Application of Student-centered Learning Approach to English Listening and Speaking Class in Vocational Schools

Student-centered learning approach is focused on the students' demands and interests.Applying student-centered approach puts forward higher requirement to English teachers.This article first analyzes the theory of student-centered learning approach and compares teacher-centered approach with it.Based on the research information and teaching experience,the author summarizes four strategies about how to apply student-centered learning approach to English listening and speaking class in vocational schools.

Optimizing Teacher-Student Collaborative Assessment in the Production-Oriented Approach:A Dialectical Research

Teacher-student collaborative assessment(TSCA)aims to address the challenges of responding to students’work in the Production-Oriented Approach:low efficiency and poor effectiveness.As part of a bigger project carried out in a Chinese university over a period of three years,the present study explored how the teacher prepared and implemented TSCA in class,especially with a focus on how she determined the assessing objective and worked collaboratively with her students in class to achieve it,using the students’written and translated texts as examples.By adopting the dialectical research(DR)method,this paper collected qualitative data such as teaching plans,classroom recordings,and reflective journals of the teacher-researcher(the author),along with students’written drafts and translated texts.TSCA theory and classroom practice have been refined simultaneously by means of putting theory into practice and reflecting upon it.The optimized pre-class and in-class procedures may shed some light on applying TSCA to L2 classrooms.

Risk assessment: an approach to control hazards in mines

Accidents and injuries related to work are major occupational health problems in most of the industrialized countries.Traditional approaches to manage workplace safety in mines have mainly focused on job redesign and technical aspects of engineering systems.It is being realized that compliance to rules and regulations of mines is a prerequisite;however,it is not sufficient to achieve further reduction in accident and injury rates in mines.Proactive approaches are necessary to further improve the safety standards in mines.Unsafe conditions and practices in mines lead to a number of accidents,which in turn may cause loss and injury to human lives,damages to property,and loss of production.Hazard identification and risk assessment is an important task for the mining industry which needs to consider all the risk factors at workplaces.Applications of risk management approaches in mines are necessary to identify and quantify potential hazards and to suggest effective solutions.In this paper,the following risk estimation techniques were discussed:(i)DGMS(Directorate General of Mines Safety,India)risk rating criterion,and(ii)a matrix based approach.The proposed tools were demonstrated through an application in an opencast coal mine in India.It was inferred that the risk assessment approach can be used as an effective tool to indentify and control hazards in mines.

Synthetic security assessment based on variable consistency dominance-based rough set approach

Security assessment can help understand the security conditions of an information system and yield results highly conducive to the solution of security problems in it. Taking the computer networks in a certain university as samples, this paper, with the information system security assessment model as its foundation, proposes a multi-attribute group decision-making （MAGDM） security assessment method based on a variable consistency dominance-based rough set approach （VC-DRSA）. This assessment method combines VC-DRSA with the analytic hierarchy process （AHP）, uncovers the inherent information hidden in data via the quality of sorting （QoS）, and makes a synthetic security assessment of the information system after determining the security attribute weight. The sample findings show that this method can effectively remove the bottleneck of MAGDM, thus assuming practical significance in information system security assessment.

A comparative assessment of alternative approaches to sustainabl edevelopment

Environmentalists'approach to sustainable development is essentially different fromeconomists'in that environmental sustainability is set as a condition in biophysical limits. Furthermorethere exist alternative strategies for achieving environmental sustainability. This paper intends to assessand compare these alternatives in the context of environmental resource stock and economic outcomes , sothat the circumstances in which a particular strategy is preferred.would be suggested.

A systemic functional approach to EFL writing assessment

The present study aims to describe theme choices in students＇ writing with a systemic functional approach. The analysis of a student＇s written work chosen at random shows the student writer can apply various theme types in writing after receiving instruction in reading class. The author hopes to propose the pedagogical implication of teaching functional linguistics knowledge to advanced learners, because it gives the view to the students to write cohesive and coherent texts.

Non-Genotoxic Carcinogens.Approaches to Their Risk Assessment

Epidemiological studies support the idea that most human cancers are related to chemicals present in the human environment. In turn, chemicals are believed to cause cancer via either genotoxic or non-genotoxic mechanisms. There were described in literature several simple, rapid and inexpensive short term tests to reasonably predict the genotoxic nature of chemicals but in contrast, there is no reliable test or battery of tests available to predict the carcinogenicity of non-genotoxic compounds and this poses a major problem to their risk assessment. In addition, there are conflictive opinions about risk assessment needs for both classes of carcinogens. Some workers believe that for non-genotoxic carcinogens, thresholds for exposure can be drawn while others do not. In this review, the reasons behind both of these opinions and the present hypotheses about the mechanism of action of non-genotoxic carcinogens are described and analyzed in relation to future needs.

The Student-Centered and Topic-Based Approach in College English Teaching

The Natural Approach has got through the debates and is proved to be helpful in foreign language teaching.Based on this,the student-centered & topic-based approach is proved to be an appropriate way in college English teaching.This paper is devoted to justifying the effectiveness of this approach in the college English classroom,and providing an organization of a typical college English class.

Robustness Assessment of Wind Power Generation Considering Rigorous Security Constraints for Power System: A Hybrid RLO-IGDT Approach

Fossil fuel depletion and environmental pollution problems promote development of renewable energy(RE)glob-ally.With increasing penetration of RE,operation security and economy of power systems(PS)are greatly impacted by fluctuation and intermittence of renewable power.In this paper,information gap decision theory(IGDT)is adapted to handle uncertainty of wind power generation.Based on conventional IGDT method,linear regulation strategy(LRS)and robust linear optimization(RLO)method are integrated to reformulate the model for rigorously considering security constraints.Then a robustness assessment method based on hybrid RLO-IGDT approach is proposed for analyzing robustness and economic performance of PS.Moreover,a risk-averse linearization method is adapted to convert the proposed assessment model into a mixed integer linear programming(MILP)problem for convenient optimization without robustness loss.Finally,results of case studies validate superiority of proposed method in guaranteeing operation security rigorously and effectiveness in assessment of RSR for PS without overestimation.Index Terms-Hybrid RLO-IGDT approach,information gap decision theory(IGDT),operation security,robustness assessment,robustness security region(RSR).

Seismic Hazard Assessment of District Mansehra,Khyber Pakhtoonkhawa,Pakistan

The site of Mansehra is located seismically in an active regime, known as the Crystalline Nappe Zone and Hazara-Kashmir Syntaxis in NW Himalayas, Pakistan. Seismic Hazard Assessment （SHA） for the site has been carried out by considering the earthquake source zones, selection of appropriate attenuation equations, near fault effects and maximum potential magnitude estimation. The Mansehra Thrust, Oghi Fault, Banna Thrust, Balakot Shear Zone, Main Boundary Thrust, Panjal Thrust, Jhelum Fault and Muzaffarabad Fault and, further to the south, the Sanghargali, Nathiagali, and Thandiani Thrusts are the most critical tectonic features within the 50 km radius of Mansehra. Using the available instrumental seismological data from 1904 to 2007, SHA has been carried out. Other reactivated critical tectonic features in the area have been investigated. Among them the Balakot-Bagh fault, with the fault length of 120 km from Balakot to Poonch, has been considered as the most critical tectonic feature on the basis of geological/structural/seismological data. The potential earthquake of maximum magnitude 7.8 has been assigned to the Balakot-Bagh fault using four regression relations. The peak ground acceleration value of 0.25 g （10% probability of exceedance for 50 years） and 0.5 g has been calculated with the help of the attenuation equation using probabilistic and deterministic approaches.

Synthetic security assessment for incomplete interval-valued information system

In order to understand the security conditions of the incomplete interval-valued information system （IllS） and acquire the corresponding solution of security problems, this paper proposes a multi-attribute group decision- making （MAGDM） security assessment method based on the technique for order performance by similarity to ideal solution （TOPSIS）. For IllS with preference information, combining with dominance-based rough set approach （DRSA）, the effect of incomplete interval-valued information on decision results is discussed. For the imprecise judgment matrices, the security attribute weight can be obtained using Gibbs sampling. A numerical example shows that the proposed method can acquire some valuable knowledge hidden in the incomplete interval-valued information. The effectiveness of the proposed method in the synthetic security assessment for IIIS is verified.

How to exert the student-center approach in middle school English teaching

In order to train a student to be a person with ability,who can self-study,use knowledge flexibly and bring firth new ideas constantly,the constant development of society demands a full exertion of student-center approach in the process of education.Therefore,how to exert the student-center approach is a question that every teacher is facing.I think that we can exert the student-center approach from the following aspects.One,a teacher must change his teaching conception.He should know that it's the students who are the main body of teaching and the teacher can act as a guider.The other,by all means,we ought to make the students know the purpose of their study and the function of themselves in learning.We also ought to culture their interest in learning,inspire and strengthen their main body consciousness.the teacher should,on the basis of full understanding his students and textbook,exert the leading function of himself.In the course of teaching,the teacher can exert the advantage of advanced teaching method,such as situational language teaching,and advanced teaching instrument,such as multimedia,which will inspire the students' interest and conscious activities.We can train the students' imagining ability through encouragement 、guiding and extracurricular activities.We can improve the students' ability of self-study.Thus,the students' main body function will reach a better exertion and the effect of teaching will be improved.This will train the students to suit the need of society.

Uncertainties in Stock Assessment and the Precautionary Management Suggestions for the Anchovy (Engraulis japonicus) Stock in the Yellow Sea

Anchovy(Engraulis japonicus) is an abundant fish species in the Yellow Sea,and its natural stock is decreasing rapidly in recent years. Based on the stock-recruitment(SR) data from 1987 to 2002 published in Zhao et al.(2003),the criterion BIC(Bayesian Information Criterion) is applied to selecting a suitable model from six normal and lognormal error structured SR statisti-cal models,the age-structured model is used to calculate the biological reference points(BRPs),and the precision of the SR parame-ters and BRPs are calculated using bootstrap method. The results indicate that the anchovy fishery resource in the Yellow Sea is in an over-fished state. The precaution management principle requires that the fishery should be closed immediately.

Application of Diagnostic and Formative Assessment in College English Teaching

This report attempts to look into assessment in higher education in the UK and in Chi- na.The focus of analysis is comparison of the current state of diagnostic and formative assess- ment in the UK and in China.Also the report discusses how diagnostic and formative assessment policy or practice in the UK can be applied to China in English teaching in higher education.Fi- nally,a plan of action for 12 months about the application of diagnostic and formative assessment in College English teaching is made.

The Use of Portfolio Assessment in College English Teaching

Faced with the problem of how to evaluate students' learning properly,many teachers begin to search for alternative assessments.Interest is growing in meaningful assessment and the use of portfolio assessment has become a good choice to improve both teaching and learning.In the article,the major principles and the approaches of portfolio assessment are explained.By analysing the benefits and limitations of portfolio assessment,the article concludes that despite the issues,portfolio assessment can contribute to the enhancement of students' learning and the improvement of teaching.

失语症研究的语言学转向

失语症研究的发展经历了由医学主导到心理学主导,再到语言学主导,再到目前多学科交叉的变化过程。目前,在世界范围内从语言学视角开展失语症研究的热潮正在形成,主要包括失语症言语特征、失语症患者语言能力评估以及失语症的康复训练。本文从这三个视角介绍中西方失语症研究的概况,论述失语症研究需要开展的工作,尤其是我国失语症研究需要开展的工作,为我国语言学学者从事失语症研究指明方向。

2023年度工程与材料科学部基金项目评审工作综述

本文总结了2023年度国家自然科学基金委员会工程与材料科学部项目评审工作情况,对各类项目申请、受理、评审和资助情况进行了整理及分析,重点回顾了本年度工程与材料科学部深化科学基金改革新举措及实施成效,并提出了下一年度评审工作的思路及建议,以进一步提高工程与材料科学基础研究资助质量。

基于二维云模型的进近管制系统安全风险评估

进近管制系统的安全运行是确保民航运输安全的关键。安全风险评估是风险管理的基础,其可以提升安全风险管理效率,提高系统整体运行的安全性。同时考虑安全风险因素和安全风险事件,从管制员风险、设备风险、气象环境风险、管制环境风险和管理风险等5大方面建立进近管制系统安全风险评估指标体系;通过二维云模型得到某进近管制系统的安全风险等级为Ⅲ级并与一维云模型对比,证明评估模型具有有效性。将组合赋权的方法与改进的层次分析法和CRITIC法作对比分析,结果表明:组合赋权的方法不仅减少了主观随意性,还中和了主客观权重的不足;使用组合赋权-二维云模型进行进近管制系统安全风险评估结果更加准确。

远端桡动脉途径和传统桡动脉途径穿刺对脑血管介入诊疗患者疼痛程度的影响比较

目的探讨远端桡动脉途径(dTRA)和传统桡动脉途径(cTRA)穿刺对脑血管介入诊疗患者疼痛程度的影响差异。方法选取2022年8月至2023年3月于首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院脑血管病科行脑血管介入诊疗的患者90例。根据操作方式的不同将患者分为cTRA组和dTRA组。使用数字评定量表(NRS)对患者术后的疼痛程度进行评估,比较2组危险因素、实验室检查指标、NRS评分以及穿刺并发症发生情况和围术期不良事件发生情况。结果cTRA组57例,dTRA组33例。除饮酒比例、冠心病(冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病)比例、血糖水平外,2组危险因素、实验室检查指标差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。2组均未出现NRS评分高于5分者,dTRA组内疼痛评分低的患者比例较高。dTRA组NRS评分低于cTRA组[0(0,0.5)分比2.0(1.0,3.0)分],差异有统计学意义(Z=6.300,P<0.001)。2组穿刺点发绀发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),2组围术期均无脑出血、脑梗死、心肌梗死等不良事件发生。结论相对于cTRA穿刺而言,脑血管介入患者选择dTRA穿刺能减轻疼痛程度,且不增加并发症。

化工过程系统韧性研究进展与展望

为推动对化工过程系统韧性的研究,通过文献综述的方法,辨析系统韧性概念,解析化工过程系统韧性概念框架,从定性与定量2方面分析化工过程系统韧性评估研究的进展,探讨目前的研究挑战并展望未来研究方向。研究结果表明:化工过程系统韧性表示系统应对不利事件的预测、吸收、适应、恢复和学习能力;扰动下基于系统性能的概率方法是当前化工过程系统韧性定量评估的热点;韧性定量研究的主要挑战为扰动辨识与韧性建模等;未来研究应更多关注耦合扰动下韧性分析、综合韧性建模、动态韧性评估与韧性设计优化等方向。研究结果可为化工过程系统韧性的研究与应用提供参考。