neurodevelopment.This paper reviews the use of the early-life stress model and stress response mechanisms of the body and discusses the experimental results regarding how early-life stress mediates stress-related pathways at a high vulnerability of psychiatric disorder in adulthood.

Can Physical Activities Suppress Negative Impact of Stress on the Mental Health of Adolescents?

Early adolescence is a crucial developmental phase marked by significant physical,cognitive,and socioemotional changes.While stress is widely recognized as a notable risk factor during this period,not all individuals experiencing stress concurrently manifest compromised mental health.The association between stress and mental health outcomes is influenced by individual differences in characteristics and coping strategies.This study’s purpose was to assess the negative impact of stress on mental health,specifically focusing on symptoms of anxiety,depression,and psychological distress.Additionally,the research investigates whether different levels of physical activity can suppress the negative effects of stress.A total of 212 upper elementary school students(52.8%girls and 47.2%boys)from rural and urban areas voluntarily participated in the research.Participants online self-assessed on several measures:The Young Person’s CORE,Children’s Anxiety Scale,Children’s Depression Inventory,School Stress Intensity Scale for Students,and Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children.The results revealed a significant increase in adolescents experiencing impaired mental health.More than two-thirds(67.5%)of students self-assessed significant symptoms of depression,additionally,57.5%of them had significant symptoms of psychological distress,and 27.8%had significant symptoms of anxiety.Stress demonstrated a significant direct negative effect,leading to increased symptoms of anxiety(t=5.35,p=0.00)and psychological distress(t=4.29,p=0.00);however,there was no significant influence on depression(t=1.33,p=0.18)).Regarding regular physical activity,a significant moderating effect was identified,effectively suppressing the negative impact of stress on anxiety(F=3.88(2,206);p=0.02).In contrast,no significant moderation effect of physical activity was found for symptoms of depression(F=1.45(2,206);p=0.24)and psychological distress(F=1.14(2,206);p=0.32),highlighting a complex and intricate association between physical activity and various mental health outcomes.In conclusion,the practical implications of this study emphasize the importance of creating environments that reduce stressors for adolescents and promote regular physical activity as a means of fostering positive mental health outcomes.

Psychological stress impact neurotrophic factor levels in patients with androgenetic alopecia and correlated with disease progression

BACKGROUND Androgenetic alopecia(AGA)is a common form of hair loss that can be influenced by psychological factors.AIM To investigate the impact of mental stress on neurotrophic factors in patients with AGA and correlate the findings with the progression of AGA.METHODS A total of 120 patients with AGA were analyzed in this study,which were divided into a non-stress group(n=30)and a stress group(n=90)on the basis of the presence or absence of psychological stress confirmed by Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 scale.The baseline demographic characteristics,serum cortisol levels,hair growth parameters,neurotrophic factors,and AGA progression scores between the non-stress and stress groups were compared.Correlation analyses were conducted to assess the relationships among stress,neurotrophic factors,hair loss progression,and AGA progression.RESULTS This study revealed significantly higher cortisol levels throughout the day in the stress group than in the non-stress group.The stress group exhibited lower levels of nerve growth factor,brain-derived neurotrophic factor,and glial cell linederived neurotrophic factor and higher expression levels of neurotrophin(NT)-3 and NT-4 than the non-stress group.Hair parameters indicated lower hair diameter,decreased hair density,and more severe AGA grading in the stress group,whereas follicle count and terminal/vellus hair ratio showed no significant differences between the two groups.After 1 year of treatment with 5%minoxidil,efficacy was observed to be lower but AGA progression was notably more pronounced in the stress group than in the non-stress group.Disease progression was positively correlated with high stress and NT-4 levels.CONCLUSION This study provides compelling evidence of the influence of mental stress on neurotrophic factors and its correlation with the progression of AGA.The findings underscore the need for a comprehensive approach to the management of AGA that considers the physiological and psychosocial aspects.Further research is warranted to validate the findings and explore targeted therapeutic interventions for individuals with stress-related AGA.

The Effects of Accumulated Short Bouts of Mobile-Based Physical Activity Programs on Depression,Perceived Stress,and Negative Affectivity among College Students in South Korea:Quasi-Experimental Study

Regular physical activity(PA)is known to enhance multifaceted health benefits,including both physical and mental health.However,traditional in-person physical activity programs have drawbacks,including time constraints for busy people.Although evidence suggests positive impacts on mental health through mobile-based physical activity,effects of accumulated short bouts of physical activity using mobile devices are unexplored.Thus,this study aims to investigate these effects,focusing on depression,perceived stress,and negative affectivity among South Korean college students.Forty-six healthy college students were divided into the accumulated group(n=23,female=47.8%)and control group(n=23,female=47.6%).The accumulated group engaged in mobile-based physical activity,following guidelines to accumulate a minimum of two times per day and three times a week.Sessions were divided into short bouts,ensuing each bout lasted at least 10 min.The control group did not engage in any specific physical activity.The data analysis involved comparing the scores of the intervention and control groups using several statistical techniques,such as independent sample t-test,paired sample t-tests,and 2(time)×2(group)repeated measures analysis of variance.The demographic characteristics at the pre-test showed no statistically significant differences between the groups.The accumulated group had significant decreases in depression(t_(40)=2.59,p=0.013,Cohen’s D=0.84)and perceived stress(t_(40)=2.06,p=0.046,Cohen’s D=0.56)from the pre-to post-test.The control group exhibited no statistically significant differences in any variables.Furthermore,there were significant effects of time on depression scores(F1,36=4.77,p=0.036,η_(p)^(2)=0.12)while significant interaction effects were also observed for depression(F_(1,36)=6.59,p=0.015,η_(p)^(2)=0.16).This study offers informative insights into the potential advantages of mobile-based physical activity programs with accumulated periods for enhancing mental health,specifically in relation to depression.This study illuminates the current ongoing discussions on efficient approaches to encourage mobile-based physical activity and improve mental well-being,addressing various lifestyles and busy schedules.

The Risk Role of Defeat on the Mental Health of College Students:A Moderated Mediation Effect of Academic Stress and Interpersonal Relationships

Background:College students face significant academic and physiological changes,making them more susceptible to psychological issues such as depression,self-injury,and suicidal ideation.Feelings of defeat can exacerbate these risks by increasing academic stress.However,interpersonal relationships can moderate the impact of academic stress on students’mental health.Utilizing the presage–process–product model,this study aims to empirically investigate how feelings of defeat influence depression,self-injury,and suicidal ideation among college students.Additionally,it explores the mediating role of academic stress and the moderating role of various types of interpersonal relationships.Methods:A total of 1612 college students(750 females,862 males,mean age=19.64±0.62 years)were recruited through cluster sampling.Data were collected via offline questionnaires administered by a trained psychology teacher and a postgraduate student,ensuring high reliability with two examiners per class.Latent profile analysis(LPA)was used to examine the impact of defeat on mental health outcomes,while mediation analysis was conducted to assess the roles of academic stress and interpersonal relationships.Results:1.Defeat is identified as a significant risk factor for mental health issues among college students;2.Four distinct patterns of interpersonal relationships were identified:the interpersonal-relationship risk group,the father–child-relationship high-risk group,the general interpersonal-relationship group,and the superior interpersonal-relationship group;3.Academic stress partially mediates the relationship between defeat and mental health issues such as depression,self-injury,and suicidal ideation;4.Different interpersonal relationship models moderate the impact of academic stress on depression and suicidal ideation.Conclusion:Defeat is a significant risk factor for mental health problems in college students.Academic stress partially mediates the negative impact of defeat on mental health,while patterns of interpersonal relationships moderate this impact.Effective early prevention and intervention should focus on monitoring students’stress levels and fostering warm,positive parent–child relationships.

Managing Homework-Related Stress:Strategies for Balancing Academic Demands and Mental Well-Being in Students

This paper examines the growing issue of homework-related stress among students,focusing on the impact of academic demands,parental expectations,and social comparisons on students’mental health.While homework serves as an important educational tool,its excessive volume and pressure can lead to psychological issues such as anxiety,depression,and burnout.Parental involvement,although beneficial,can heighten stress when coupled with unrealistic expectations.Additionally,social media exacerbates these pressures by promoting comparisons and idealized standards.The paper proposes a holistic approach,involving educators,parents,and students,to mitigate these stressors.Key strategies include assigning meaningful homework,fostering open communication,teaching time management skills,and encouraging a balance between academic success and mental well-being.By addressing homework-related stress,students can be supported in achieving both academic and personal success while maintaining their mental health.

Representation of residual stress symbol in the technical product documentation

A representation of residual stress graphic symbols in technical product documents is studied.The residual stress state of the product can be annotated in the technical product documents such as design drawings,process documents,test reports,papers and monographs.The composition of residual stress and the design of basic symbols,measurement method symbols,relief method symbols and state symbols of residual stress,and the representation of annotation for residual stress in documents are introduced.Residual stress symbol can be used in the design,manufacturing,inspection and service for the residual stress state requirements of the products in the mechanical manufacturing industry,as well as in light industry,daily necessities and other related industries.

Analysis and formulation of spur gear stresses with different tip modifications

Spur gears are widely used in the power transmission mechanism of several machines.Due to the transmitted torque,spur gears experience high stresses which could cause gear tooth failure by surface pitting or root fracture.Tip relief and other gear profile modification have been considered for reducing the induced stresses in the gear tooth.In this work,the influence of tip relief on stresses on a pair of identical spur gear was analyzed using commercial FEA software ANSYS,and formulae for estimating contact and bending stresses were derived.Three cases of gear sets were analyzed;a non-modified pair and another two sets with linear and parabolic tip relief profiles.The non-modified gear set frictionless contact stress was validated against the calculated AGMA pitting resistance,Hertzian contact stress and a reported contact stress value in the literature.The four methods agreed well with each other.Similarly,bending stress was also compared with the AGMA bending strength and Lewis bending stress for validation.Then,friction coefficient was varied from 0.0 to 0.3 with increment of 0.1.The gear contact stress increased up to 11%relative to the frictionless case,whereas bending stress decreased by 6%.Linear tip relief modification was carried out for increasing normalised tip relief values of 0.25 to 1.0 with increment of 0.25.The gear frictionless contact and bending stresses decreased by a maximum of 4%and 2%,respectively.Frictional contact stress increased by up to 7.1%and the bending stress is almost identical with the frictionless case.Parabolic tip relief was also carried out with similar normalised tip relief values.Frictionless contact stress decreased by 5%while frictional contact stress increased by up to 11.5%and the bending stress is also almost identical with the frictionless case.Finally,four formulae were introduced for estimating the contact and bending stresses for a tip modified spur gear.

Principle of in-situ 3D rock stress measurement with borehole wall stress relief method and its preliminary applications to determination of in-situ rock stress orientation and magnitude in Jinping hydropower station

As a main constituent of geological body, the rock masses have distinct differences from other materials, one of which is that rock masses are initially stressed in their natural states. Hence, it is an extremely challenging and significant research project to know the present residual stress of the rock masses in the earth's crust. Although some regularities of distribution of in-situ rock stresses can be deduced, the basic means to study the state of rock stress is in-situ stress measurement. After a brief review of several measuring methods of in-situ 3D rock stress, a new one, borehole wall stress relief method (BWSRM) to determine the in-situ 3D rock stress tensor in a single drilled borehole was proposed. Based on the principle of in-situ rock stress measurement with BWSRM, an original geostress measuring instrument was designed and manufactured. Preliminary experiments for determination of in-situ stress orientation and magnitude were carried out at an experimental tunnel in Jinping Ⅱ hydropower station in China, where the buried depth of overburden was about 2430 m. The results showed that it was feasible to measure the in-situ 3D rock stresses with BWSRM presented in this paper. The BWSRM has a broad prospect for in-situ 3D rock stress measurements in practical rock engineering.

Determination of mining-induced stresses using diametral rock core deformations

Knowledge of ground stresses is crucial for ground control activities such as the design of underground openings,selec-tion of support systems,and analysis for stability.However,it is a known fact that far field stresses experience changes in orientation and magnitude due to the presence of geological structures and due to the excavations created by mining activi-ties.As a result,in-situ stresses around drifts,ramps,and stopes in underground mines are quite different from far field or pre-mining stresses.The purpose of this research is to develop a simple and practical methodology for determining in-situ stresses.Stress relief occurs once the rock core is drilled off.Such relief is a function of the surrounding stress field.This study uses exploration rock cores that are drilled off for the purpose of orebody definition in the underground mine.The method measures and analyzes the diametral core deformations in laboratory.Two case studies from operating underground mines are presented for demonstration.In these case studies,rock core deformations are measured with a customized test apparatus and rock samples were prepared and tested for Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio.The differential stress,namely the difference between the local principal stresses in the plane perpendicular to the core rock axis is calculated.It is shown that this methodology is useful for determining the brittle shear ratio in the rock mass,which is of primary interest to ground control studies.

Comparative Analysis of the Distribution Characteristics of Floor Stress Field between Gob-Side Entry Retaining with Roof Cutting and Conventional Mining

All coal fields in North China are affected by floor confined water to varying degrees, floor failure and water inrush risk have always been a major problem to baffle coal mining activities. Roof cutting and pressure relief and the lack of protective coal pillar can cause the change of floor stress field, leading to the change of the floor failure depth, stress field of floor is the key to determine the depth of floor failure. In order to deeply study the distribution characteristics of floor stress field in gob-side entry retaining mining with roof cutting, taking the 50107 and 50109 working faces of Dongdong Coal Mine in Chenghe as the research objects, the numerical simulation software is used to simulate the floor stress field distribution of gob-side entry retaining mining with roof cutting and conventional mining. The distribution characteristics of the floor stress field of the working face are compared and analyzed under the three modes of conventional mining of reserved coal pillar, the first mining face of gob-side entry retaining with roof cutting and gob-side entry retaining with roof cutting. The results show that the peak stress concentration in front of the working face all occurs at 10 m under the three mining modes. The stress concentration area in front of conventional working face of reserved coal pillar is mainly in the middle of the working face. The stress concentration area in front of the first working face of gob-side entry retaining with roof cutting (50107) is located in the middle of the working face and the side of the working face of the retaining roadway. The stress concentration area of the working face (50109) is mainly in the middle and the two ends of the working face. The order of the peak value of the maximum concentrated stress in front of the working face is conventional working face of reserved coal pillar > the first working face of gob-side entry retaining with roof cutting (50107) > working face of gob-side entry retaining with roof cutting (50109). There is a stress reduction zone behind the working face, but there is a stress concentration phenomenon extending to the outside of the roadway, and the stress distribution is obviously different. Conventional working face of reserved coal pillar and the first working face of gob-side retaining with roof cutting (50107) show a double peak form of stress concentration on the outside of the two ends of the roadway, and the peak value of the concentrated stress at the rear of the working face is in the following order: On the side close to the transportation roadway, conventional working face of reserved coal pillar = the first working face of gob-side entry retaining with roof cutting (50107) > working face of gob-side entry retaining with roof cutting (50109);on the side close to the return airway, conventional working face of reserved coal pillar > the first working face of gob-side entry retaining with roof cutting (50107) > working face of gob-side entry retaining with roof cutting (50109).