We used scanning electron microscope （SEM） to observe the ultrastructure of stridulating organs in Xylotrechus rusticus L. We com- pared the morphological structure and size of stridulating organs, the numbers of a ...We used scanning electron microscope （SEM） to observe the ultrastructure of stridulating organs in Xylotrechus rusticus L. We com- pared the morphological structure and size of stridulating organs, the numbers of a tooth-like part used in stridulation and its presence in fe- males and males of this beetle. The alarm sound of X.. rusticus was re- corded first when it was stimulated, then we tested behavioral responses to this alarm sound. The alarm sound ofX. rusticus has a warning effect on conspecifics.展开更多
The social parasitic beetle Puussus favieri(Coleoptera,Carabidae,Paussini)performs different types of stridulations,which sclectively mimic those emitted by dif-ferent ant castes of its host Pheidole pallidula(Hymenop...The social parasitic beetle Puussus favieri(Coleoptera,Carabidae,Paussini)performs different types of stridulations,which sclectively mimic those emitted by dif-ferent ant castes of its host Pheidole pallidula(Hymenoptera,Formicidae,Myrmicinae).However,the significance of this acoustical mimicry for the success of the parasitic strat-egy and the behaviors elicited in the host ants by stridulations was unknown.We reared Paussus favieri in Pheidole pallidula colonies and filmed their interacting behaviors.We analyzed in slow motion the behavior of ants near a stridulating beetle.We analyzed sep-arately trains of pulse(Pa+Pb,produced by repeated rubbings)and single pulse(Pc,produced by a single rubbing)of stridulations,clearly recognizable from the shaking up and down of the beetle hind legs.and associated them with differcent ant responscs.The full repertoire of sounds produced by P:favieri elicited benevolent responses both in workers and soldiers.We found that different signals elicit different(sometimes multiplc)bchaviors in ants,with different frequency in the two ant castes.However,Pc(alone or in conjunction with other types of pulses)appears to be the type of acoustic signal mostly responsible for all recorded behaviors.These results indicate that the acoustic channel plays a pivotal role in the host-parasite interaction.Finding that a parasite uses the acoustical channel so intensively,and in such a complicated way to trigger ant bchaviors,indicates that acoustic signals may be more important in ant societies than commonly recognized.展开更多
文摘We used scanning electron microscope （SEM） to observe the ultrastructure of stridulating organs in Xylotrechus rusticus L. We com- pared the morphological structure and size of stridulating organs, the numbers of a tooth-like part used in stridulation and its presence in fe- males and males of this beetle. The alarm sound of X.. rusticus was re- corded first when it was stimulated, then we tested behavioral responses to this alarm sound. The alarm sound ofX. rusticus has a warning effect on conspecifics.
基金We are grateful to Ahmed El Hassani and Mohamed Arahou(Istitute Scientifique de TUniversite Mohammed V-Agdal,Rabat,Morocco)for their support,facilitation,and permits to collect insects in Morocco.We are grateful to two anonymous reviewers for their comments on a previous version of this paper.The Grant to Department of Science,Roma Tre University(MIUR-Italy Dipartimenti di Eccellenza,ARTICOLO 1,COMMI 314-337 LEGGE 232/2016)is gratefully acknowledged.
文摘The social parasitic beetle Puussus favieri(Coleoptera,Carabidae,Paussini)performs different types of stridulations,which sclectively mimic those emitted by dif-ferent ant castes of its host Pheidole pallidula(Hymenoptera,Formicidae,Myrmicinae).However,the significance of this acoustical mimicry for the success of the parasitic strat-egy and the behaviors elicited in the host ants by stridulations was unknown.We reared Paussus favieri in Pheidole pallidula colonies and filmed their interacting behaviors.We analyzed in slow motion the behavior of ants near a stridulating beetle.We analyzed sep-arately trains of pulse(Pa+Pb,produced by repeated rubbings)and single pulse(Pc,produced by a single rubbing)of stridulations,clearly recognizable from the shaking up and down of the beetle hind legs.and associated them with differcent ant responscs.The full repertoire of sounds produced by P:favieri elicited benevolent responses both in workers and soldiers.We found that different signals elicit different(sometimes multiplc)bchaviors in ants,with different frequency in the two ant castes.However,Pc(alone or in conjunction with other types of pulses)appears to be the type of acoustic signal mostly responsible for all recorded behaviors.These results indicate that the acoustic channel plays a pivotal role in the host-parasite interaction.Finding that a parasite uses the acoustical channel so intensively,and in such a complicated way to trigger ant bchaviors,indicates that acoustic signals may be more important in ant societies than commonly recognized.
