A symmetric substructuring method for analyzing the natural frequencies of conical origami structures

Conical origami structures are characterized by their substantial out-of-plane stiffness and energy-absorptioncapacity.Previous investigations have commonly focused on the static characteristics of these lightweight struc-tures.However,the efficient analysis of the natural vibrations of these structures is pivotal for designing conicalorigami structures with programmable stiffness and mass.In this paper,we propose a novel method to analyzethe natural vibrations of such structures by combining a symmetric substructuring method(SSM)and a gener-alized eigenvalue analysis.SSM exploits the inherent symmetry of the structure to decompose it into a finiteset of repetitive substructures.In doing so,we reduce the dimensions of matrices and improve computationalefficiency by adopting the stiffness and mass matrices of the substructures in the generalized eigenvalue analysis.Finite element simulations of pin-jointed models are used to validate the computational results of the proposedapproach.Moreover,the parametric analysis of the structures demonstrates the influences of the number of seg-ments along the circumference and the radius of the cone on the structural mass and natural frequencies of thestructures.Furthermore,we present a comparison between six-fold and four-fold conical origami structures anddiscuss the influence of various geometric parameters on their natural frequencies.This study provides a strategyfor efficiently analyzing the natural vibration of symmetric origami structures and has the potential to contributeto the efficient design and customization of origami metastructures with programmable stiffness.

Algebraic structure and Poisson method for a weakly nonholonomic system

The algebraic structure and the Poisson method for a weakly nonholonomic system are studied.The differential equations of motion of the system can be written in a contravariant algebra form and its algebraic structure is discussed.The Poisson theory for the systems which possess Lie algebra structure is generalized to the weakly nonholonomic system.An example is given to illustrate the application of the result.

Algebraic structure and Poisson＇s theory of mechanico-electrical systems

The algebraic structure and Poisson＇s integral theory of mechanico-electrical systems are studied. The Hamilton canonical equations and generalized Hamilton canonical equations and their the contravariant algebraic forms for mechanico-electrical systems are obtained. The Lie algebraic structure and the Poisson＇s integral theory of Lagrange mechanico-electrical systems are derived. The Lie algebraic structure admitted and Poisson＇s integral theory of the Lagrange-Maxwell mechanico-electrical systems are presented. Two examples are presented to illustrate these results.

The Multiplicity of Zeros of Algebraic System in Eigenvalue Method

This article deals with the structure relations between solutions toalgebraic system and matrices in eigenvalue method for solving the algebraic system-The authors first discuss the condition on the ideal generated by the given systemunder which the eigenspace of matrix has dimension 1 since in this case the zerocan be easily found. Then they study the relations between the multiplicity of zerosof the given system and orders of Jordan blocks of matrices formed in eigenvaluemethod.

MATRIX PERTURBATION METHOD FOR THE VIBRATION PROBLEM OF STRUCTURES WITH INTERVAL PARAMETERS

When the parameters of structures are uncertain, the structural natural frequencies become uncertain. The interval parameters description, i.e. the unknown-but bounded parameters description is one of the methods to study the uncertainty. In this paper, the vibration problem of structure with interval parameters was studied, and the eigenvalue problem of the structures with interval parameters was transferred into two different eigenvalue problems. The perturbation method was applied to the vibration problem of the structures with interval parameters. The numerical results show that the proposed method is sufficiently accurate and needs less computational efforts.

Band structure calculation of scalar waves in two-dimensional phononic crystals based on generalized multipole technique

A multiple monopole （or multipole） method based on the generalized mul- tipole technique （GMT） is proposed to calculate the band structures of scalar waves in two-dimensional phononic crystals which are composed of arbitrarily shaped cylinders embedded in a host medium. In order to find the eigenvalues of the problem, besides the sources used to expand the wave field, an extra monopole source is introduced which acts as the external excitation. By varying the frequency of the excitation, the eigenvalues can be localized as the extreme points of an appropriately chosen function. By sweeping the frequency range of interest and sweeping the boundary of the irreducible first Brillouin zone, the band structure is obtained. Some numerical examples are presented to validate the proposed method.

Enhanced wave and finite element method for wave propagation and forced response prediction in periodic piezoelectric structures

As a promising numerical tool of structural dynamics in mid- and high frequencies, the wave and finite element method（WFEM） is receiving increasingly attention and applications. In this paper, an enhanced WFEM has been developed with a reduced model and a new eigenvalue scheme. The reduced model is applicable for structures with piezoelectric shunts or local dampers;the new eigenvalue scheme can mitigate the ill-conditioning when the wave basis is calculated. The enhanced WFEM is applied to a thin-wall structure with periodically distributed piezoelectric materials（PZT）. Both free wave characteristics and forced response are analyzed and the influences of the suggested enhancements are presented. It is shown that if the control factors are properly chosen, these enhancements can improve the accuracy while accelerating the calculation. Resulting from the complexity of the application, these enhancements are not optional but imperative.

Towards a Unified Single Analysis Framework Embedded with Multiple Spatial and Time Discretized Methods for Linear Structural Dynamics

We propose a novel computational framework that is capable of employing different time integration algorithms and different space discretized methods such as the Finite Element Method,particle methods,and other spatial methods on a single body sub-dividedintomultiple subdomains.This is in conjunctionwithimplementing thewell known Generalized Single Step Single Solve(GS4)family of algorithms which encompass the entire scope of Linear Multistep algorithms that have been developed over the past 50 years or so and are second order accurate into the Differential Algebraic Equation framework.In the current state of technology,the coupling of altogether different time integration algorithms has been limited to the same family of algorithms such as theNewmarkmethods and the coupling of different algorithms usually has resulted in reduced accuracy in one or more variables including the Lagrange multiplier.However,the robustness and versatility of the GS4 with its ability to accurately account for the numerical shifts in various time schemes it encompasses,overcomes such barriers and allows a wide variety of arbitrary implicit-implicit,implicit-explicit,and explicit-explicit pairing of the various time schemes while maintaining the second order accuracy in time for not only all primary variables such as displacement,velocity and acceleration but also the Lagrange multipliers used for coupling the subdomains.By selecting an appropriate spatialmethod and time scheme on the area with localized phenomena contrary to utilizing a single process on the entire body,the proposed work has the potential to better capture the physics of a given simulation.The method is validated by solving 2D problems for the linear second order systems with various combination of spatial methods and time schemes with great flexibility.The accuracy and efficacy of the present work have not yet been seen in the current field,and it has shown significant promise in its capabilities and effectiveness for general linear dynamics through numerical examples.

关于集合环的教学方法探讨

集合的运算性质是集合论课程的基础,通过引入集合环概念及其性质的讲授,帮助学生们理解集合代数运算的性质,促进对抽象代数结构的理解.在对称差运算满足结合律性质的证明过程中,启发学生们积极思考,从集合论的角度理解代数结构,锻炼学生们的抽象思维能力.

Hidden Symmetries of Lax Integrable Nonlinear Systems

Recently devised new symplectic and differential-algebraic approaches to studying hidden symmetry properties of nonlinear dynamical systems on functional manifolds and their relationships to Lax integrability are reviewed. A new symplectic approach to constructing nonlinear Lax integrable dynamical systems by means of Lie-algebraic tools and based upon the Marsden-Weinstein reduction method on canonically symplectic manifolds with group symmetry, is described. Its natural relationship with the well-known Adler-Kostant-Souriau-Berezin-Kirillov method and the associated R-matrix method [1,2] is analyzed in detail. A new modified differential-algebraic approach to analyzing the Lax integrability of generalized Riemann and Ostrovsky-Vakhnenko type hydrodynamic equations is suggested and the corresponding Lax representations are constructed in exact form. The related bi-Hamiltonian integrability and compatible Poissonian structures of these generalized Riemann type hierarchies are discussed by means of the symplectic, gradientholonomic and geometric methods.

Symplectic Approach on the Wave Propagation Problem for Periodic Structures with Uncertainty

An effective method is proposed in this paper for the symplectic eigenvalue problem of a periodic structure with uniform stochastic properties. Since structural parameters are uncertain, the symplectic transfer matrix of a typical substructure, which is described in the state space, also has sto chastic proper ties. An effec tive spec tral st ochastic finite elemen t method is adopted to ensure the symplectic orthogonality of the random symplectic matrix on the premise of certain precision. By means of the Rayleigh quotient method, the symplectic eigenvalue problem of random symplectic matrix is investigated. On the basis of this, the mean value and the standard deviation of the random eigenvalues are fully discussed. The comparison between the numerical results derived from the proposed method and the Monte-Carlo simulation indicates that the proposed method has high precision. This research provides a useful guidance for the dynamic analysis of periodic structures with stochastic properties.

h-P Finite Element Approximation for Full-Potential Electronic Structure Calculations

The(continuous) finite element approximations of different orders for the computation of the solution to electronic structures were proposed in some papers and the performance of these approaches is becoming appreciable and is now well understood.In this publication,the author proposes to extend this discretization for full-potential electronic structure calculations by combining the refinement of the finite element mesh,where the solution is most singular with the increase of the degree of the polynomial approximations in the regions where the solution is mostly regular.This combination of increase of approximation properties,done in an a priori or a posteriori manner,is well-known to generally produce an optimal exponential type convergence rate with respect to the number of degrees of freedom even when the solution is singular.The analysis performed here sustains this property in the case of Hartree-Fock and Kohn-Sham problems.

The Conjugate Gradient Method in Random Variables

We study the conjugate gradient method for solving a system of linear equations with coefficients which are measurable functions and establish the rate of convergence of this method.

PARALLEL REGION PRESERVING MULTISECTION METHOD FOR SOLVING GENERALIZED EIGENPROBLEM

The parallel multisection method for solving algebraic eigenproblem has been presented in recent years with the development of the parallel computers, but all the research work is limited in standard eigenproblems of symmetric tridiagonal matrix. The multisection method for solving the generalized eigenproblem applied significantly in many science and engineering domains has not been studied. The parallel region preserving multisection method (PRM for short) for solving generalized eigenproblems of large sparse and real symmetric matrix is presented in this paper. This method not only retains the advantages of the conventional determinant search method (DS for short), but also overcomes its disadvantages such as leaking roots and disconvergence. We have tested the method on the YH 1 vector computer, and compared it with the parallel region preserving determinant search method the parallel region preserving bisection method (PRB for short). The numerical results show that PRM has a higher speed up, for instance, it attains the speed up of 7.7 when the scale of the problem is 2 114 and the eigenpair found is 3, and PRM is superior to PRB when the scale of the problem is large.

Horizontal Slow Oscillation of a Moored Tanker and Numerical Method of Hopf-Bifurcation

In this paper, a six-order nonlinear dynamic model with three degrees of freedom is presented for the study of the 'fishtail' motion of a Single Point Mooring System. The effect of parameter variations on the equilibrium state of the system is analyzed. In order to study the stability of the equilibrium state, the mooring-line length l is chosen as a bifurcation parameter, so that all eigenvalues of the Jacobian matrix under different parameters can be worked out, and then the Hopf-bifurcation point can be found. Finally, the Hopf-bifurcation periodic solution of the system is computed.

Inverse Eigenvalue Problem in Structural Dynamics Design

A kind of inverse eigenvalue problem in structural dynamics design is considered. The problem is formulated as an optimization problem. The properties of this problem are analyzed, and the existence of the optimum solution is proved. The directional derivative of the objective function is obtained and a necessary condition for a point to be a local minimum point is given. Then a numerical algorithm for solving the problem is presented and a plane-truss problem is discussed to show the applications of the theories and the algorithm.

基于双向流固耦合模型的溃坝水流数值模拟

弹性结构在运动流体的作用下会产生动力响应,对结构本身的安全性和耐久性都提出了更高的要求。使用开源计算流体力学软件OpenFOAM和开源计算固体力学软件CalculiX建立双向流固耦合模型,对溃坝水流冲击刚性结构和弹性结构的过程进行了数值模拟。首先对比了代数流体体积法和几何流体体积法在分析溃坝水流冲击刚性结构时的精度,结果表明几何流体体积法能够更为准确地模拟剧烈变化的自由液面。进一步采用几何流体体积法对溃坝水流冲击弹性结构的双向耦合问题进行了分析,弹性结构的动力响应和自由液面的分析结果与前人的数值结果吻合良好,表明目前的数值模型可以应用到实际工程的流固耦合分析中。

无梁楼盖计算方法有关问题的探讨

介绍了竖向荷载作用下无梁楼盖的各种计算方法,并对无梁楼盖的手算方法和有限元法从内跨弯矩分配比例、计算跨度取值等方面进行了案例对比分析。结果表明,采用经验系数法或等代框架法计算时,内跨柱上板带与跨中板带的跨中正弯矩分配比例按0.55∶0.45较为合理;计算跨度取值,对于托板柱帽建议取L0=L-2/3C,对于斜柱帽建议取L0=L-bce;计算时可根据文中表格直接求出单位宽度的板带弯矩值。

大规模电力系统关键特征值计算的Arnoldi-Chebyshev方法

介绍了一种Chebyshev多项式加速的显式重启Arnoldi算法,并用其直接求取大规模电力系统小干扰稳定性分析中状态矩阵的按实部递减的部分特征值,即关键特征值.这种方法构造了一个包含不想要特征值的椭圆,用由此椭圆确定的Chebyshev多项式获取新的初始向量,增强右端特征值对应特征向量在基向量方向的分量;进而运用新的初始向量构造Krylov子空间,求取按实部递减的特征值.3机和46机两个系统的计算结果表明,所提算法能够准确有效地求出系统的关键特征值,适合于大规模电力系统的特征分析.

A NUMERICAL CALCULATION METHOD FOR EIGENVALUE PROBLEMS OF NONLINEAR INTERNAL WAVES

Generally speaking, the background shear current U（z） must be taken into account in eigenvalue problems of nonlinear internal waves in ocean, as is different from those of linear internal waves. A numerical calculation method for eigenvalue problems of nonlinear internal waves is presented in this paper on the basis of the Thompson-Haskell＇s calculation method. As an application of this method, at a station （21°N, 117°15′E） in the South China Sea, a modal structure and parameters of nonlinear internal waves are calculated, and the results closely agree with the calculated results based on observation by Yang et al..