Enhancing Private Healthcare Effectiveness in Lagos State, Nigeria: An Overview of the Effect of Quality Improvement Initiatives and Implications for Sustainable Healthcare Delivery

Background: Nigeria, a nation grappling with rapid population growth, economic intricacies, and complex healthcare challenges, particularly in Lagos State, the economic hub and most populous state, faces the challenge of ensuring quality healthcare access. The overview of the effect of quality improvement initiatives in this paper focuses on private healthcare providers in Lagos State, Nigeria. The study assesses the impact of donor-funded quality improvement projects on these private healthcare facilities. It explores the level of participation, perceived support, and tangible effects of the initiatives on healthcare delivery within private healthcare facilities. It also examines how these initiatives influence patient inflow and facility ratings, and bring about additional benefits and improvements, provides insights into the challenges faced by private healthcare providers in implementing quality improvement projects and elicits recommendations for improving the effectiveness of such initiatives. Methods: Qualitative research design was employed for in-depth exploration, utilizing semi-structured interviews. Private healthcare providers in Lagos involved in the SP4FP Quality Improvement Project were purposively sampled for diversity. Face-to-face interviews elicited insights into participation, perceived support, and project effects. Questions covered participation levels, support perception, changes observed, challenges faced, and recommendations. Thematic analysis identified recurring themes from interview transcripts. Adherence to ethical guidelines ensured participant confidentiality and informed consent. Results: Respondents affirmed active involvement in the SP4FP Quality Improvement Project, echoing literature emphasizing private-sector collaboration with the public sector. While acknowledging positive influences on facility ratings, respondents highlighted challenges within the broader Nigerian healthcare landscape affecting patient numbers. Respondents cited tangible improvements, particularly in staff management and patient care processes, validating the positive influence of quality improvement projects. Financial constraints emerged as a significant challenge, aligning with existing literature emphasizing the pragmatic difficulties faced by private healthcare providers. Conclusions: This study illuminates the complex landscape of private healthcare provision in Lagos State, emphasizing the positive impact of donor-funded quality improvement projects. The findings provide nuanced insights, guiding policymakers, healthcare managers, and practitioners toward collaborative, sustainable improvements. As Nigeria progresses, these lessons will be crucial in shaping healthcare policies prioritizing population well-being.

China Project “973”-Molecular Improvement of Cotton Fiber

Cotton is the main cash crop in China,and plays a very important and irreplaceable role in the national economy. With only 3% of total crop plant area,China accounts for over 10%

Statistical Analysis of Process Monitoring Data for Software Process Improvement and Its Application

Software projects influenced by many human factors generate various risks. In order to develop highly quality software, it is important to respond to these risks reasonably and promptly. In addition, it is not easy for project managers to deal with these risks completely. Therefore, it is essential to manage the process quality by promoting activities of process monitoring and design quality assessment. In this paper, we discuss statistical data analysis for actual project management activities in process monitoring and design quality assessment, and analyze the effects for these software process improvement quantitatively by applying the methods of multivariate analysis. Then, we show how process factors affect the management measures of QCD (Quality, Cost, Delivery) by applying the multiple regression analyses to observed process monitoring data. Further, we quantitatively evaluate the effect by performing design quality assessment based on the principal component analysis and the factor analysis. As a result of analysis, we show that the design quality assessment activities are so effective for software process improvement. Further, based on the result of quantitative project assessment, we discuss the usefulness of process monitoring progress assessment by using a software reliability growth model. This result may enable us to give a useful quantitative measure of product release determination.

Research and Implementation for License Plate Recognition Based on Improved Projection Algorithm

This paper analyzes and dissertates the discrete wavelet transform and improved projection algorithm in four kernel stages （image preprocessing, license plate localization, character segmentation, license plate recognition, i.e.） of license plate recognition system in detail. At last, it gives some conclusions and suggestions on future research.

Analysis of Adoption of Improved Groundnut Varieties in the Tropical Legume Project (TL III) States in Nigeria

Agricultural technologies and innovations play a great role in increasing productivity, alleviating and reducing poverty and contributing to economic development and this is made possible through adoption of improved technologies and innovations. This study centered on analysis of adoption of improved groundnut varieties in the Tropical Legume (TL III) States of Nigeria. Purposive and simple random sampling techniques were used to select 1476 groundnut farmers in the project States and from whom primary data were collected using electronic data capturing instrument containing the questionnaire. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Average Treatment Effect (ATE) framework. The results showed that the breeding and promotion of improved groundnut varieties in Nigeria under the Tropical Legume Project and with the synergy of USAID groundnut up-scaling Project in Nigeria resulted in very high level of awareness of improved varieties, more than average level of access to the improved variety seeds, moderate level of utilization of the improved varieties among the groundnut farmers and the adoption rate of improved varieties increased from 8% at based line to 57% at the end of the project. The study recommends extension of the project to facilitate further access to these varieties and for state governments to take ownership of the projects in terms of financial commitments to promotional efforts for mass adoption by farmers.

θ-improved limited tolerance relation model of incomplete information system for evaluation of water conservancy project management modernization

The modernization of water conservancy project management is a complicated engineering system involving a management system, a management method, management personnel, the exertion of social, economic, and ecological effects, and so on. However, indices for evaluating the modernization of water conservancy project management are usually unobtainable in practical applications. Conducting appropriate extension of the classical rough set theory and then applying it to an incomplete information system are the key to the application of the rough set theory Based on analysis of some extended rough set models in incomplete information systems, a rough set model based on the θ-improved limited tolerance relation is put forward. At the same time, upper approximation and lower approximation are defined under this improved relation. According to the evaluation index system and management practices, the threshold for θ is defined. An example study indicates the practicability and maneuverability of the model.

智能时代提升全民数字素养的理论和实践研究

文章在回顾数字素养相关研究成果基础上,阐述国家社会科学基金重大项目“智能时代提升全民数字素养的理论和实践研究”的主要研究内容,包括数字素养的内涵演进与实践进展、提升障碍与影响因素识别、标准框架重构与评测系统设计、培育体系与机制构建、提升路径与方案设计,进而介绍课题采用的研究方法,并指出影响因素识别、标准框架重构、评测系统设计等方面的重点难点问题,以及在知识、理论、方法与应用方面的创新之处。

日本三大都市圈整备规划的特征分析及启示

日本自1950年《首都建设法》颁布以来,在都市圈整备方面积累了一定经验。从日本大都市圈广域地方规划相关法律入手,分析并整理了与广域地方规划相关联的《国土形成规划法》和三大都市圈整备法等法律构成及内容。针对三大都市圈的广域地方规划和整备规划等展开研究,从规划编制、规划实施等方面分析比较其构成及主要内容,同时阐述三大都市圈“广域联合机制”特点。最后,基于日本大都市圈建设经验,结合中国都市圈发展现状,得到规划立法、广域地方规划制定、用地划分指导和管理机制协调等方面的启示,以期为中国都市圈的立法、整备规划工作实施提供启示及参考。

上海市虹口区道路交通缓拥堵方案研究

随着城市机动车保有量的增加,道路拥堵问题日益凸显,中心城区土地资源稀缺紧张,道路路网供给与交通需求的矛盾越发难以解决。在此背景下,可通过局部节点改造的工程措施缓解道路拥堵状况,提高通行能力。通过对上海市虹口区现状交通状况及拥堵成因的分析,论述了道路节点缓拥堵设计的具体措施及实施效果,以期为其他节点缓拥堵工程提供参考。

学习运用“千万工程”经验建设宜居宜业和美乡村的实践与思考——以成都市龙泉驿区为例

对标浙江“千万工程”的主要做法,当前宜居宜业和美乡村建设中还存在都市现代农业现代化水平不高、高品质乡村消费场景发展滞后、村庄发展的基本面貌较为落后和共建共治共享的机制尚未建立等方面的问题,这需要从基层党组织建设、人居环境整治、产业发展、城乡融合和乡村善治等方面入手,打造生态“宜居”、生产“宜业”、生活“和美”的乡村发展新格局。

Operation safety risk analysis method of hydropower project considering time-dependent effect

In order to consider the time-dependent characteristic of risk factors of hydropower project,the method of stochastic process simulating structure resistance and load effect is adopted.On the basis of analyzing the structure characteristics and mode of operation,the operation safety risk rate assessment model of hydropower project is established on the comprehensive application of the improved analytic hierarchy process,the time-dependent reliability theory and the risk rate threshold.A scheme to demonstrate the time-dependent risk rate assessment method for an example of the earth-rock dam is particularly implemented by the proposed approach.The example shows that operation safety risk rate is closely related to both the service period and design standard;considering the effect of time-dependent,the risk rate increases with time and the intersection of them reflects the technical service life of structures.It could provide scientific basis for the operation safety and risk decision of the hydropower project by predicting the trend of risk rate via this model.

Water Environmental Impact Assessment and Analysis of Foshan Brewery Project

In recent years, the beer industry is a biological food industry that consumes a lot of water, and it has developed rapidly in China. The sewage discharged from the mass production of beer poses a huge threat to the environment. In order to evaluate and better solve the possible environmental impacts of beer treatment engineering projects, a brewery project in Foshan City is taken as an example to investigate the water pollution generation links of the engineering process including surface water and groundwater. According to the relevant technical methods and standards, water pollution factors are screened, and concentration and discharge are monitored. Through comprehensive analysis, predictive evaluation is obtained. It is confirmed that the project meets the requirements of national laws and regulations and environmental protection standards.

基于改进免疫遗传算法的建设项目应急预案优化

为了提高建设项目应急预案的针对性,基于改进免疫遗传算法对建设项目应急预案优化进行仿真研究。首先,借鉴生物免疫原理,构建建设项目应急预案优化理论模型;其次,通过设计Taguchi试验优化算法中的重要参数,引入精英保留策略改进免疫遗传算法,并基于该算法构建建设项目应急预案优化模型;最后,以某高速公路为例,运用MATLAB软件进行模拟仿真,测试改进免疫遗传算法的可行性,并设置两组对比实验验证改进免疫遗传算法的优越性。仿真结果表明:相比于传统免疫遗传算法,改进免疫遗传算法下应急预案的亲和度更高,收敛速度也更快。这拓展了项目风险研究,为风险应对决策提供参考依据。

高寒地区污水厂升级改造中技术分析及应用

北方某县级污水厂原设计规模为1.0×10^(4)m^(3)/d,原有CASS工艺难以满足水量增倍、排放标准由《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》(GB 18918-2002)一级B标准提标至一级A标准的要求。在现有工程的基础上,将原有的CASS工艺改造为改良AO工艺+磁混凝多效沉淀系统,实现了出水水质稳定达到一级A标准,高寒气温下稳定的脱氮效率。该提标改造方式具有不需扩大占地、原有土建改动小、出水效果好等优势,减少工程投资和运行成本,可为高寒地区污水厂的升级改造提供参考。

岩溶隧洞突涌水灾害风险评价研究

受复杂地质条件的影响,岩溶隧洞在施工过程中极易发生突涌水灾害。为准确评估岩溶隧洞突涌水风险等级,将结构方程模型(SEM)与改进的模糊综合评价法(FCEM)相结合,构建岩溶隧洞突涌水风险评价模型。从地形地貌、气象水文、地层因素、地质构造、岩溶水文地质、施工因素6个方面深入研究;利用SEM确定各指标标准化路径系数并求得其权重,运用改进FCEM法对岩溶隧洞突涌水风险等级进行评价;以滇中引水工程昆呈隧洞为应用实例,利用Crystal Ball软件验证模型的有效性。结果表明:昆呈隧洞有90%的几率处于52~73分值区间范围内(Ⅲ级风险),与现场实际情况一致,表明基于SEM-改进FCEM法构建的岩溶隧洞突涌水风险评价模型具有一定的适用性;其中岩溶水文地质、地质构造、气象水文是该隧洞的主要影响因素,施工中应加强对这几方面的监控和量测,避免发生突涌水灾害。研究成果可为类似岩溶隧洞工程提供参考。

中国情境下公共项目治理研究的缘起、发展与应用

我国公共项目建设取得了举世瞩目的成就,一系列公共项目已成为世界公共项目建设史上的标杆,对提升综合国力产生重要影响,公共项目治理理论也得到长足发展。然而,现有研究对其发展脉络、理论框架尚未给出清晰阐释,为后续研究和理论拓展带来困扰。因此,系统梳理其理论体系以指导学界精准应用公共项目治理理论指导工程实践,成为学界关注的重要议题。研究内容包括:(1)公共项目治理研究发轫于解决公共项目绩效悖论,通过赋予公共项目可分析性实现了研究范式从管理到治理的转换;(2)公共项目治理知识体系主要包括“治理结构”“治理机制”“治理模式”“治理绩效”等核心内容;(3)通过对代建制下非经营性公共项目治理结构与机制的分析,构建了一套公共项目绩效改善的系统性分析框架。研究成果将推动公共项目治理理论进一步发展,并能为发挥公共项目治理指导工程实践的理论意义、优化公共项目治理的制度建设提供研究基础。

基础教育国家级教学成果奖三届数学获奖项目循证研究

基于循证研究,3届基础教育国家级教学成果奖中有76项数学获奖项目.从总体上看,数量在缓慢上升,在学科类名列第二;在质量上呈现偏正态分布,并获得唯一1项学科类特等奖.从获奖分布上看,区域及省域强弱分布不均问题严重,省域不均问题明显;在学段上,跨学段与小学教育占先,学前与特教低迷;一线单位获奖数量与占比率持续上升,非一线单位呈∩型.从内容分析上看,聚类分析发现获奖成果围绕9大主题展开;一等奖以上获奖项目分析发现,非一线单位占11项中的8项,并有2项成果走向世界,3位两届以上获得者来自非一线单位,存在非一线单位强于一线单位现象.最后,针对分布不均问题,建议从国家层面构建基础教育数学教学研究精准帮扶机制,在下届评选中继续向薄弱区域及省域适当倾斜,建立基础教育数学教育教学研究激励机制,适当顾及一线与非一线单位获奖占比率等.针对内容分析发现的问题,加大对数学教育教学重点难点堵点研究的支持力度,搭建高等院校、科研与管理部门与中小幼特协同攻关平台,不断提高一线数学教育教学研究质量.

基于GRA-GCRITIC和改进加权双向投影的区间Fermatean模糊多属性群决策方法

针对司法案件决策环境的复杂性及评价信息的模糊性,提出一种基于GRA-GCRITIC(grey relational analysis-group criteria importance through intercriteria correlation)和改进加权双向投影的区间Fermatean模糊Hamacher-TODIM多属性群决策方法。首先考虑到各位专家对各评价方案下各指标评价信息的差异性,提出一种GRA-GCRITIC方法,该方法将灰色关联融入到CRITIC中,以确定指标综合权重比单一获取的指标权重更加客观可靠;其次,结合信任关系对加权双向投影法进行改进,兼顾主客观关系,利用专家个体与群体评价信息的隶属度及非隶属度矩阵间的相似度得到专家权重;最后,考虑到决策者的损失规避心理,将融合了Hamacher算子的TODIM方法拓展至区间Fermatean模糊环境中,通过具体算例可得到其综合优势度及排序,验证了所提方法的可行性及灵活性。

基于改进函数投影同步的PMSM有限时间混沌控制

研究了均匀气隙永磁同步电动机(permanent magnet synchronous motor,PMSM)在参数确定,以及空载且定子绕组只有直轴输入电压供电的情况下,对在一定的输入电压范围内发生的混沌振荡进行控制.针对PMSM中直轴、交轴电流和电机角速度的混沌振荡,提出一种基于改进函数投影同步和有限时间稳定的控制方法.设计了改进函数投影同步控制器,并基于Lyapunov稳定性定理,从理论上证明所设计的控制器的有效性.仿真结果表明,系统在施加的控制器的作用下,原运行于混沌状态的系统能够在很短时间内收敛于稳定的状态,且具有对外部扰动的强鲁棒性.与施加输入–状态线性化方法设计的控制器的效果相比,系统状态变量能够更快达到预期控制设定值,并维持在平衡状态运行,具有良好的动态品质.

TPC三能力提高进阶混合式智慧教学模式构建与应用——以“数字信号处理”课程为例

数字信号处理课程以工程教育专业认证为抓手,以新工科建设和双一流建设为背景,坚持以学生为中心,成果为导向,实现“理论Theory+实践Practice+协作Cooperation”TPC三能力提高.即依据建构主义学习理论,课前三阶导学智慧预习,学生线上自主学习,教师采用PBL教学模式在线发布项目任务书和导学攻略完成课前测;课中五步教学智慧课堂,线下以项目为驱动采用TBL教学模式,以小组为单位项目实践、展示和评价;课后三省思学智慧提升,学生知识拓展、思维导图总结,教师教学反思用于持续改进.最后采用知识、能力、行为多维度智慧评价实现学生TPC三维目标进阶提升.