Costs and losses induced by possible future extreme environmental conditions and difficulties in repairing post yielding damage strongly suggest the need for proper consideration in design rather than just life loss ...Costs and losses induced by possible future extreme environmental conditions and difficulties in repairing post yielding damage strongly suggest the need for proper consideration in design rather than just life loss prevention. This can be addressed through the development of design methodology that balances the initial cost of the very large floating structure (VLFS) against the expected potential losses resulting from future extreme wave induced structural damage. Here, the development of a methodology for determining optimal, cost effective design will be presented and applied to a VLFS located in the Tokyo bay. Optimal design criteria are determined based on the total expected life cycle cost and acceptable damage probability and curvature of the structure, and a set of sizes of the structure are obtained. The methodology and applications require expressions of the initial cost and the expected life cycle damage cost as functions of the optimal design variables. This study includes the methodology, total life cycle cost function, structural damage modeling, and reliability analysis.展开更多
On the basis of the equivalent axle load action frequency, the traffic classifications of rural roads as well as their corresponding types are classified. The asphalt pavement structure, road surface types and thickne...On the basis of the equivalent axle load action frequency, the traffic classifications of rural roads as well as their corresponding types are classified. The asphalt pavement structure, road surface types and thickness of the rural roads are suggested for the various action frequency of the equivalent axle load. Furthermore, the roadbase thickness graphs are provided according to different equivalent axle load action frequency with different roadbed modulus and road surface modulus taken into account.展开更多
Seventy percent of new product cost is committed in the design phase. Therefore, the cost needs to be minimized. Incorporating accurate cost estimation capabilities into manufacturing processes can help industries to ...Seventy percent of new product cost is committed in the design phase. Therefore, the cost needs to be minimized. Incorporating accurate cost estimation capabilities into manufacturing processes can help industries to minimize the cost and optimize the design. The casting process has been employed as a key process to manufacture parts having the advantage of low cost and customized products in foundry industry. This paper presents a cost estimation system for the casting process based on the design features, which incorporates the casting information at the design stage of castings. It aims to deliver the best cost-effective choice for casting design features of a product. Two kinds of knowledge, namely economical knowledge(describing the relation between the casting design considerations and the cost) and technical knowledge(involving the material of the casting features) were structured in this research work. On the basis of the minimum product cost, casting material selection can be carried out in detail. The developed system has been validated through an industrial case study.展开更多
A scheme for general purposed FDTD visual scientific computing software is introduced in this paper using object-oriented design (OOD) method. By abstracting the parameters of FDTD grids to an individual class and sep...A scheme for general purposed FDTD visual scientific computing software is introduced in this paper using object-oriented design (OOD) method. By abstracting the parameters of FDTD grids to an individual class and separating from the iteration procedure, the visual software can be adapted to more comprehensive computing problems. Real-time gray degree graphic and wave curve of the results can be achieved using DirectX technique. The special difference equation and data structure in dispersive medium are considered, and the peculiarity of parameters in perfectly matched layer are also discussed.展开更多
In this technical and educational research endeavor, a diverse group of civil engineering students took on the role of creating the means and methods of producing a successful building design. Architectural, structura...In this technical and educational research endeavor, a diverse group of civil engineering students took on the role of creating the means and methods of producing a successful building design. Architectural, structural, and environmental designs were primarily performed. This was followed by detailed cost analysis with the intent of providing a realistic cost comparison by pricing the intended building, using traditional material and typical building methods, versus pricing the building using recycled material and new present-day technology. Some green features needed to achieve a LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) gold certification were considered and applied. It is shown that producing a green building is more costly in present circumstances;however, the additional cost due to greenification pays itself off throughout the years giving in return saving features. Even though the design of a green building comes with detailed planning and costly material, it does generate benefits for the building owner, the society, and most importantly the environment.展开更多
This paper proposes a method for assembly cost estimation in actual manufacture during the design phase using artificial neural networks(ANN). It can support the designers in cost effectiveness, then help to control t...This paper proposes a method for assembly cost estimation in actual manufacture during the design phase using artificial neural networks(ANN). It can support the designers in cost effectiveness, then help to control the total cost. The method was used in the assembly cost estimation of the crucial parts of some railway stock products. As a comparison, we use the linear regression (LR) model in the same field. The result shows that ANN model performs better than the LR model in assembly cost estimation.展开更多
文摘Costs and losses induced by possible future extreme environmental conditions and difficulties in repairing post yielding damage strongly suggest the need for proper consideration in design rather than just life loss prevention. This can be addressed through the development of design methodology that balances the initial cost of the very large floating structure (VLFS) against the expected potential losses resulting from future extreme wave induced structural damage. Here, the development of a methodology for determining optimal, cost effective design will be presented and applied to a VLFS located in the Tokyo bay. Optimal design criteria are determined based on the total expected life cycle cost and acceptable damage probability and curvature of the structure, and a set of sizes of the structure are obtained. The methodology and applications require expressions of the initial cost and the expected life cycle damage cost as functions of the optimal design variables. This study includes the methodology, total life cycle cost function, structural damage modeling, and reliability analysis.
文摘On the basis of the equivalent axle load action frequency, the traffic classifications of rural roads as well as their corresponding types are classified. The asphalt pavement structure, road surface types and thickness of the rural roads are suggested for the various action frequency of the equivalent axle load. Furthermore, the roadbase thickness graphs are provided according to different equivalent axle load action frequency with different roadbed modulus and road surface modulus taken into account.
基金supported by KSB Pumps,Hassanabdal,Pakistanfunded by Directorate of Advanced Studies Research and Technological Development(ASR&TD)University of Engineering and Technology Taxila,Pakistan
文摘Seventy percent of new product cost is committed in the design phase. Therefore, the cost needs to be minimized. Incorporating accurate cost estimation capabilities into manufacturing processes can help industries to minimize the cost and optimize the design. The casting process has been employed as a key process to manufacture parts having the advantage of low cost and customized products in foundry industry. This paper presents a cost estimation system for the casting process based on the design features, which incorporates the casting information at the design stage of castings. It aims to deliver the best cost-effective choice for casting design features of a product. Two kinds of knowledge, namely economical knowledge(describing the relation between the casting design considerations and the cost) and technical knowledge(involving the material of the casting features) were structured in this research work. On the basis of the minimum product cost, casting material selection can be carried out in detail. The developed system has been validated through an industrial case study.
基金This project was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation (No. 69831020).
文摘A scheme for general purposed FDTD visual scientific computing software is introduced in this paper using object-oriented design (OOD) method. By abstracting the parameters of FDTD grids to an individual class and separating from the iteration procedure, the visual software can be adapted to more comprehensive computing problems. Real-time gray degree graphic and wave curve of the results can be achieved using DirectX technique. The special difference equation and data structure in dispersive medium are considered, and the peculiarity of parameters in perfectly matched layer are also discussed.
文摘In this technical and educational research endeavor, a diverse group of civil engineering students took on the role of creating the means and methods of producing a successful building design. Architectural, structural, and environmental designs were primarily performed. This was followed by detailed cost analysis with the intent of providing a realistic cost comparison by pricing the intended building, using traditional material and typical building methods, versus pricing the building using recycled material and new present-day technology. Some green features needed to achieve a LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) gold certification were considered and applied. It is shown that producing a green building is more costly in present circumstances;however, the additional cost due to greenification pays itself off throughout the years giving in return saving features. Even though the design of a green building comes with detailed planning and costly material, it does generate benefits for the building owner, the society, and most importantly the environment.
文摘This paper proposes a method for assembly cost estimation in actual manufacture during the design phase using artificial neural networks(ANN). It can support the designers in cost effectiveness, then help to control the total cost. The method was used in the assembly cost estimation of the crucial parts of some railway stock products. As a comparison, we use the linear regression (LR) model in the same field. The result shows that ANN model performs better than the LR model in assembly cost estimation.
