Active control of structural sound radiation in an acoustic enclosure consisting of flexible structure

The active control of structural sound radiation in an acoustic enclosure is studied by using distributed point force actuators as the secondary control force, and the control mechanisms for the radiated noise in the cavity are analyzed. A rectangular enclosure involving two simply supported flexible plates is created for this investigation. The characteristics of the primary and secondary sound field and the structural-acoustic coupled system are analyzed, and the optimal control objective for reducing the sound pressure level （SPL） in the cavity is derived. The response of the SPL in the cavity is analyzed and compared when the secondary point force actuators with different locations and parameters are applied to the two flexible plates. The results indicate that the noise in the cavity can be better controlled when some point force actuators are applied to two flexible plates for cooperative control rather than the point force actuators being only applied to the excited flexible plate.

Active feedback control of sound radiation in elastic wave metamaterials immersed in water with fluid-solid coupling

Due to their potential properties unlike traditional materials and structures,elastic wave metamaterials have received significant interests in recent years.With the coupling between the acoustic and vibration,their mechanical characteristics can be tuned by the active feedback control system at low frequency ranges in which the traditional passive control is limited.This work illustrates that the superior performances of the effective mass density and sound pressure level(SPL)of an elastic wave metamaterial can be significantly changed by the active control,in which the periodic array of local resonators and orthogonal stiffeners are included.Significantly,based on the locally resonant mechanism,the negative density occurs over a frequency range.Due to the effects of lattice constant,structural damping and other parameters,the SPL with the function of fluid-solid coupling are illustrated and discussed.

Control of sound radiation from vibrating structure using active constrained layer: Ⅱ. Numerical calculation

The solution to the state response of active constrained layer and the expression of the sound field radiated from the vibrating structure are given, and the damping mechanisms of active constrained layer (ACL) are discussed. Compaxisons are made with the passive constrained layer (PCL) and the traditional active control method in reducing the structural vibration. The numerical results indicate that: using the active constrained layer damping (ACLD) treatment to dissipate energyt not only the vibration amplitude of structtire is reduced, but also the sound radiated from vibrating structure is suppressed

Active Control of Structurally Radiated Sound from an Elastic Cylindrical Shell

A numerical and experimental study was presented on active control of structurally radiated sound from an elastic cylindrical shell.An analytical model was developed for the active structural acoustic control (ASAC) of the cylindrical shell.Both global and local control strategies were considered.The optimal control forces corresponding to each control strategy were obtained by using the linear quadratic optimal control theory.Numerical simulations were performed to examine and analyze the control performance under different control strategies.The results show that global sound attenuation of the cylindrical shell at resonance frequencies can be achieved by using point force as the control input of the ASAC system.Better control performance can be obtained under the control strategy of minimization of the radiated sound power.However,control spillover may occur at off-resonance frequencies with the control strategy of structural kinetic energy minimization in terms of the radiated sound power.Considerable levels of global sound attenuation can also be achieved in the on-resonance cases with the local control strategy,i.e.,minimization of the mean-square velocity of finite discrete locations.An ASAC experiment using an FXLMS algorithm was implemented,agreement was observed between the numerical and experimental results,and successful attenuation of structural vibration and radiated sound was achieved.

Active Control of Sound Transmission in Ship Cabins Through Multiple Independently Supported Flexible Subplates

The vibration and noise produced by the powertrain and waves inside ship cabins limit working efficiency and crew and passengers’accommodation quality.This paper simplifies ship cabins as cavities and explores active control techniques to attenuate sound transmission via multiple parallel-supported flexible subplates.The theoretical formulations of the interaction between multiple subplates and cavities were performed and the coupling relationships between them were analyzed.Based on the multiple subplates and the cavity coupling models,numerical simulations were performed using the derived optimal controller to minimize the transmission of sound into the cavities through two and nine parallel-supported subplates.The various control strategies were explored to minimize the coupling system’s acoustic potential energy,and the control performances were compared and discussed.The mechanism of reducing sound transmission through multiple supported subplates into a cavity is revealed.The simulation results showed that the vibration pattern of the controlled subplate is changed after it is regulated,which increases its radiation to subdue the other subplates’radiation,while increasing vibration of the controlled subplate.The more subplates a cavity has,the more kinetic energy the controlled subplate possess.Furthermore,the noise reduction performance of a cavity with fewer subplates is better than that with more subplates.

基于活动性检测动态估计噪声的心音降噪算法

针对基于小波分解和最优改进对数幅度谱估计的心音降噪算法存在噪声残留和心音失真的问题,提出一种基于心音活动性检测(HSAD)动态估计噪声的心音降噪算法。通过设计的HSAD判断当前心音帧是否为基础心音帧(FHS),根据判断结果分别采用改进最小值控制递归平均(IMCRA)算法和递归平滑算法对噪声功率进行动态估计与更新,采用非因果先验信噪比,实现心音信号的降噪。实验结果表明,提出算法能更好在提升降噪性能的同时,降低FHS的失真。

雨刮-风窗摩擦噪声声品质主动控制自适应均衡算法

雨刮-风窗摩擦噪声是影响车内声品质的重要因素之一,对其声品质主动控制有利于改善车内声学环境。为了实现对雨刮-风窗摩擦噪声声品质主动控制,提出一种基于集合经验模态分解的权重约束自适应噪声均衡(ensemble-empirical-mode-decomposition weight constrained adaptive noise equalizer,EWCANE)算法。首先通过集合经验模态分解(ensemble empirical mode decomposition,EEMD)方法分解雨刮-风窗摩擦噪声得到非平稳度较低的固有模式函数分量,计算各分量的方差比以表征各分量对噪声的影响程度;然后基于输入信号和误差信号的欧式范数以自适应对滤波器权重进行约束来降低噪声的瞬态冲击;最后根据方差比调整声音增益因子以均衡各分量的声品质主动控制。经过仿真验证,实车雨刮-风窗摩擦噪声信号响度得到有效降低,改善了雨刮-风窗摩擦噪声的声品质。

煤矿通风机进风口噪声主动控制技术研究

煤矿通风机是煤矿生产中的重要设备,其产生的噪声严重影响工人的工作效率。基于此,提出一种针对煤矿通风机进风口噪声源的主动控制方法。该方法通过在进风口附近安装传声器阵列和次级声源实时测量噪声信号,并辐射次级声波与原噪声声场抵消,从而达到降噪目的。实验结果表明,该方法对不同工况的噪声均表现出稳定的降噪效果,具有良好的实用性和健壮性。

面向声品质改善的车内主动噪声控制系统设计

针对当前车用主动噪声控制系统以声压级为主要控制目标的不足,考虑人耳听觉主观感受,基于FPGA硬件设计平台提出一种面向声品质改善的车内主动噪声控制系统设计方案。首先设计时频数据转换模块、确定声品质控制思路,其次对自适应滤波技术和支持2路参考信号的2×2多通道FELMS算法进行设计,最后利用ZYNQ7000主控芯片及相关外设完成实验平台搭建。试验结果表明,所设计的系统在降噪点处对发动机噪声A计权声压级和总响度均有一定程度的控制效果。

A numerical study of noise reduction in ducts with flow by anti-sound

Using the measures adopted in fluid mechanics, a numerical method of noise reduction in duct with flow by anti-sound is established, in which a mathematical anti-sound model is deduced strictly. Several numerical examples are given in the cascs of backward and forward sound propagation to illustrate the influence of anti-sound on sound field in duct and to discuss the effects of intensity and phase angle of anti-sound sources, and the effect of flow velocity.It is shown that noise reduction by anti-sound does have a bright prospect in engineering applications.

噪声控制研究进展与展望

首先分析噪声控制工程的研究意义,指出噪声控制研究是环保的要求,是静音潜艇的设计、微机械的高精度加工等高技术的基础,是近代提高机器性能的一个革命性措施。接着,分析噪声控制工程的研究进展,提出噪声辐射理论研究,噪声测试与声源诊断,CAE、数值化与可视化研究,噪声的主动控制技术。最后,提出噪声控制工程的未来发展方向,即:声学禁带设计理论与方法,主动吸声,新型吸声材料的研究。

城市变电站噪声分析及降噪措施探讨

城市变电站的噪声污染作为环境污染的一种,近年来引起的居民投诉日渐增多。如何解决好城市变电站的噪声污染对周围居民的危害问题,已经成为电力部门和相关研究单位的当务之急。笔者通过对多座220 k V和500 k V电压等级的城市变电站开展噪声检测的基础上,归纳总结了城市变电站的几种主要噪声源,分析了各类噪声产生的机理,探讨了无源降噪和有源降噪方式,提供了无源降噪应用于变电站的技术实例,并对声屏障的结构提出了3种改进设计,这一工作可为城市变电站降噪的工程技术发展提供参考。

基于声辐射模态的双层板声传输有源控制数值仿真和分析研究

针对双层板结构声有源控制(ASAC)的应用实施过程中全局控制目标函数和误差信号的获取问题,提出了基于辐射模态和结构误差传感的声传输有源控制的思想和策略,建立了双层板腔结构声传输系统及辐射模态控制分析模型。在此基础上对双层板腔声传输有源控制进行了数值仿真和分析研究,重点探讨了控制方法策略及系统参数对有源控制效果的影响及其对应的控制机理。结果表明:在低频范围内,仅需控制前四阶辐射模态声功率,便能和总的辐射声功率最小控制效果基本一样;在低频段声腔(0,0,0)模态在系统耦合响应中起主导作用,因此相比入射板和辐射板作动器控制,利用腔中次级声源作动的控制策略是一种更好的控制策略。

用主动噪声控制法改善车内声品质

以从4种类型轿车内采集到的16个不同噪声样本为评价对象,通过主观评价试验和统计分析计算建立了以心理声学客观参数描述主观评价结果的车内声品质分析模型,确定了稳态工况下车内噪声品质的主要影响因素为响度和尖锐度。并依此对声品质最差的两个样本实施了主动控制试验。试验结果表明,车内噪声的响度、尖锐度均减小。应用所建立的声品质模型进行计算,并结合二次主观评价试验结果验证声品质改善效果,两种方法均显示声品质烦躁度等级下降了5级左右,证明了主动控制方法用于改善汽车声品质的可行性和有效性。

对声辐射模态法的改进

以简支矩形板为例 ,通过声辐射模态研究结构声辐射问题。从物理和数学意义上对声辐射模态进行了解释 ,并对声辐射模态的自由度进行讨论。由于声辐射模态形状是频率的函数 ,这限制了声辐射模态在噪声控制中的应用。本文提出对声辐射模态算法进行改进 ,使声辐射模态形状在中、低频时与频率无关。最后进行了数值计算研究 ,结果表明 。

船用柴油发电机组主动减振试验研究

针对某拖船柴油发电机组设计了一套主动减振系统。该系统由DSP处理器和6个惯性式电磁作动器组成,采用6输入6输出的自适应主动控制策略,控制器的参考输入信号由激光转速传感器测量柴油机的转速信号获得。在该拖船上进行了柴油发电机组单独工作时的主动减振试验,同时对水下的水声信号进行了监测。试验结果表明,不仅误差传感器所在位置的振动响应得到很好地衰减,而且布置在水中的水听器信号也得到了控制。

公路隧道内主动降噪声源布置位置仿真模拟

基于声波干涉原理对高速公路隧道内噪声的主动降噪特性进行了理论分析,采用有限元法建立了3条隧道全尺寸断面模型,计算得出隧道内声压级分布,分析了主动降噪时的隧道内声场特性.考虑噪声声源频率的差异,噪声频率越低,隧道内主动降噪效果越好;考虑主动降噪设备位置的不同,将主动声源与噪声源、降噪点的空间距离加和,再与噪声源与降噪点的空间距离作比较,若两者差值为噪声波长的整数倍,则可在降噪点附近实现3dB以上区域降噪.

运七飞机舱内噪声主动控制实验研究

进行了主动噪声控制技术在运七飞机上的应用研究。在大量前期实验和算法分析的基础上，以实验方法进行了源声场及次级声场性能的分析；系统稳定性分析；分析了频率漂移对系统的影响，及收敛因子与系统的优化。最后进行了飞行状态下的噪声控制实验。结果表明本方法是可行的。

腔室内部声场与结构振动耦合特性及噪声控制研究综述

文章从规则腔室的低频解析法与高频统计法以及非规则腔室的数值法三个方面,归纳梳理腔室内部声场与结构振动耦合特性的计算分析方法,同时针对共振腔吸声与主动控制两种措施,综述了腔室内部噪声控制研究的新进展。

车内自适应有源消声系统次级声源布放试验

在构建车内双次级声源有源消声系统的基础上,对系统中次级声源的布放进行了试验研究,分析了双次级声源的布放、次级声源与误差传声器的相对位置对车内消声区域和消声效果的影响,确定了次级声源和误差传声器的合理布放方案。研究表明,当误差传声器与次级声源的数目相同、误差传声器位于次级扬声器的中心线上,且与次级声源相距200 mm左右时消声效果最好。讨论了不同车型车内次级声源和误差传声器布置的可行性,给出了客车、货车和轿车车内次级声源和误差传声器布放的合理方案,可为多次级声源车内有源消声系统的设计提供参考。