In this paper,an interacting multiple-model(IMM)method based on datadriven identification model is proposed for the prediction of nonlinear dynamic systems.Firstly,two basic models are selected as combination componen...In this paper,an interacting multiple-model(IMM)method based on datadriven identification model is proposed for the prediction of nonlinear dynamic systems.Firstly,two basic models are selected as combination components due to their proved effectiveness.One is Gaussian process(GP)model,which can provide the predictive variance of the predicted output and only has several optimizing parameters.The other is regularized extreme learning machine(RELM)model,which can improve the overfitting problem resulted by empirical risk minimization principle and enhances the overall generalization performance.Then both of the models are updated continually using meaningful new data selected by data selection methods.Furthermore,recursive methods are employed in the two models to reduce the computational burden caused by continuous renewal.Finally,the two models are combined in IMM algorithm to realize the hybrid prediction,which can avoid the error accumulation in the single-model prediction.In order to verify the performance,the proposed method is applied to the prediction of moisture content of alkali-surfactant-polymer(ASP)flooding.The simulation results show that the proposed model can match the process very well.And IMM algorithm can outperform its components and provide a nice improvement in accuracy and robustness.展开更多
Aiming at the problem of the loss of the ASP flooding near the injection wells, this paper gives a new idea to enhance oil recovery called "Technique of Targeted Delivery", which combines the radial horizont...Aiming at the problem of the loss of the ASP flooding near the injection wells, this paper gives a new idea to enhance oil recovery called "Technique of Targeted Delivery", which combines the radial horizontal well with ultra-short radius drilled by high pressure water jet with the ASP flooding, the horizontal wells work as the "Target channel" transport the ternary composite system to the remaining oil enrichment area directly, to avoid the loss of the ternary composite system near the injection wells. The plate homogeneous experiment and numerical simulation show that the technique can significantly improve the sweep efficiency and the effect of the oil displacement, and greatly improve the oil recovery rate. The optimal flooding parameters of the target transport technique are: the right angle target, the length of the channel is about 15% of the well distance and the injection volume of the ternary composite system is 0.4 PV. Under such conditions, this technique can enhance recovery by 48.87% and 22.04% respectively, compared with the water flooding and conventional ASP flooding. The target transport technique solves the problem of high loss of chemical agent in near-wellbore area during the ASP flooding, and compensates for the high cost of ASP flooding and the limitation of application, and has a broad application prospect.展开更多
To improve effectiveness of ASP flooding, it is necessary to establish a reliable parameter design and tracking adjustment method to monitor the process of oil displacement. A differential wide field electromagnetic m...To improve effectiveness of ASP flooding, it is necessary to establish a reliable parameter design and tracking adjustment method to monitor the process of oil displacement. A differential wide field electromagnetic method was proposed and applied to the ASP displacement monitoring test in a block of the Daqing Oilfield. In the process of ASP flooding, the electromagnetic field was measured many times. The data acquired before the ASP flooding were set as the background field, and the resistivity model was obtained by inversion. Then, the resistivity data were calibrated by logging data and the resistivity model was established. Finally, the range and front of ASP flooding were deduced with the residual gradient from the spatial domain first-order difference of the resistivity model. Production data of well groups in this block have proved that this method can work out the range and front of ASP flooding accurately, providing support for optimization of ASP flooding parameters.展开更多
In this paper, as far as the ASP flooding in the pilot area of Daqing oilfield is concerned, the effect of apparent viscosity of ASP solution on enhanced oil recovery have been studied by comparison of experiments on ...In this paper, as far as the ASP flooding in the pilot area of Daqing oilfield is concerned, the effect of apparent viscosity of ASP solution on enhanced oil recovery have been studied by comparison of experiments on artificial heterogeneous cores with on natural cores. The results showed that the decrease in the concentration of alkali could increase the apparent viscosity of ASP solutions, namely, the apparent viscosity increased and the IFT couldn’t get ultra low, and the oil recovery efficiency by ASP solution with a reasonably lower concentration of alkali was not less than that with a higher concentration of alkali and ultra low IFT. The experiments with models having impermeable interlayers between adjacent layers, and by means of “co-injection and separate production” showed that the ASP solution with a higher viscosity and a lower alkali concentration was more beneficial to starting-up medium and low permeability layers and enhancing total oil recovery. Therefore, to heterogeneous reservoir, as factors of affecting oil recovery, the apparent viscosity may be more important than the ultralow IFT. Furthermore, on the premise that the concentration of surfactant and the concentration of polymer keep constant, ASP flooding with low alkali concentration not only enlarges the selectable range of surfactants and decreases the cost of ASP flooding, but also solves the problem of alkali scales. Finally, a dynamic absorption experiment was performed with a 05 meter long linked-up natural core to determine alkali wastage in formation. The result being accord with the application case in the pilot confirmed that it was not necessary to add the alkali too much in ASP flooding from a new direction.展开更多
Many EOR methods have been tested after water flooding in Daqing Oilfield.CO\-2,natural gas, micellar, microbial, steam, polymer and ASP flooding have been tested in the lab and field (some field tests have been perfo...Many EOR methods have been tested after water flooding in Daqing Oilfield.CO\-2,natural gas, micellar, microbial, steam, polymer and ASP flooding have been tested in the lab and field (some field tests have been performed). Most of the results are good. CO\-2,natural gas,micellar are not suitable to be used in Daqing Oilfield. Polymer flooding of pilots and industrial scale have been successful. The results of polymer flooding are related closely to the injection parameters and injection methods. The incremental oil production are 100 to 140 tons of oil per ton of polymer injected. The oil recovery increased 10% to 14%OOIP. ASP flooding is successful. The cost of chemicals per barrel of incremental oil is $4 0 to $6 2.The incremental recovery is 18% to 20% OOIP over water flooding.展开更多
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation under Grant No.60974039National Natural Science Foundation under Grant No.61573378+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Shandong province under Grant No.ZR2011FM002the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under Grant No.15CX06064A.
文摘In this paper,an interacting multiple-model(IMM)method based on datadriven identification model is proposed for the prediction of nonlinear dynamic systems.Firstly,two basic models are selected as combination components due to their proved effectiveness.One is Gaussian process(GP)model,which can provide the predictive variance of the predicted output and only has several optimizing parameters.The other is regularized extreme learning machine(RELM)model,which can improve the overfitting problem resulted by empirical risk minimization principle and enhances the overall generalization performance.Then both of the models are updated continually using meaningful new data selected by data selection methods.Furthermore,recursive methods are employed in the two models to reduce the computational burden caused by continuous renewal.Finally,the two models are combined in IMM algorithm to realize the hybrid prediction,which can avoid the error accumulation in the single-model prediction.In order to verify the performance,the proposed method is applied to the prediction of moisture content of alkali-surfactant-polymer(ASP)flooding.The simulation results show that the proposed model can match the process very well.And IMM algorithm can outperform its components and provide a nice improvement in accuracy and robustness.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51174216)China National Science and Technology Major Project(2011ZX05009-004)
文摘Aiming at the problem of the loss of the ASP flooding near the injection wells, this paper gives a new idea to enhance oil recovery called "Technique of Targeted Delivery", which combines the radial horizontal well with ultra-short radius drilled by high pressure water jet with the ASP flooding, the horizontal wells work as the "Target channel" transport the ternary composite system to the remaining oil enrichment area directly, to avoid the loss of the ternary composite system near the injection wells. The plate homogeneous experiment and numerical simulation show that the technique can significantly improve the sweep efficiency and the effect of the oil displacement, and greatly improve the oil recovery rate. The optimal flooding parameters of the target transport technique are: the right angle target, the length of the channel is about 15% of the well distance and the injection volume of the ternary composite system is 0.4 PV. Under such conditions, this technique can enhance recovery by 48.87% and 22.04% respectively, compared with the water flooding and conventional ASP flooding. The target transport technique solves the problem of high loss of chemical agent in near-wellbore area during the ASP flooding, and compensates for the high cost of ASP flooding and the limitation of application, and has a broad application prospect.
基金Supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFC0807802)National Natural Science Foundation of China(41874081)。
文摘To improve effectiveness of ASP flooding, it is necessary to establish a reliable parameter design and tracking adjustment method to monitor the process of oil displacement. A differential wide field electromagnetic method was proposed and applied to the ASP displacement monitoring test in a block of the Daqing Oilfield. In the process of ASP flooding, the electromagnetic field was measured many times. The data acquired before the ASP flooding were set as the background field, and the resistivity model was obtained by inversion. Then, the resistivity data were calibrated by logging data and the resistivity model was established. Finally, the range and front of ASP flooding were deduced with the residual gradient from the spatial domain first-order difference of the resistivity model. Production data of well groups in this block have proved that this method can work out the range and front of ASP flooding accurately, providing support for optimization of ASP flooding parameters.
文摘In this paper, as far as the ASP flooding in the pilot area of Daqing oilfield is concerned, the effect of apparent viscosity of ASP solution on enhanced oil recovery have been studied by comparison of experiments on artificial heterogeneous cores with on natural cores. The results showed that the decrease in the concentration of alkali could increase the apparent viscosity of ASP solutions, namely, the apparent viscosity increased and the IFT couldn’t get ultra low, and the oil recovery efficiency by ASP solution with a reasonably lower concentration of alkali was not less than that with a higher concentration of alkali and ultra low IFT. The experiments with models having impermeable interlayers between adjacent layers, and by means of “co-injection and separate production” showed that the ASP solution with a higher viscosity and a lower alkali concentration was more beneficial to starting-up medium and low permeability layers and enhancing total oil recovery. Therefore, to heterogeneous reservoir, as factors of affecting oil recovery, the apparent viscosity may be more important than the ultralow IFT. Furthermore, on the premise that the concentration of surfactant and the concentration of polymer keep constant, ASP flooding with low alkali concentration not only enlarges the selectable range of surfactants and decreases the cost of ASP flooding, but also solves the problem of alkali scales. Finally, a dynamic absorption experiment was performed with a 05 meter long linked-up natural core to determine alkali wastage in formation. The result being accord with the application case in the pilot confirmed that it was not necessary to add the alkali too much in ASP flooding from a new direction.
文摘Many EOR methods have been tested after water flooding in Daqing Oilfield.CO\-2,natural gas, micellar, microbial, steam, polymer and ASP flooding have been tested in the lab and field (some field tests have been performed). Most of the results are good. CO\-2,natural gas,micellar are not suitable to be used in Daqing Oilfield. Polymer flooding of pilots and industrial scale have been successful. The results of polymer flooding are related closely to the injection parameters and injection methods. The incremental oil production are 100 to 140 tons of oil per ton of polymer injected. The oil recovery increased 10% to 14%OOIP. ASP flooding is successful. The cost of chemicals per barrel of incremental oil is $4 0 to $6 2.The incremental recovery is 18% to 20% OOIP over water flooding.
