Comparative genomic analysis of N6-methyladenosine regulators in nine rosaceae species and functional characterization in response to drought stress in pear

N 6-methylated adenine(m6 A)is an emerging epigenetic marker in eukaryotic organisms that plays an important role in biological functions and in enriching genetic information.m6 A exerts these functions via the dynamic interplay among m6 A writers,erasers,and readers.However,little is known about the underlying mechanisms of m6 A in plant growth and stress responses.Here,we identified 276 masked m6 A regulators from nine Rosaceae species(Pyrus bretschneideri,Pyrus betulifolia,Pyrus communis,Malus domestica,Fragaria vesca,Prunus avium,Prunus mume,Prunus persica,and Rubus occidentalis).We classified and named these genes in more detail based on phylogenetic and synteny analysis.The expansion of m6 A regulators in Maloideae was dated back to the recent whole-genome duplication(WGD)in Rosaceae.Based on the expression pattern analysis and gene structure analysis of m6 A regulators,m6 A was shown to be a significant factor in regulating plant development and resistance.In addition,PbrMTA1-silenced pear plants displayed significantly reduced drought tolerance and chlorophyll content,as well as increased electrolyte leakage and concentrations of malondialdehyde and H2 O2.

Focal mechanism of Luding M 6.8 earthquake, September 2022 and analysis of the loading role of the tectonic stress on the seismogenic fault

To reveal the seismogenic mechanism of the Luding earthquake, we employed the 118 China Seismic Network stations to collect the P-wave polarity data from each station, which was then used in the P-wave first motion approach to calculate the focal mechanism solution of the M6.8 Luding earthquake that occurred on September 5,2022. We have also studied the loading effect of tectonic stress on the Luding earthquake fault based on the stress field data for the research area. The results indicate that this earthquake was a strike-slip type, the nodal plane I:strike 167°, dip angle 78°, slip angle 2°;Nodal plane II: strike 77°, dip angle 88°, slip angle 168°. The two fault planes’ instability coefficients of the Luding earthquake are examined considering the region’s background stress field’s condition. The nodal plane I in the Moho circle is discovered to practically coincide with the Coulomb failure line and the tangent point of the Moho circle, indicating that this nodal plane has a high instability coefficient compared to the nodal plane II. The conclusion is that the nodal plane I has a higher likelihood of being the seismogenic fault plane, which is congruent with the seismogenic fault plane suggested by the aftershock distribution, the earthquake radiation energy distribution of a single station, and seismic intensity distribution.The Luding earthquake’s focal mechanism is highly like the theoretical focal mechanism of the fault situated at the location where the Coulomb failure line intersects the Mohr circle, demonstrating that background stress is what caused the earthquake. The substantial fault instability and similarity between the solved and theoretical focal mechanisms make it easier to comprehend the loading effect of tectonic stress on the Luding earthquake fault.

Oxidative stress in humans following the Pringle manoeuvre

BACKGROUND: Oxidative stress is induced in the liver by application of the Pringle manoeuvre. Malondialdehyde is a carbonyl compound formed during lipid peroxidation and prostaglandin biosynthesis, which combines with DNA to form a number of adducts. Among them is the DNA ad-duct; 3-(2-deoxybeta-dierythropentafuranosyl) pyr [1,2-alpha]-purin-10(3H) one or M1G. This study was undertaken to determine the suitability of M1G as a novel marker of ischemia-reperfusion injury in the liver and its correlation with both the length of Pringle clamp application and the overall length of the operation. METHODS: Normal and colorectal liver metastatic tissues were obtained in 12 patients before and after application of the Pringle manoeuvre. All samples were snap-frozen in liquid nitrogen at -80 ℃. DNA was extracted and M1G quantification was performed by immunoslotblot analysis. RESULTS: M1G levels in normal liver tissue were 4.0 + 1.0 per 107 nucleotides before the Pringle manoeuvre and 7.4 ± 1.0 per 10 nucleotides after the Pringle manoeuvre (mean ± standard deviation) (P<0.05 by ANOVA). M1G levels in malignant liver tissue were 2.5 ±1.4 per 107 nucleotides before the Pringle manoeuvre and 6. 5 ±1.9 adducts per 10 nucleotides after the Pringle manoeuvre (P <0. 05). Ad-duct levels in normal liver tissue showed a significant correlation with cumulative period of Pringle application. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first time that the tissue levels of M1G before and after application of the Pringle manoeuvre have been studied. The results show that the Pringle manoeuvre exerts significant oxidative stress in human hepa-tocytes, which is Pringle-time dependent. The results highlight the potential for oxidative DNA adducts levels as a tool for measuring the severity of ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Antioxidative stress-induced damage in cochlear explants

The imbalance of reactive oxygen species and antioxidants is considered to be an important factor in the cellular injury of the inner ear. At present, great attention has been placed on oxidative stress. However,little is known about fighting oxidative stress. In the current study, we evaluated antioxidant-induced cochlear damage by applying several different additional antioxidants. To determine whether excessive antioxidants can cause damage to cochlear cells, we treated cochlear explants with 50 m M M40403, a superoxide dismutase mimetic, 50 m M coenzyme Q-10, a vitamin-like antioxidant, or 50 m M d-methionine, an essential amino acid and the important antioxidant glutathione for 48 h. Control cochlear explants without the antioxidant treatment maintained their normal structures after incubation in the standard serum-free medium for 48 h, indicating the maintenance of the inherent oxidative and antioxidant balance in these cochlear explants. In contrast, M40403 and coenzyme Q-10-treated cochlear explants displayed significant hair cell damage together with slight damage to the auditory nerve fibers.Moreover, d-methiodine-treated explants exhibited severe damage to the surface structure of hair cells and the complete loss of the spiral ganglion neurons and their peripheral fibers. These results indicate that excessive antioxidants are detrimental to cochlear cells, suggesting that inappropriate dosages of antioxidant treatments can interrupt the balance of the inherent oxidative and antioxidant capacity in the cell.

Edge Structure of Reynolds Stress and Poloidal Flow on the HL-1M Tokamak

The measurement on radial profile of electrostatic Reynolds stress, plasma poloidal rotations, radial and poloidal electric field have been performed in the plasma boundary region of the HL-IM Tokamak using a multi-array of Mach/Langmuir probes. In the experiments of Lower Hybrid Current Drive (LHCD), Supersonic Molecular Beam injection (SMBI), Multi-shot Pellet Injection (MPI) and Neutral Beam injection (NBI), the correlation between the Reynolds stress and poloidal flow in the edge plasma is presented. The results indicate that a sheared poloidal flow can be generated in Tokamak plasma due to radially varying Reynolds stress.

The ROCK pathway inhibitor Y-27632 mitigates hypoxia and oxidative stress-induced injury to retinal Müller cells

Rho kinase （ROCK） was the first downstream Rho effector found to mediate RhoA-induced actin cytoskeletal changes through effects on myosin light chain phosphorylation. There is abundant evidence that the ROCK pathway participates in the pathogenesis of retinal endothelial injury and proliferative epiretinal membrane traction. In this study, we investigated the effect of the ROCK pathway inhibitor Y-27632 on retinal Müller cells subjected to hypoxia or oxidative stress. Müller cells were subjected to hypoxia or oxidative stress by exposure to CoCl2 or H2O2. After a 24-hour treatment with Y-27632, the 3-（4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl）-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay was used to assess the survival of Müller cells. Hoechst 33258 was used to detect apoptosis, while 2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate was used to measure reactive oxygen species generation. A transwell chamber system was used to examine the migration ability of Müller cells. Western blot assay was used to detect the expression levels of α-smooth muscle actin, glutamine synthetase and vimentin. After treatment with Y-27632, Müller cells subjected to hypoxia or oxidative stress exhibited a morphology similar to control cells. Y-27632 reduced apoptosis, α-smooth muscle actin expression and reactive oxygen species generation under oxidative stress, and it reduced cell migration under hypoxia. Y-27632 also upregulated glutamine synthetase expression under hypoxia but did not impact vimentin expression. These findings suggest that Y-27632 protects Müller cells against cellular injury caused by oxidative stress and hypoxia by inhibiting the ROCK pathway.

Role of endoplasmic reticulum stress in the loss of retinal ganglion cells in diabetic retinopathy

Endoplasmic reticulum stress is closely involved in the early stage of diabetic retinopathy. In the present study, a streptozotocin-induced diabetic animal model was given an intraperitoneal injection of tauroursodeoxycholic acid. Results from immunofluorescent co-localization experiments showed that both caspase-12 protein and c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1 phosphorylation levels significantly in- creased, which was associated with retinal ganglion cell death in diabetic retinas. The C/ERB ho- mologous protein pathway directly contributed to glial reactivity, and was subsequently responsible for neuronal loss and vascular abnormalities in diabetic retinopathy. Our experimental findings in- dicate that endoplasmic reticulum stress plays an important role in diabetes-induced retinal neu- ronal loss and vascular abnormalities, and that inhibiting the activation of the endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway provides effective protection against diabetic retinopathy.

Petroselinum crispum extract ameliorates scopolamine-induced cognitive dysfunction:role on apoptosis,inflammation and oxidative stress

This study was designed to investigate whether Petroselinum crispum(PC)extract has protective effects on the brain in the scopolamine-induced Alzheimer’s disease(AD)rat model.The rats were divided into;control,scopolamine(1 mg/kg,i.p.),galantamine(1.5 mg/kg,i.p.)and PC extract(2 g/kg,p.o.)-treated scopolamine groups.On day 14,the novel object recognition test(NORT)and Morris water maze test(MWMT)were performed and then the rats were sacrificed.Scopolamine-induced cognitive impairments observed in the NORT and MWMT,significantly improved with PC extract and galantamine treatments.Scopolamine reduced M_(1) receptor expression,Bcl-2/Bax ratio,and glutathione levels in the hippocampus and frontal cortex,while malondialdehyde levels,caspase-3/9 expressions,and acetylcholinesterase(AChE)activity were found to be increased.On the other hand,PC and galantamine treatments reversed these changes.In conclusion,PC extract has shown an ameliorative effect on the spatial and recognition memory,M_(1) receptor expression,apoptosis,oxidative stress,and increased AChE activity.Thus,it was concluded that PC could prevent AD-like conditions and can be used as a functional food.However,since animal models do not completely mimic those of humans,based on the data obtained in this study,the importance of PC on human AD should be demonstrated in future studies.

Possible effect of fluid shear stress on osteoclastogenesis

Bone remodeling is performed under the joint action of osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Since the effect of osteoclasts has been gradually recognized on bone and joint diseases, targeted researches toward osteoclasts have become a hot research field. This article reviews the relevant medical literature concerning the possible effects of the fluid shear stress (FSS) on the osteoclastogenesis chiefly from the aspects of RANKL-RANK-OPG system, the macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF), and calcitonin receptor (CTR). On the basis of the changes of the expression of osteoclastic activities, it is suggested that FSS is a potent, important regulator of bone metabolism.

Simultaneously Improving Mechanical Properties and Stress Corrosion Cracking Resistance of High-Strength Low-Alloy Steel via Finish Rolling within Non-recrystallization Temperature

The effect of hot rolling process on microstructure evolution,mechanical properties and stress corrosion cracking(SCC)resistance of high-strength low-alloy(HSLA)steels was investigated by varying the finish rolling temperature(FRT)and total rolling reduction.The results revealed granular bainite with large equiaxed grains was obtained by a total rolling reduction of60%with the FRT of 950℃(within recrystallization temperature T_(r)).The larger grain size and much less grain boundaries should account for the relatively lower strength and SCC resistance.A larger rolling reduction of 80% under the same FRT resulted in the formation of massive martensite-austenite(M/A)constituents and resultant low ductility and SCC resistance.In contrast,a good combination of strength,ductility and SCC resistance was obtained via 80% rolling reduction with the FRT of 860℃(within non-recrystallization temperature T_(nr)),probably because of the fine grain size and M/A constituents,as well as a high density of grain boundary network.

Interplay between microglia and environmental risk factors in Alzheimer's disease

Alzheimer s disease,among the most common neurodegenerative disorders,is chara cterized by progressive cognitive impairment.At present,the Alzheimer’s disease main risk remains genetic ris ks,but major environmental fa ctors are increasingly shown to impact Alzheimer’s disease development and progression.Microglia,the most important brain immune cells,play a central role in Alzheimer’s disease pathogenesis and are considered environmental and lifestyle"sensors."Factors like environmental pollution and modern lifestyles(e.g.,chronic stress,poor dietary habits,sleep,and circadian rhythm disorde rs)can cause neuroinflammato ry responses that lead to cognitive impairment via microglial functioning and phenotypic regulation.However,the specific mechanisms underlying interactions among these facto rs and microglia in Alzheimer’s disease are unclear.Herein,we:discuss the biological effects of air pollution,chronic stress,gut micro biota,sleep patterns,physical exercise,cigarette smoking,and caffeine consumption on microglia;consider how unhealthy lifestyle factors influence individual susceptibility to Alzheimer’s disease;and present the neuroprotective effects of a healthy lifestyle.Toward intervening and controlling these environmental risk fa ctors at an early Alzheimer’s disease stage,understanding the role of microglia in Alzheimer’s disease development,and to rgeting strategies to to rget microglia,co uld be essential to future Alzheimer’s disease treatments.

非线性M-C强度准则下预应力锚索加固边坡时效稳定性分析M-P法

拓展传统极限平衡方法在复杂条件下边坡稳定性分析中的适用性一直是岩土工程界的研究热点。众所周知,边坡岩土体剪切失效一般服从于非线性强度准则,而传统极限平衡方法仅适用于线性强度准则下边坡稳定性分析。此外,预应力锚索作为一种主动防护措施,可极大地即时提高边坡稳定性而被广泛应用于中、大型边坡工程加固。然而,在应力松弛、蠕变效应以及腐蚀环境影响下预应力锚索加固边坡稳定性时效特征往往被忽视。由此,基于Morgenstern-Price(M-P)法,嵌入非线性Mohr-Coulomb(M-C)强度准则,并融入应力松弛与蠕变效应下锚索预应力损失模型以及腐蚀环境下锚索性能劣化模型,从而,建立非线性强度准则下预应力锚索加固边坡安全系数时程表达式。进一步,为了解决非线性强度准则下隐式嵌套公式难以求解的问题,归零化条间法向力初始值,并应用迭代循环求解策略,在引入循环终止允许误差判别条件后,可实现边坡稳定性理论真实结果的逼近求解。经过后续算例对比分析,验证了所提方法的可行性和合理性,与此同时,还研究了不同预应力损失速率和不同锈蚀环境下预应力锚索加固边坡稳定性的时效变化规律。

基于MAPK信号通路的中药治疗急性胰腺炎作用机制研究进展

随着对急性胰腺炎(acute pancreatitis,AP)的深入研究,具有成分丰富、靶点众多特点的中药,被发现在调节机体免疫炎症反应中发挥着重要的作用,并为治疗AP提供关键方向。本文通过对近年相关文献的搜集梳理发现,由细胞外调节蛋白激酶(extracellular regulated protein kinases,ERK)1/2、c-Jun氨基末端激酶(c-Jun N-terminal kinase,JNK)、p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(mitogen-activated protein kinase,MAPK)三条主要子通路构成的MAPK信号通路在抑制炎症反应、抗氧化应激、促进细胞凋亡等方面具有显著的作用。近年来,中医药领域以MAPK信号通路为起点,发挥辨病辨证特色优势对中药方剂、中药单体、中药提取物及中药活性成分等干预AP中MAPK信号通路进行了大量的研究,并将中药治疗AP的机制归纳为调控炎症因子、介导信号因子表达以抑制炎症级联反应;通过减少活性氧产生和释放、调控氧化酶的活性达到抑制氧化应激反应;增加线粒体膜通透性调节半胱氨酸天冬氨酸蛋白酶3(Caspase-3)、B淋巴细胞瘤-2(B-cell lymphoma-2,Bcl-2)和Bcl-2相关X蛋白(Bcl-2 associated X,Bax)等蛋白与基因的表达、诱导内质网应激,进而平衡细胞凋亡,达到减轻胰腺损伤的作用。因此,本文针对目前基于MAPK信号通路中药治疗AP的相关文献进行总结分析,旨在为今后治疗AP的研究提供一定的参考。

2023年山东平原M 5.5地震对周围区域的应力影响

为深度剖析2023年山东平原M 5.5地震对周围区域的影响,首先结合不同震源机制结果确定了本次地震的震源机制中心解:节面Ⅰ走向124.02°、倾角72.37°、滑动角-19.54°,节面Ⅱ走向220.16°、倾角71.41°、滑动角-161.36°,该地震的震源机制与当地的应力场较为符合,是在当地构造应力场作用下的一次正常能量释放,并且节面Ⅱ的相对剪应力和正应力的结果比节面Ⅰ更容易破裂,再结合该地震断层走向判断节面Ⅱ为本次地震的发震断层面。然后基于本次地震的破裂模型及均匀弹性半空间模型,计算此次地震对周围地区产生的地表同震位移场及水平应变场,发现震中北侧和南侧的物质向外涌出,而西侧的物质涌入震中,在发震断层附近呈现明显的走滑机制;震中南北两侧隆升,西侧沉降;震中西侧的面应变分布呈现压缩,南北侧呈现伸张。最后计算该地震在周围主要活动断层上产生的库伦应力变化,结果表明平原M 5.5地震对沧东断裂北段、聊城—兰考断裂北段、高唐断裂、徐黑西断裂和埕西—丰二庄断裂的库伦应力变化不明显,对齐河—广饶断裂西段和临邑断裂的最大应力卸载量达到了千Pa量级,对夏口断裂和陵县—阳信断裂的库伦应力最大增加量达到百Pa量级,对沧东断裂中段的库伦应力最大增加量和卸载量均达到千Pa量级,应注意沧东断裂中段库伦应力变化较高区域的地震活动性。

2024年1月23日新疆阿克苏地区乌什县M S7.1地震对周围断层的应力影响及对余震的触发作用

为研究2024年新疆阿克苏地区乌什县M S7.1大震对周边区域应力的影响,基于美国地质调查局(USGS)给出的主震破裂模型,计算此次地震对周边地区产生的同震位移场及应变场,结果发现:体应变在震源西北侧呈现拉张,东南侧呈现挤压;面应变的分布与体应变的形态基本相似。为研究该地震对余震的触发情况,首先需要确定接收断层的断层面参数,对中国地震台网发布的2024年1月23日到2024年4月10日的余震震源机制节面聚类分析,得到两簇结果,选择标准差较小的二簇节面进行平均,得到走向为243.91°,倾角为64.97°;将乌什地震震源区的构造应力场投影到该发震断层上,得到滑动角为61.02°。将这些参数作为余震接收断层的断层面参数,同样基于USGS给出的主震断层破裂模型,计算主震产生的静态库仑应力,研究发现:区内库仑应力均超过0.01 MPa阈值,且库仑破裂应力最大值达0.3 MPa,大多数余震处于库仑应力变化的高值区;表明主震产生的静态库仑应力促进了余震的发生。为研究该地震发生对周围断层的影响,根据前人给出的周边断层的几何和滑动特性,计算在周边断裂上沿滑动方向上的库仑破裂应力变化,研究发现:本次地震对迈丹—沙依拉姆断裂库仑应力最大增加量达到0.22 MPa,喀拉铁克断裂、衣木干他乌断裂、塔塔埃尔塔格断裂、奥兹格尔他乌断裂、柯坪断裂的库仑应力变化并不明显,迈丹—沙依拉姆断裂库仑应力增加最大,应注意该断层的地震活动性。

Flow Stress Behaviors and Microstructure Evolution of 300M High Strength Steel under Isothermal Compression

The compressive deformation behaviors of 300M high strength steel were investigated over a wide range of temperatures （850- 1200 C） and strain rates （0. 001- 10 s^- 1 ） on a Gleeble-3800 thermo-mechanical simulator. The measured flow stress was modified by the corrections of the friction and the temperature compensations, which nicely reflect negative effects of the friction and temperature on the flow stress. The corrected stress-strain curves were the dynamic recrystallization type on the conditions of higher deformation temperature and lower strain rate. Flow stress increases with the increase of strain rate at the same deformation temperature and strain. By contrast, flow stress decreases with the increase of temperature at the same strain rate and strain. Dependence of the peak stress on temperature and strain rate for 300M steel is described by means of the conventional hyperbolic sine equation. By re gression analysis, the activation energy （Q） in the whole range of deformation temperature is determined to be 367. 562 kJ/mol. The effects of the temperature and the strain rate on mierostructural evolution are obvious. With the increase of the deformation temperature and the decrease of the strain rate, the original austenite grain sizes of 300M steel increase. At the same time, the corrected flow stress curves more accurately determine the evolution of the microstrueture.

Influence of thickness and initial groove angle in M–K model on limit strain of 7B04 by considering through-thickness stress

Marciniack–Kuczinski(M–K)model is widely used to predict material's forming limit curve(FLC).The prediction of FLC traditionally neglected through-thickness normal stress.However,it cannot be neglected in some forming processes.Much work has been done to study the effect of through-thickness normal stress on FLC with constant through-thickness normal stress or constant ratio of through-thickness normal stress and maximum principal stress.In addition,based on Nakazima test process,the ratio of through-thickness normal stress and maximum principal stress has been derived,which was a function of instantaneous thickness and loading path.Here,initial groove angle in M–K model was not considered.In this paper,uniaxial tension tests and Nakazima tests were performed on 7B04 aluminum alloy.Based on Hill 48 yield criterion and M–K model,the prediction model of FLC was established.The increase of thickness can enhance FLC.Meanwhile,it is necessary to consider through-thickness normal stress and initial groove angle in prediction model.On the left side of FLC,the effect of initial groove angle on FLC is weakened by increasing sheet thickness.On the right side of FLC,the effect of initial groove angle on FLC is strengthened by increasing sheet thickness.On the right side of FLC,the relation between limit strain points with different thicknesses is linear under one certain loading path.Thickness has decisive effect on through-thickness normal stress level and the changing trendy of through-thickness normal stress during calculation is different under different stress condition.

Effects of Ning Shen Ling Granule (宁神灵冲剂) and Dehydroepiandrosterone on Cognitive Function in Mice Undergoing Chronic Mild Stress

Objective： To investigate the changes of spontaneous and cognitive behavior, and cholinergic M receptors in the brain of mice subjected to chronic mild stress （CMS）, and to determine the effect of Ning Shen Ling Granule （宁神灵冲剂, NSL） and dehydroepiandrosterone （DHEA） on them. Methods：CMS model mice were established by applying stress every day for 3 consecutive weeks with 7 kinds of unforeseeable stress sources, and they were medicated for 1 week beginning at the 3rd week of modeling. The changes in behavior were determined by Morris Water Maze and spontaneous movement test, and M-receptor binding activity in cerebral cortex, hippocampus and hypothalamus were measured by radioactive ligand assay with 3H-QNB. Results： （1） The spontaneous movement in CMS model mice was significantly reduced, with the latency for searching platform in Morris Water Maze obviously prolonged （P〈0.01）, and these abnormal changes in behavior were improved in those treated with NSL and DHEA. （2） The binding ability of M-receptor in cerebral cortex and hippocampus of CMS mice was significantly decreased as compared with those in the control group （P〈0.05）, but could be restored to the normal level after intervention with NSL or DHEA. Conclusion： The decline of spontaneous movement and spatial learning and memory ability could be induced in animals by chronic mild stress, and that may be related to the low activity of central cholinergic M-receptors. Both NSL and DHEA could effectively alleviate the above-mentioned changes.

Computation method of zero-stress state of pneumatic stressed membrane structure

The whole analysis process of pneumatic stressed membrane structure contains nine states and seven analysis processes.The zero-stress state is the corner-stone of analysis and design of pneumatic stressed structure,and has significant impact on the pre-stressed state and load state.According to the logical model of the whole numerical analysis process of pneumatic stressed structure,a numerical analysis method to solve the zero-stress state from the elasticized equilibrium state was firstly proposed,called linear compatibility matrix M-P inverse method.Firstly,the pneumatic membrane stressed structure was transferred into grid structure by using membrane link to simulate membrane surface.Secondly,on the basis of equilibrium matrix theory of pin joint structure and small deformation assumption,compatibility equation of system was established.Thirdly,the unstressed length and elongation of links were calculated from the tension and material parameters of elasticized equilibrium state.Finally,using compatibility matrix M-P inverse,the nodal displacement was calculated by solving compatibility equation,the configuration of zero-stress state could be obtained through reverse superposition,and the stress was released.According to the algorithm,the program was coded with MATLAB.The correctness and efficiency of this method were verified by several numerical examples,and it could be found that one elasticized equilibrium state corresponded to one configuration of the zero-stress state.The work has theoretical significance and practical guidance value for pneumatic membrane structural design.

2022年门源M_(S)6.9地震前断层活动及应力状态的数值模拟

2022年1月8日门源M_(S)6.9地震是继1986年和2016年2次门源M_(S)6.4地震后,冷龙岭断裂西段再次发生的M_(S)>6强震。为探讨此次门源M_(S)6.9地震前近震区的断层运动、应力状态和强震多发的孕震环境,文中以地震前1991—2015期和2017—2021期GPS速度场作为边界约束,通过建立精细的三维黏弹性有限元动力学模型,计算分析了祁连山构造区在长期的构造运动环境下应力积累的基本格局,区域内断层的长期滑动速率、应力累积速率,以及这些量值在门源M_(S)6.9地震前约5a的变化特征。1991—2015期的计算结果显示:门源M_(S)6.9近震区长期受到NE-SW向挤压和NW-SE向拉张的应力场作用,最大剪应力积累比周围区域快,应力积累整体上以促进NWW向断层的挤压和走滑运动为主;与周围断层段相比,受几何拐折形态影响,冷龙岭断裂西段的滑动速率偏低,断层剪切应力的累积速率较高,发震断层上运动的亏损与应力的快速积累有利于孕育走滑型地震。2017—2021期相对于1991—2015期的增量结果显示,在临近地震约5a的时段内,冷龙岭断裂西段走滑速率进一步减小,断层的剪应力累积速率显著增高,利于促进走滑型地震的发生。冷龙岭断裂西段具有较强的动力学背景和有利的强震发生条件,未来依然存在发生强震的危险。