The research was focused on the persistence of resistance of V. inaequalis to strobilurins from resistant populations occurring in the field. It was studied with two types of experiments: the first in apple orchards w...The research was focused on the persistence of resistance of V. inaequalis to strobilurins from resistant populations occurring in the field. It was studied with two types of experiments: the first in apple orchards where resistance occurred in 2005 and employ of these fungicides was suspended from 2006 to 2011, realizing every year sensitivity/resistance assays on strobilurins. In the second was verified the sensitivity/resistance of the same 2015 populations, repeatedly multiplied (ten inoculations) in glasshouse on apple seedlings. Results showed that the resistance survived in orchards all the years of tests (six years), despite sensitivity fluctuations occurred on infected leaves due to sexual crosses, competition with sensible strains and soil management. In glasshouse, the level of resistance of all populations increased quickly in first inoculations and values remained high (EC50 > 10 mg·L-1) in all the following inoculations, until the last, the 10th. V. inaequalis resistant strains seemed to show high fitness: relevant persistence in the field, and a capacity of prevail on sensible ones in absence of factors of field variability.展开更多
[Objective]The study was to evaluate the indoor toxicity and field efficacy of five Strobilurins fungicides including pyraclostrobin 250 g/L EC,azoxystrobin 250 g/L SC,kresoxim-methyl 50%WG,picoxystrobin 22.5%SC and t...[Objective]The study was to evaluate the indoor toxicity and field efficacy of five Strobilurins fungicides including pyraclostrobin 250 g/L EC,azoxystrobin 250 g/L SC,kresoxim-methyl 50%WG,picoxystrobin 22.5%SC and trifloxystrobin 50%WG against Phomopsis asparagi(Sacc.)Bubak,and to screen out effective fungicides.[Method]The toxicity was tested by mycelial growth rate method.The field trials were carried out by routine spraying method.[Result]The indoor toxicities successively were pyraclostrobin>kresoxim-methyl>picoxystrobin>trifloxystrobin>azoxystrobin.The EC50 values were 6.1029,52.5591,83.8257,129.8616 and 252.1214 mg/L,respectively,all significantly higher than that of benzimidazole fungicide carbendazim(753.3650 mg/L).The field efficacies successively were pyraclostrobin>kresoxim-methyl≥picoxystrobin≥azoxystrobin≥trifloxystrobin.The control effects were 81.20%,77.95%,74.80%,71.69%and 68.54%,respectively,all significantly higher than that of benzimidazole fungicide carbendazim(48.27%).[Conclusion]The five Strobilurins fungicides all have good toxicity and field efficacy against P.asparagi.展开更多
To discover novel strobilurins analogues with good and broad spectrum activity,a series of nove 3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxides-based strobilurins was designed,synthesized,and tested agains various ...To discover novel strobilurins analogues with good and broad spectrum activity,a series of nove 3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxides-based strobilurins was designed,synthesized,and tested agains various phytopathogenic fungi.Compounds 7b.7c.and 7k exhibited substantial and broad spectrum antifungal activities against the tested phytopathogenic fungi,especially compound 7b,which showed 100%,80%,90%,and 90%antifungal activity(in virto)against Erysiphe graminis(E.graminis),Puccinia sorghi Schw:(P sorghi Schw.)Colletotrichum lagenarium(C.lagenarium),and Pseudoperonospora cubensis(P cubensis)at 300 ug/mL,respectively.better or comparable to the positive control azoxystrobin.Moreover,compound 7b exhibited 85%greenhouse inhibi.tion activity(in vivo)against E.graminis even at 0.2μg/mL,equal to azoxystrobin(90%)and trifloxystrobin(90%)Meanwhile,compound 7b against P cubensis displayed 70%and 55%greenhouse inhibition activity(in vivo)at 1.56 and 0.2μg/mL,respectively,much better than those of azoxystrobin and trifloxystrobin(both 0%at 1.56 and 0.2 ug/mL).Therefore,compound 7b could be considered as the most promising fungicidal candidate for furthe study.Furthermore,based on the effective concentration(ECso)against C.arachidicola,the built CoMSIA model provided the useful reference for the further structural optimization design.展开更多
Objective] The effects of four QoI fungicides on potato and tomato and cumumber quality and yield formation under disease-free conditions were studied in order to research the physiological effects of four QoI fungici...Objective] The effects of four QoI fungicides on potato and tomato and cumumber quality and yield formation under disease-free conditions were studied in order to research the physiological effects of four QoI fungicides on these fruit veg-etables and explore the range of minium dose for the obvious physiological effect and the dose for the maximum effect. [Method] The effects of four strobilurin fungi-cides on yield formation and quality were studied under disease-free conditions in the field. Two applications of each strobilurin fungicide were designed. The yield and commercial ratio for each application were investigated. [Results] The minimum dose for the obvious physical effect on potato and tomato and cucumber was lower than 133 mg/L , the dose for maximum effect on patoto and cucumber of the four stro-bilurin fungicides maybe also lower than 667 mg/L. The dose of fenaminstrobin and pyraoxystrobin for maximum effect on tomato maybe also lower than 667 mg/L. [Conclusion] The study suggested that enotroburin, fenaminstrobin, pyrametostrobin and pyraoxystrobin were able to increase the yield and ratio of high quality potato and cucumber and tomato.展开更多
醚菌酯(kresoxim-methyl)又称苯氧菌酯,是巴斯夫公司开发的一种strobilurin类杀菌剂,化学名称为(E)-2-甲氧亚胺基-[2-(邻甲基苯氧基甲基)苯基]乙酸甲脂,分子式为C18H19NO4. Alberto Navalon等报道了醚菌酯在植物样本中的GC-MS检测方法,P...醚菌酯(kresoxim-methyl)又称苯氧菌酯,是巴斯夫公司开发的一种strobilurin类杀菌剂,化学名称为(E)-2-甲氧亚胺基-[2-(邻甲基苯氧基甲基)苯基]乙酸甲脂,分子式为C18H19NO4. Alberto Navalon等报道了醚菌酯在植物样本中的GC-MS检测方法,Paolo Cabras报道了醚菌酯在葡萄、蘑菇和酒中的检测及其在葡萄和酒中的降解,Anna Sannino等报道了醚菌酯在水果蔬菜中的HPLC-MS检测方法.展开更多
文摘The research was focused on the persistence of resistance of V. inaequalis to strobilurins from resistant populations occurring in the field. It was studied with two types of experiments: the first in apple orchards where resistance occurred in 2005 and employ of these fungicides was suspended from 2006 to 2011, realizing every year sensitivity/resistance assays on strobilurins. In the second was verified the sensitivity/resistance of the same 2015 populations, repeatedly multiplied (ten inoculations) in glasshouse on apple seedlings. Results showed that the resistance survived in orchards all the years of tests (six years), despite sensitivity fluctuations occurred on infected leaves due to sexual crosses, competition with sensible strains and soil management. In glasshouse, the level of resistance of all populations increased quickly in first inoculations and values remained high (EC50 > 10 mg·L-1) in all the following inoculations, until the last, the 10th. V. inaequalis resistant strains seemed to show high fitness: relevant persistence in the field, and a capacity of prevail on sensible ones in absence of factors of field variability.
基金Supported by Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Project of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences"Key Technology for Green Prevention and Control of Diseases and Insect Pests of Major Crops"(CXGC2018E19).
文摘[Objective]The study was to evaluate the indoor toxicity and field efficacy of five Strobilurins fungicides including pyraclostrobin 250 g/L EC,azoxystrobin 250 g/L SC,kresoxim-methyl 50%WG,picoxystrobin 22.5%SC and trifloxystrobin 50%WG against Phomopsis asparagi(Sacc.)Bubak,and to screen out effective fungicides.[Method]The toxicity was tested by mycelial growth rate method.The field trials were carried out by routine spraying method.[Result]The indoor toxicities successively were pyraclostrobin>kresoxim-methyl>picoxystrobin>trifloxystrobin>azoxystrobin.The EC50 values were 6.1029,52.5591,83.8257,129.8616 and 252.1214 mg/L,respectively,all significantly higher than that of benzimidazole fungicide carbendazim(753.3650 mg/L).The field efficacies successively were pyraclostrobin>kresoxim-methyl≥picoxystrobin≥azoxystrobin≥trifloxystrobin.The control effects were 81.20%,77.95%,74.80%,71.69%and 68.54%,respectively,all significantly higher than that of benzimidazole fungicide carbendazim(48.27%).[Conclusion]The five Strobilurins fungicides all have good toxicity and field efficacy against P.asparagi.
基金Supported by the Scientific Project of Tianin Municipal Education Commission,China(No.2018KJ008).
文摘To discover novel strobilurins analogues with good and broad spectrum activity,a series of nove 3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxides-based strobilurins was designed,synthesized,and tested agains various phytopathogenic fungi.Compounds 7b.7c.and 7k exhibited substantial and broad spectrum antifungal activities against the tested phytopathogenic fungi,especially compound 7b,which showed 100%,80%,90%,and 90%antifungal activity(in virto)against Erysiphe graminis(E.graminis),Puccinia sorghi Schw:(P sorghi Schw.)Colletotrichum lagenarium(C.lagenarium),and Pseudoperonospora cubensis(P cubensis)at 300 ug/mL,respectively.better or comparable to the positive control azoxystrobin.Moreover,compound 7b exhibited 85%greenhouse inhibi.tion activity(in vivo)against E.graminis even at 0.2μg/mL,equal to azoxystrobin(90%)and trifloxystrobin(90%)Meanwhile,compound 7b against P cubensis displayed 70%and 55%greenhouse inhibition activity(in vivo)at 1.56 and 0.2μg/mL,respectively,much better than those of azoxystrobin and trifloxystrobin(both 0%at 1.56 and 0.2 ug/mL).Therefore,compound 7b could be considered as the most promising fungicidal candidate for furthe study.Furthermore,based on the effective concentration(ECso)against C.arachidicola,the built CoMSIA model provided the useful reference for the further structural optimization design.
文摘Objective] The effects of four QoI fungicides on potato and tomato and cumumber quality and yield formation under disease-free conditions were studied in order to research the physiological effects of four QoI fungicides on these fruit veg-etables and explore the range of minium dose for the obvious physiological effect and the dose for the maximum effect. [Method] The effects of four strobilurin fungi-cides on yield formation and quality were studied under disease-free conditions in the field. Two applications of each strobilurin fungicide were designed. The yield and commercial ratio for each application were investigated. [Results] The minimum dose for the obvious physical effect on potato and tomato and cucumber was lower than 133 mg/L , the dose for maximum effect on patoto and cucumber of the four stro-bilurin fungicides maybe also lower than 667 mg/L. The dose of fenaminstrobin and pyraoxystrobin for maximum effect on tomato maybe also lower than 667 mg/L. [Conclusion] The study suggested that enotroburin, fenaminstrobin, pyrametostrobin and pyraoxystrobin were able to increase the yield and ratio of high quality potato and cucumber and tomato.
文摘醚菌酯(kresoxim-methyl)又称苯氧菌酯,是巴斯夫公司开发的一种strobilurin类杀菌剂,化学名称为(E)-2-甲氧亚胺基-[2-(邻甲基苯氧基甲基)苯基]乙酸甲脂,分子式为C18H19NO4. Alberto Navalon等报道了醚菌酯在植物样本中的GC-MS检测方法,Paolo Cabras报道了醚菌酯在葡萄、蘑菇和酒中的检测及其在葡萄和酒中的降解,Anna Sannino等报道了醚菌酯在水果蔬菜中的HPLC-MS检测方法.
